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Biomedical subjects

G C Steiner

Publications and source records attributed to G C Steiner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Pathology of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A review of experience at the Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York.

Pathological examination of the resected femoral heads from approximately 2000 total hip replacement operations carried out at the Hospital for Joint Diseases from 1984 to 1989 identified the presence of osteonecrosis in 345 patients (377 femoral heads). In 232 patients the osteonecrosis, referred to as "idiopathic," had occurred in the absence of a subcapital fracture. The present paper describes the pathology of the necrotic lesions in these 232 patients. The use of undecalcified sections and microradiography provides evidence of bone marrow calcification which, at the margin of the lesion, is sufficient to influence the radiographic features of the lesion significantly. Although a subchondral fracture is an almost constant feature of osteonecrosis when it occurs in a femoral head with a normal articular cartilage, no such fracture was found in cases in which osteonecrosis had occurred in an osteoarthritic joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Rapid destructive osteoarthritis: clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features.

Twenty-seven cases of an unusual, poorly recognized destructive hip arthropathy with radiographic findings of rapid severe joint destruction are presented. Radiographic findings mimicked those of other disorders such as septic arthritis, rheumatoid and seronegative arthritis, primary osteonecrosis with secondary osteoarthritis, or neuropathic osteoarthropathy, but none of the patients had clinical, pathologic, or laboratory evidence of these entities. All patients underwent hip arthroplasty, and osteoarthritis was confirmed at pathologic examination. Rapid progression of hip pain and disability was a consistent clinical feature. The average duration of symptoms was 1.4 years. Radiographs obtained at various intervals before surgery (average, 18 months) in nine patients documented rapid hip destruction. Involvement was unilateral in 89% (24 of 27 cases). Twenty patients (83%) were elderly women. The authors postulate that these cases represent an uncommon, rapidly destructive subset of osteoarthritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

In situ analysis of Paget's disease of bone for measles-specific PCR-amplified cDNA.

Paget's disease of bone is a disease of unknown etiology. The demonstration of viral-like particles on ultrastructural examination and the putative detection of viral antibodies and nucleic acids in the tissues suggest a possible viral association. The purpose of this study was to search for nucleic acid sequences homologous to measles virus using the recently described reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in situ hybridization (ISH) technique. After performing RT PCR ISH utilizing primers specific for the nucleocapsid region of the measles virus, an intense signal was evident in most measles-infected HeLa cells compared with a weak signal in few of these cells using standard cDNA-RNA ISH analysis. Amplified measles nucleic acid was detected in tissue from a patient who died of measles infection and was not detected in any of the 11 cases of Paget's disease of bone studied or in a giant cell tumor of bone that had tubuloreticular inclusions on electron microscopy. Therefore, these data suggest that infection by the measles virus is not associated with Paget's disease of bone.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Experimental transplantation of the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma into bone: radiological and pathological studies.

The Swarm rat chondrosarcoma has been the subject of extensive biochemical studies. However, to our knowledge, there are no previous reports in the literature on transplantation of this tumor into bone. This article describes the natural history of the tumor when implanted into the bone of the rat, and correlates its histological growth pattern with its radiological appearance. Our results showed that the tumor grows slowly in the bone. The rate of intramedullary growth, however, was variable and was not the same in all the animals. Its growth pattern resembles human chondrosarcoma, with extensive invasion of the marrow and cortex. In the first few weeks after implantation, the only radiological changes noted were mild medullary radiopacities. At a later stage, 12-14 weeks postimplantation, as the tumor infiltrated the bone, significant radiological abnormalities were observed in the medullary cavity and cortex. Periosteal reaction was seen after the tumor invaded the cortex with the production of a soft-tissue mass. Distant dissemination was rare; only 1 of 24 rats developed pulmonary metastases. The Swarm rat chondrosarcoma is a well-differentiated malignant tumor that histologically resembles well-differentiated human chondrosarcoma. Transplanted into bone, it may be useful as an experimental model for comparative studies with human chondrosarcoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Pathology of macrodactyly.

Macrodactyly is an unusual congenital anomaly in which there is hamartomatous proliferation of the soft tissue of the affected digit. It is usually present at birth or recognized during adolescence. Eleven cases are presented. All showed abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue in the affected digits. In five cases, prominent endoneural and perineural fibrosis was noted. Two cases also demonstrated focal neural and vascular proliferation. This is an unusual finding in macrodactyly and may be a part of the abnormal hamartomatous proliferation that is observed in this condition. None of the patients had clinical evidence of neurofibromatosis. One patient had the Proteus syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Malignant giant cell tumor of bone: malignant transformation of a benign giant cell tumor treated by surgery.

A case of a giant cell tumor of the right proximal femur that developed malignant change following surgical treatment ("secondary" malignant giant cell tumor) is presented. The patient had a cystic lesion that was initially interpreted as an aneurysmal bone cyst. A local recurrence six months later demonstrated the histological features of typical giant cell tumor. A further recurrence 22 months after the original treatment showed histological malignancy. Death was due to massive local recurrence and to extension of the malignancy to the pleura.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Tumoral calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

A report of two patients in which a soft tissue mass, initially regarded as a malignant tumor, was shown to be the result of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. The first case, a woman aged 71 years, presented with a mass involving the right fifth finger. In the second case, also a woman aged 71 years, the lesion involved the tissues adjacent to the right hip. Each lesion consisted of a mass of highly cellular tissue containing deposits of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals. The clinical, radiological, and pathological features of the two cases are compared with those of seven similar cases reported in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical localization of type II collagen in cartilage-forming tumors.

The presence and distribution of type II collagen was studied in 36 cartilage and cartilage-related tumors, including five osteosarcomas and one chordoma. A monoclonal antibody prepared from chicken type II collagen was used with paraffin sections, employing the ABC (avidin biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex) peroxidase technique. Fetal cartilage and fracture callus were used as control materials. Type II collagen was present in the matrix of all the cartilage tumors. The reaction was strongest in areas of well-differentiated cartilage and weakest in the poorly differentiated tissue of high-grade chondrosarcomas. Areas of mineralization or ossification, and areas of eosinophilic, fibrous, or degenerated cartilage gave a negative reaction.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1988

Expression of Ia and monocyte-macrophage lineage antigens in giant cell tumor of bone and related lesions.

An immunohistochemical study of six giant cell tumors of bone and eight related lesions (aneurysmal bone cyst, fibrous histiocytoma, and giant cell tumor of tendon sheath) was performed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed to the Ia and monocyte-macrophage lineage antigens. In all types of lesion, osteoclastlike multinucleate giant cells were negative for both types of antigen, but a proportion of mononuclear cells gave positive reactions. While the possibility that these cells are reactive cannot be excluded, in giant cell tumor and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, their frequency and their morphologic similarity to the rest of the tissue suggest that they may be an intrinsic part of the neoplasm. This finding is consistent with the presumed fibrohistiocytic nature of these tumors.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Periosteal ganglion case report and review of the literature.

The first reported case of a periosteal ganglion to be documented by computerized tomography is presented. The lesion was located on the shaft of the tibia and was unrelated to ligamentous and joint structures. A review of the literature reveals that the most common site for this lesion is the upper leg, as noted in our case; for that reason, periosteal ganglion should be included in the differential diagnosis of any soft tissue lesion in this location. CT may be more useful than plain films to demonstrate periosteal ganglion when cortical erosion is absent.

Cysts↗
PubMed1986

Primary multipotential malignant neoplasm of bone: chondrosarcoma associated with squamous cell carcinoma.

A primary neoplasm of the proximal humerus in a 68-year-old woman was unique histologically in that it contained both malignant cartilaginous and squamous cell components. The epithelial differentiation was confirmed by the demonstration of keratin by immunohistochemical techniques and of basement membrane, tonofilaments, and well-formed desmosomes by electron microscopy. The patient died 3 1/2 years after the onset of symptoms, without clinical evidence of either a primary tumor elsewhere or metastasis. The differential diagnosis from other bone tumors with epithelial differentiation, such as adamantinoma and "primitive multipotential primary sarcoma," is discussed. This is a rare primary neoplasm of bone of unknown histogenesis. Intermutability or metaplasia between mesenchymal and epithelial tissues is a possibility. The tumor probably originated from multipotential stem cells with the ability to undergo biphasic or dual differentiation toward mesenchymal and epithelial elements.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Bone erosion in synovial chondromatosis.

Of 30 patients with synovial chondromatosis, nine had prominent pressure defects at the articular margins of the hip and shoulder. Erosions of bone may be extensive, and the patient can be at risk for developing a pathologic fracture. Synovial chondromatosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lesions causing erosions of the articular ends of the bones; it is not as uncommon as has been previously suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ultrastructure of fibrous dysplasia of bone: a study of its fibrous, osseous, and cartilaginous components.

Eight cases of fibrous dysplasia were evaluated by electron microscopy and the findings were correlated with the light microscopy. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were the cells seen in the fibrous component. The osseous component consisted of immature woven bone trabeculae lined by abnormal osteoblasts with a fibroblastlike appearance. The cartilaginous component resembled hyaline cartilage. The process of mineralization of both osseous and cartilaginous tissues appeared similar to normal bone and cartilage. In fibrous dysplasia there is a slow turnover of bone, and this correlates well with the flattened shape of the bone-lining cells. When compared with normal ossification, the process of bone formation appears to be arrested after an early stage resembling membranous ossification. It is possible that the abnormal osteoblastic maturation of the bone-forming mesenchyme is one of the most important alterations of this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Carpal tunnel syndrome secondary to tuberculous tenosynovitis.

A case of tuberculous flexor tenosynovitis causing a carpal tunnel syndrome is described. Surgery initially relieved the patient's symptoms, but the disease process continued until the diagnosis was made and appropriate treatment was instituted. This diagnosis, although rare, should be considered as the etiology in a carpal tunnel syndrome, particularly when there is evidence of a proliferative tenosynovitis and radiographs show diffuse osteoporosis.

Aged↗