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Biomedical subjects

G C Cormack

Publications and source records attributed to G C Cormack.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Fatal multifocal metastasis of Clostridium septicum: a case report.

Clostridium septicum infection produces rapidly spreading tissue necrosis, often, but not exclusively, associated with trauma or large bowel malignancy. We present a unique case of atraumatic infection leading to multifocal metastatic spread in a neutropenic patient, emphasising the devastating potential of this disease.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed2003

Anterolateral thigh free flap for complex soft tissue hand reconstructions.

The anterolateral thigh free flap is described in terms of its surgical anatomy, techniques of elevation and its application in seven cases of trauma to the hand. The particular advantages of this free flap for reconstructing a variety of hand defects are demonstrated. Flap refinements that have potential applications for hand surgery are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The application of the rotation flap to the dorsum of the hand.

We have described the application of the rotation flap to the dorsum of the hand. This has proved useful for closing certain defects on the dorsum of the hand. The flap is designed as a rotation flap and the secondary defect is then closed by advancement using the laxity at the dorsal wrist crease. We have reported on 10 cases. These adhere to the principle of repairing like with like and yield results which are both aesthetically and functionally excellent. The preservation of the axial elements of the flap theoretically makes it more robust and more resistant to infection.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Hereditary multiple glomangiomas.

Hereditary multiple glomangiomas are an interesting rare problem which can either present as multiple painful cutaneous lesions or, rarely, a cosmetic challenge due to site, size or number of lesions. It may also pose a diagnostic dilemma, which can only be settled by biopsy. Malignant change in glomangioma is extremely rare and only a few cases are well documented in literature. A case report of this condition, along with extensive review of the literature, is presented. The prognosis of various forms of glomangiomas and efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic tools is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Histochemical investigation into the molecular mechanisms of malignant transformation in a benign glomus tumour.

A glomangiosarcoma arose in a benign glomus tumour. The histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumour were investigated. Apoptotic cells were identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL). The proportion of apoptotic cells was found to be low and TUNEL positive nuclei were present in the benign part of the tumour. Bcl-2 protein, an inhibitor of apoptosis, was strongly expressed in the glomangiosarcoma with only weak staining in the benign area. The proliferation index of the glomangiosarcoma was almost 10-fold higher than that of the benign glomus tumour. Numerous nuclei in the glomangiosarcoma were intensely stained for the tumour suppressor protein p53. The results of the this study may contribute to an understanding of the molecular basis of malignant transformation in benign glomus tumours.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1996

Computed tomographic observations on subcutaneous fat: implications for liposuction.

The anatomy of the abdominal subcutaneous tissues is discussed in the light of data obtained in 20 female patients examined on a modern computed tomographic system. We have shown that the superficial fascia, which separates the superficial and deep layers of subcutaneous fat, forms a continuous circumferential fascial plane. This superficial fascia, contrary to previous reports, does not appear to merge with the deep fascial plane around the external oblique muscle. The fat in the deep subcutaneous layer, bounded by the superficial fascia, is the target for liposuction techniques. The CT data have shown that about 50 percent of subcutaneous fat resides within this deep layer.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1994

Auricular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is an uncommon tumour that may present at a wide variety of different sites. We report a 4-year-old girl who developed an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising in the left pinna which was clinically indistinguishable from a lymphangioma. The case illustrates that this neoplasm can be easily misdiagnosed because of its variable morphology. Early recognition is important as successful treatment is now possible with a combination of chemotherapy, surgery and/or radiotherapy.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Fasciocutaneous flaps.

It is difficult to be objective about the fasciocutaneous system of flaps, whose development continues at an alarming speed. The references cited in this article, by no means comprehensive, are testimony to that. We have tried to be selective in our choice of reference, and anyone familiar with these references will have a good understanding of the fasciocutaneous system. These flaps have been recognized for less than 10 years, but their origins have been well based on an anatomical foundation. The revival in the anatomical basis of flaps, whether they be skin based, muscle based, or fascia based, is, we think, one of the most significant factors in the huge advance we have seen in reconstructive techniques in the last decade. To put reconstructive surgery in perspective, we see it in the following way: 1. Distant origins from ancient Egypt through Tagliacozzi to Dieffenbach. 2. The birth of modern reconstructive surgery, 1900 to 1930. 3. Skin flaps and the age of the tube, 1930 to 1960. 4. Anatomical renaissance; the axial skin flap and microsurgery. 5. The 1970s, decade of the muscle and musculocutaneous flaps. 6. The 1980s, decade of the fasciocutaneous flap. We repeat that to see our present efforts objectively is difficult. What is close to us seems more important, but as we progress further away from the origins of the fasciocutaneous flap, some aspects of these flaps will be seen as more important than others. The concept of including the fascia to produce a composite fascial skin flap is of fundamental importance. The discovery of these flaps is a milestone in reconstructive surgery. Our anatomical understanding of all flaps is also of paramount importance. Some of the individually described fasciocutaneous flaps will always remain best buys; some will be forgotten--and maybe even rediscovered.

Extremities↗
PubMed1986

Cadaver studies of correlation between vessel size and anatomical territory of cutaneous supply.

The anatomical territories of individual vessels supplying the skin and subcutaneous tissues have been measured in specimens of cadaver skin following intra-arterial whole-body barium sulphate injection. An attempt has been made to correlate these area measurements with measurements of the diameters of individual vessels. A method has also been devised for measuring the "axiality" of the territories of distribution of individual perforators.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1986

The blood supply of the bone component of the compound osteo-cutaneous radial artery forearm flap--an anatomical study.

This paper reports the results of an investigation into the blood supply of that portion of the distal radius which may be incorporated into the fasciocutaneous radial artery forearm flap. The findings demonstrate that when detached from its medullary blood supply, this segment of bone is supplied predominantly by two fascioperiosteal branches of the radial artery augmented by a musculoperiosteal plexus at the site of attachment of flexor pollicis longus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The blood supply of thigh skin.

The pattern of blood supply to the integument of the thigh is reported. A new technique is described for analyzing the length, direction, and number of arterioles in specimens of cadaver skin and deep fascia. The information obtained from these studies adds to existing knowledge of the anatomic vascular basis of direct cutaneous and musculocutaneous flaps in this region and provides a scientific basis for the elevation of fasciocutaneous flaps in such a way as to aid the achievement of maximum length-to-breadth ratios.

Fascia↗
PubMed1984

Fasciocutaneous vessels. Their distribution on the trunk and limbs, and their clinical application in tissue transfer.

In the conventional view of the arterial blood supply of skin, two systems of vessels are recognised; the direct cutaneous arteries and the musculocutaneous perforators. The existence of a third system consisting of fasciocutaneous perforators, is a relatively new concept. These vessels supply the skin by passing along the fascial septa between adjacent muscles. A particular feature of these fasciocutaneous perforators is that they spread out at the level of the deep fascia, forming a fascial plexus which often has a marked directionality. The locations of these perforators and the axiality of the fascial plexi are described. This knowledge is important for the elevation of pedicled fasciocutaneous flaps and the design of fasciocutaneous microvascular free tissue transfers.

Arm↗