Biomedical subjects

G Buckley

Publications and source records attributed to G Buckley.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1988

Factors affecting the acceptance of deoxyguanosine-treated thymus allografts.

dGuo-treated mouse embryo thymus lobes depleted of lymphoid and dendritic cells are not rejected by normal allogeneic mice despite expression of class I and class II major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens on thymic epithelial cells. Our results suggest that host mice are not tolerant to donor antigens, but treated lobes survive because thymic epithelial cells are not immunogenic. Multiple grafts of dGuo-treated lobes are rejected perhaps because numbers of residual dendritic cells reach a threshold necessary for priming. Mice previously primed by injection of spleen cells reject dGuo-treated thymus lobes, and crossreactions between major and minor histocompatibility antigens can be demonstrated. The acceptance of dGuo-treated thymus allografts by normal mice provides a system for investigating the requirements for priming.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Low-glycemic index diet in hyperlipidemia: use of traditional starchy foods.

To define those patients most likely to benefit from the hypolipidemic effect of low-glycemic-index (GI) traditional starchy foods, 30 hyperlipidemic patients were studied for 3 mo. During the middle month, low-GI foods were substituted for those with a higher GI with minimal change in dietary macronutrient and fiber content. Only in the group (24 patients) with raised triglyceride levels (types IIb, III, and IV) were significant lipid reductions seen: total cholesterol 8.8 +/- 1.5% (p less than 0.001), LDL cholesterol 9.1 +/- 2.4% (p less than 0.001), and serum triglyceride 19.3 +/- 3.2% (p less than 0.001) with no change in HDL cholesterol. The percentage reduction in serum triglyceride related to the initial triglyceride levels (r = 0.56, p less than 0.01). The small weight loss (0.4 kg) on the low-GI diet did not relate to the lipid changes. Low-GI diets may be of use in the management of lipid abnormalities associated with hypertriglyceridemia.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Metabolic effects of a low-glycemic-index diet.

Six healthy male volunteers underwent 2-wk metabolically controlled high-glycemic-index (GI) and low-GI diets in random order. Over the low-GI diet significant reductions were seen in serum fructosamine (7.0 +/- 1.0%, p less than 0.01), 12-h blood glucose profile (37 +/- 7%, p less than 0.01), and total serum cholesterol (15 +/- 3%, p less than 0.01). As a measure of insulin secretion, 24-h urinary C-peptide levels were 32 +/- 10% lower (p less than 0.05) after the low-GI than after the high-GI diet. Lower C-peptide levels were maintained after a standard carbohydrate challenge after the low-GI diet despite higher blood glucose levels. Differences in blood glucose were not seen after a 5-g intravenous glucose challenge. These results are of interest with respect to the effect that prolonged postprandial reductions in nutrient fluxes and insulin secretion may have on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and renal function.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Survival of deoxyguanosine-treated fetal thymus allografts is prevented by priming with dendritic cells.

Allogeneic thymus lobes rendered alymphoid by treatment with deoxyguanosine are not rejected in normal mice despite expression of class I and class II MHC antigens on donor cells. The results presented here show that the injection of as few as 10,000 cells from dendritic cell-enriched populations is followed by the rejection of deoxyguanosine-treated grafts. These findings support the notion that treated thymus grafts do not provoke rejection because they lack dendritic cells, which are destroyed by deoxyguanosine.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Low glycemic index carbohydrate foods in the management of hyperlipidemia.

Reduction in the mean glycemic index (GI) of diets of 12 hyperlipidemic patients from 82 +/- 1 to 69 +/- 2 units (p less than 0.001) for a 1 mo period resulted in a significant reduction in total and LDL serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride by comparison with the mean lipid values for the preceding and following control months. The change in GI of the diet was achieved largely through manipulation of the cereal products and was not related to large differences in the amount of dietary fiber. In addition, apart from a small mean increase in unsaturated fat and calorie intake during the control periods, no difference was seen between the proportion of macronutrients on either treatment as determined by 1 wk diet histories recorded on alternate weeks throughout the 3 mo study. Selection of low glycemic index foods may therefore be a useful adjunct to the management of hyperlipidemia.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

A description of independent living projects in the United States: various programmatic strategies for fiscal coping.

Independent living facilities in the United States provide numerous services to a large number of residential clients using a diversity of human service personnel. The facilities are often homogeneous in the range of services offered, the large nature of the facility, client population, staff, and sometimes budget. Most facilities feel that various styles of residential programs should be researched. A clearly defined service delivery model and fiscal models for prudent operations appears to be lacking in most agencies. Almost all the programs rent part of their building space to outside business interests. An absence of Federal money would eliminate or vastly reduce the services of most of the surveyed programs.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1979

Patterns of drinking among the deaf.

Thirty-nine White deaf persons functioning normally within the general hearing community were surveyed on a variety of factors concerning their use of alcohol, and compared to the data from two comparable hearing samples reported previously in the literature. No significant differences were found between the deaf and hearing samples on patterns of drinking or other parameters of alcohol use. Heavier alcohol use among the deaf correlated significantly with reported frequency of driving after having drunk too much, age of having had the first drink, ever having been drunk, feeling guilt over drinking too much, and others criticizing the respondent for drinking behavior. Heavier use also tended to be correlated with attendance at an all-deaf school. Implications of the findings of similar drinking patterns for the deaf and the hearing are discussed in terms of the lack of specific rehabilitation facilities for the deaf, along with possible reasons for the lack of use by deaf clients of alcohol rehabilitation agencies in the community.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Postfeeding radioimmunoassay artefact in heparinized pig plasma: studies with intestinal calcium-binding protein.

Samples of pig blood were taken in relation to feeding and assayed for intestinal CaBP by radioimmunoassay. When heparinized plasma was assayed by a double-antibody technique, significant postprandial increases of plasma immunoreactivity between twofold and 10-fold were noted. These apparent feeding responses were seen only with heparinized plasma and not with EDTA plasma, ACD plasma, or serum. Nor were such responses seen when heparinized plasma was assayed with talc or charcoal methods for phase seperation. The height of the artefactual response in immunoreactivity following feeding was related to the amount of carrier serum added during the incubation with second antibody and with the duration of this incubation. The artefact was seen in the presence of 0.01M EDTA. These results demonstrate a striking postfeeding radioimmunoassay artefact localized to the second-antibody precipitation step. The artefact can easily be avoided by several methodological changes. Such an artefact could conceivably affect other double-antibody radioimmunoassays of hormones or other substances. Caution is advised when double-antibody radioimmunoassays are used to assay samples taken in relation to feeding.

Animals↗

PubMed1977