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Biomedical subjects

G C Robin

Publications and source records attributed to G C Robin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on spinal and peripheral muscles from patients with scoliosis.

This report describes part of a wider study on muscles from patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The aim of the study was to clarify if there exists a side-related pathology in the spinal musculature and if extraspinal muscles are abnormal in scoliosis patients. In scoliotic patients, both spinal and peripheral muscles showed frequent abnormalities when examined morphologically and histometrically by light and electron microscopy. Idiopathic scoliosis patients differed from the others. Morphologic pathology seemed worse on the concave side. A mild Type I fiber atrophy occurred in spinal muscles on the concave side and in the deltoids. A generalized tendency towards small myofibers was also noted. The findings suggest that there is a generalized specific neuromuscular disorder causing idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proprioceptive function in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Recent studies in Japan and in Sweden have suggested that a disturbance of postural equilibrium exists in idiopathic scoliosis. Proprioceptive function is one of the factors involved, and therefore a study of proprioception in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was carried out. No difference was noted in joint position sense and in fine motor control between 24 scoliotics and matched controls taken from a group of 70 normal children of the same age group. Blindfold weight discrimination, a test of muscle spindle and tendon stretch receptor function, also showed no abnormality in scoliotic children. The Charpentier test, thought to be a test of control of muscle spindle function, showed a tendency to an infantile response in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, while the control subjects showed a normal size-weight response.l This suggests that the muscle spindle system may be at fault in AIS and supports the suggestion that postural equilibrium reactions may be abnormal in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scoliosis in the elderly: a follow-up study.

A follow-up x-ray study of 554 subjects aged between 50 and 84 years has been carried out to determine the appearance, presence, and progression of scoliosis in the elderly and its relationship to osteoporosis and back pain. The subjects were chosen from a population group of 3600 subjects examined 7 to 13 years previously in the same investigators. Some degree of scoliosis was found in 70% of the subjects, and curves of 10 degrees or more in approximately 30%. Ten percent of the subjects had developed scoliosis de novo during the follow-up period. There was no direct relationship between the presence or progression of scoliosis and osteoporosis. There was no direct relationship between scoliosis and back pain or between scoliosis and degenerative changes in the spine. Since scoliosis in the elderly seldom becomes a clinical problem of significance, there would appear to be no valid reason for a more extensive study of the condition at this time.

Age Factors↗
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Deltoid pathology in idiopathic scoliosis.

Histographic analyses of deltoid, trapezius, and quadriceps muscles have been performed in patients with scoliosis of different kinds and in nonscoliotic controls. The results point towards specific pathology in the deltoids, especially on the concave side of the curvature in idiopathic scoliosis. The pathology consists of an overall fiber "hypotrophy" and a type 1 area decrease, often with frank atrophy. Electromyographic examination confirmed the deltoid pathology, showing a myopathic pattern in all the concave-side deltoids and often in the convex ones as well. The cause of the cephalocaudal and side-to-side asymmetry is possibly connected to developmental and neurotrophic factors that may be operative in the complex etiology of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Platelet aggregation abnormalities in idiopathic scoliosis.

Platelet aggregation studies were performed in 22 adolescent girls with idiopathic scoliosis. Impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation was found in washed platelets of the 22 patients with idiopathic scoliosis when compared with the controls (76.5% of control values; p less than 0.01). Furthermore, platelets from patients with progressive curves showed a greater degree of abnormality than platelets from those with nonprogressive curves, e.g., 57.6 +/- 22% of control values (p less than 0.001). No significant differences in aggregation could be detected when platelets were aggregated with the ionophore A-23187 in either the absence or the presence of calcium. Platelet aggregation studies in patients with other spinal deformities did not differ from the healthy controls. Because platelets share similar contractile proteins as muscles, the present study suggests that a muscle disorder may play an important pathogenic role in idiopathic scoliosis.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cervical instability in an achondroplastic infant.

Cervical spine instability is a rare finding in achondroplasia. We present the previously unreported case of C2-C3 subluxation producing progressive quadriparesis in an achondroplastic infant. Operative treatment with appropriate fusion was performed, and an excellent result was obtained.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Equalization of lower limbs by epiphysiodesis: results of treatment.

Equalization of lower limb length was achieved by epiphysiodesis in 20 children. During the period under review the Phemister procedure was replaced by percutaneous epiphysiodesis, and orthoroentgenogram was superseded by computed tomography (CT) scanning. In five children with anisomelia, whose expected discrepancy was 4.5 cm, the results at maturity showed an average discrepancy of 0.7 cm. In 10 girls with limb-length discrepancy (LLD) caused by ischemic necrosis with congenital dislocation of the hip, the average LLD at maturity was 0.6, whereas the expected LLD was 4 cm. In five children with LLD caused by infection, the average discrepancy was 3.8 cm at the time of epiphysiodesis, whereas at maturity it was 0.5 cm. A good result was achieved in 90% of the patients. We recommend the Moseley straight-line graph, CT scanography, and percutaneous epiphysiodesis.

Adolescent↗