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Biomedical subjects

G Burg

Publications and source records attributed to G Burg.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Prognostic significance of DNA cytometry in cutaneous malignant lymphomas.

The current classification of cutaneous malignant lymphomas (ML) into low-grade and high-grade lymphomas was found to be of limited reproducibility and permitted only a rough prediction about outcome. With this in mind, the relationship between nuclear DNA content and both prognosis and histologic grading according to the Kiel classification was evaluated on Feulgen-stained imprint specimens. In all, 49 cases of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, primary of the skin or with an involvement of the skin as one of the first symptoms, were studied using a computerized high-resolution image analysis system. The 2c deviation index (2cDI), which reflects the variation of the nuclear DNA values around the normal diploid peak, was found to be the best prognostically relevant criterion. Using the 2cDI, a significant discrimination (P less than 0.001 in the U test) between low-grade and high-grade ML was achieved. The prognostic benefit of the 2cDI was well documented by a significant inverse correlation between the 2cDI and the period of time until the patients progressed at least into one higher stage or died of lymphoma (r equals -0.63, P less than 0.05). In addition, the 2cDI enabled prognosis of the course of disease. In the group with low 2cDI values (2cDI, less than 0.5), no progression of the disease was observed after 1 year. In the groups presenting with a 2cDI between 0.5 and 1.0 and higher than 1.0, a progression was found in 57% and 64% of the cases studied, respectively. In conclusion, these measurements indicate that the determination of DNA distribution patterns in imprint specimens allows a precise and objective prognostic evaluation of cutaneous ML.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Formation of neutralizing antibodies against natural interferon-beta, but not against recombinant interferon-gamma during adjuvant therapy for high-risk malignant melanoma patients.

In an adjuvant clinical trial, 34 high-risk malignant melanoma patients were treated with natural interferon (IFN)-beta and recombinant IFN-gamma. Patients with tumor location on head, neck, and trunk received 3 million IU IFN-beta intravenously (IV) three times weekly for 24 weeks. Patients with tumor location on the extremities received subcutaneous (SC) injection of 2 million IU of IFN-beta distal the locoregional lymph nodes instead. All patients were given 50 micrograms IFN-gamma SC on 3 consecutive days every 4 weeks. Antibody formation was detected by coincubation of IFN and patients' serum and assessment of the inhibition of the cytopathic effect by a virus suspension. Soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. No antibodies against IFN-gamma were observed. The overall incidence of antibody formation to IFN-beta was 55.8% (19/34). Ninety-two percent of the SC-treated patients (13/14) and 30% (six of 20) of the IV-treated patients developed antibodies. Soluble interleukin-2 receptors were found to be significantly lower in antibody-positive patients than in antibody-negative patients. The authors conclude that IFN-beta antibody formation is frequent and might influence IFN induced sIL-2R elevation in vivo.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1991

Imaging pattern of radiolabelled lymphokine-activated killer cells in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.

In patients with metastatic malignant melanoma the distribution patterns of radiolabelled lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were investigated. Peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) were isolated from six patients. LAK cells were generated by culturing PMC in complete medium containing 1000 U interleukin (IL)-2/ml and labelled with indium 111 before retransfer. We obtained scans at 2.5, 24, 48 or 96 h after injection with a high resolution gamma-camera. Intravenously injected LAK cells distributed to the lungs, liver, spleen and bone marrow. External tumour detection of known lymph node and bone metastases was successful in four. It failed in one patient with a solitary lung metastasis and in another patient with subcutaneous metastases. Our results suggest that LAK cells show tumour homing, providing a direct interaction between tumour and cytotoxic cells. We conclude that PMC seem to retain their ability to migrate after IL-2 stimulation and 111In-labeling. This technique may be helpful for kinetics studies or external detection of metastases in patients with malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The relationship between characteristics of the tumor cells and sex of the patients in primary malignant melanomas.

Sex is a well proven prognosticator in primary malignant melanoma. We studied 19 parameters of tumor cells in primary malignant melanoma from 391 patients, the purpose being to determine if melanomas in men and women are alike. Apart from results in thin melanomas, no difference was seen between the sex groups. Thin melanomas showed a significant difference for the melanoma-associated antigen G7-E2 (higher expression in women) and the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR (higher expression in men). The results suggest that sex-related prognostic differences are due more to host than to tumor characteristics.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1991

Hypo- and hyperpigmented areas in incontinentia pigmenti. Light and electron microscopic studies.

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare genodermatosis typically involving three stages: vesiculae, verrucous lesions, and hyperpigmentation. We clinically and pathologically documented a case from shortly after birth until the age of 17 years. Although the first two stages took a regular course, the third stage of the disease was characterized by hypopigmented streaks on the legs in addition to axillary hyperpigmentation. Similar hypopigmented areas were found in the patient's mother. Because pathological investigations of hypopigmented areas have been extremely rare, we performed light and electron microscopic studies and compared these with our findings in hyperpigmented regions. Light microscopy showed the hypopigmented streaks with slight epidermal atrophy and a reduced number of melanocytes and skin appendages. However, the main finding was round eosinophilic bodies in the upper dermis. Electron microscopic examination of these bodies demonstrated amorphous material that resembled colloid, suggesting degeneration of basal keratinocytes. Confirming previous reports, in hyperpigmented areas we found a reduction of pigment in those parts of the basal layer overlying melanophages located in the upper dermis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Contact allergies to topical corticosteroids: 10 cases of contact dermatitis.

Patients who noticed worsening of their skin disease after using topical corticosteroid preparations were patch tested both with the commercial preparation and the corticosteroid itself. Between 1987 and 1989, 10 cases of contact dermatitis due to topical corticosteroids were detected in this way. The corticosteroids wee amcinonide (2 patients), hydrocortisone butyrate, clobetasol propionate (2), betamethasone valerate (2), prednicarbate and fluocortolone (2). Patch tests with the commercial preparations and the corticosteroids themselves elicited reactions almost identical in time course and severity. Individual sensitivity seems to be more important for test results than test conditions. 9 of the 10 patients underwent further patch testing with a corticosteroid series. In 2 patients, a true cross-reaction between budesonide and hydrocortisone butyrate was found. All 9 patients showed further sensitivities to other corticosteroids. Most of the cross or concomitant reactions could be categorized into recently defined corticosteroid classes. To improve our understanding of corticosteroid sensitization, and to help the patient avoid reactions to other topical corticosteroids, a corticosteroid series should be patch tested in every case of corticosteroid sensitivity.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

The skin: an immunoreactive target organ during interleukin-2 administration?

Six patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated systemically with dacarbazine and interleukin-2 (IL-2). During IL-2 administration all patients developed a macular erythematous rash followed by scaling which began 24-48 h after IL-2 infusion. The dermatological changes were associated with elevated interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha serum levels (immunoradiometric assay). Histology revealed nonspecific spongiotic foci in the epidermis and a perivascular mononuclear infiltrate in the dermis. Immunohistochemistry characterized this infiltrate mainly as activated T helper lymphocytes and revealed the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 by endothelial cells and keratinocytes that might have been induced by interferon-gamma. The skin reactions associated with systemic IL-2 administration, show that the skin actually participates as a target organ. They should be differentiated from drug eruptions.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Intravenous single-dose ceftriaxone treatment of chancroid.

The antimicrobial susceptibility of Haemophilus ducreyi varies according to the geographic region. Increased resistance to trimethoprim and/or sulfamethoxazole led the Centers for Disease Control to recommend 250 mg ceftriaxone as a single intramuscular dose for chancroid. Intravenous or muscular routes of administration result in equivalent bioavailability. To avoid side effects such as syringe abscess and lidocaine intolerance, we prefer intravenous ceftriaxone therapy. The efficacy of this regimen is reported in 3 cases of chancroid. The intravenous administration of 1 g of ceftriaxone in chancroid seems to be as effective as administration by the intramuscular route, but it may lower the risk of syringe abscess, lidocaine intolerance and the emergence of resistant strains.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Vulvitis granulomatosa and anoperineitis granulomatosa.

We present the case of a 77-year-old female with a rare genital and anoperineal granulomatous cutaneous manifestation resembling cheilitis granulomatosa Miescher. The typical histological findings of epithelioid cell granulomas were localized in the vulva and anoperineal region; the latter manifestation has not yet been described. Based on our personal observations and a review of the literature, the clinical and histological features of vulvitis granulomatosa are described.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Sweet's syndrome associated with Salmonella typhimurium infection.

A 41-year-old woman presented with the typical clinical and pathohistological features of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (AFND). The disease had been preceded by diarrhoea and vomiting for 2 weeks. Stool cultures proved positive for Salmonella typhimurium infection. Antibiotic therapy and tapering oral steroids led to a complete remission of skin lesions within 2 weeks. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Sweet's syndrome associated with salmonellosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Lipocortins and phospholipases: new aspects in the physiology of glucocorticosteroid effect].

Glucocorticosteroids are among the most useful and most widely prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs. Despite their wide use little is yet known about their mode of action. In the last 10 years a group of proteins called lipocortins or annexins has been characterized. Those proteins exert an inhibitory effect on the synthesis of lipid mediators by way of an important proinflammatory enzyme, phospholipase A2. Phospholipases are known to be involved in cell-signal transduction and generation of inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins, leukotrienes and platelet-activating-factor. The cellular expression of lipocortins is induced by glucocorticosteroids. The inhibition of cellular phospholipases via lipocortins may account for some aspects of the action of glucocorticosteroids.

Annexins↗