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Biomedical subjects

G Bruschi

Publications and source records attributed to G Bruschi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Regulation of arterial adrenoceptors during hypertension development in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Diminished beta-adrenoceptor mediated relaxation and increased reactivity to norepinephrine have been observed in the arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). However, some reports are conflicting, while the complexity of endothelial, neural and purely morphological factors regulating the response of whole vessels is increasingly appreciated. Thus a dissection of the complex vascular contraction mechanism into single-step events is needed. Here characterization of adrenoceptors in isolated aortic smooth muscle cells of SHR by radioligand binding techniques is reported. The density of beta-adrenoceptors was decreased at 4 (-23%), 7(-20%) and 13(-39%) weeks in SHR compared with age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. In both strains beta-adrenoceptor density decreased significantly with age. alpha 1-Adrenoceptors exhibited complex, though slight, changes in SHR at different ages. The alpha/beta adrenoceptor density ratio was constantly increased in SHR (11.9 versus 7.6 at 7 weeks; 19.1 versus 15.8 at 13 weeks). These findings suggest that the abnormal contractility of SHR arteries may at least partially depend on changes at the adrenoceptor level. A loss of arterial beta-adrenoceptors early in the life of SHR can be an event leading to increased peripheral resistance and elevation of blood pressure.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

[Computerized axial tomography in the study of orbital pathology].

In recent years, C.A.T. has revolutionized the diagnostic iter in the field of orbitary pathology. Although echotomography has reached very good results in this field, C.A.T. still remains, according to the Authors the most reliable diagnostic approach, because of its excellent insight of normal and pathological orbital material. the analysis of personal casistics of 120 orbital tomodensitometric examinations has proved this event, especially as retrobulbar expansive pathology is concerned.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of passive semiorthostatic cardiopulmonary hematic centralization (by immersion in water) on hydrosaline elimination and on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in essential hypertension].

In 25 patients with essential hypertension and 9 control subjects we have studied the effects of central hypervolemia during water immersion on both renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and renal function (diuresis volume and urine excretion of Na, k and osmoles). Reduction of blood pressure, plasma renin activity and aldosterone was found to be similar in both groups; renal excretion of water, Na, K and osmoles was significantly higher in the hypertensive group compared to the controls. These urinary features may be related to a reduced proximal tubular reabsorption by cardiorenal reflex due to cardiopulmonary volume receptors stimulation without any change of GFR measured as the creatinine clearance. The urinary pattern, observed during water immersion in hypertensive group without any change of plasma sodium, osmolality or protein concentration, was comparable to "exaggerated natriuresis"; this may suggest that also "exaggerated natriuresis" is due either to renal vasodilatation or to renal tubular sympathetic activity reduction secondary to a cardiorenal reflex by cardiopulmonary volume expansion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Physiopathological and functional semeiologic considerations in a case of primary normoaldosteronemic hyperaldosteronism].

Among the atypical pictures of primary aldosteronism, sometimes, normal blood and urine concentration of aldosterone have been observed in association with an adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma. Here we report a case of atypical primary aldosteronism so characterized: -- the patient had the typical clinical findings of aldosteronism (hypertension, hypokalemic alkalosis, polyuria, etc). -- the patient exhibted all the biochemical abnormalities of primary aldosteronism: increase of exchangeable Na and of plasma volume, decrease of exchangeable K, etc. -- the patient had normal blood and urine levels of aldosterone. -- the patient's blood and urine aldosterone concentration increased following sodium depletion and K administration. Such increase was comparable with that obtained in normal subjects after the same tests. However, at the end of these tests, the patient was still in potassium depletion and sodium repletion. Therefore, it was concluded that the secretion of aldosterone, although normal in absolute values, was inappropriate to the metabolic status of the patient, since such "normal" values were found in association with conditions that should have produced an inhibition of aldosterone production. The catheterization of adrenal veins demonstrated the existence of a right adrenal adenoma. The blood pressure and the biochemical parameters of the patients have been normalized by right adrenalectomy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

[Notes on a case of clinostatic chyluria].

A clinical case of clinostatic chyluria of unknown non-parasitic aetiology, is reported. Ascending pyelography showed the presence of lymphatic communications between right renal pelvis and homolateral lumbo-aortic lymph nodes. Aetiology, pathogenesis, prognosis and diagnostic tools of use in the syndrome are discussed. The problem of the possible lymphatic origin of benign proteinuria, in relation to anatomic considerations and to quality and quantity resemblances between individual protein fractions in chyluria and benign proteinuria encountered in the present case, is also discussed. In order to clarify the problem, emphasis is laid on the advisability of simultaneously studying urinary protein composition in postural chyluria and lipid composition in benign proteinuria.

Chyle↗
PubMed1975

[Aspects of glycolipid metabolism during chronic renal insufficiency. Effects of dialytic treatments of short duration (3-4 hours on alternate days)].

The main indices of glycolipid metabolism were examined during and after dialysis in 11 patients receiving chronic treatment. Each dialysis period lasted 3-4 hr and was carried out on alternate days with individual machines and Coil UF2, Coil UF100 and Dasco SP75 dialysers. The liquid contained 35 mEq/l sodium acetate and 2 g glucose and flowed at 500 cc/min. Heparin was injected in the arterial line in a single initial dose. During treatment, there was an increase in free fatty acids and a decrease in serum triglycerides. Blood sugar and insulin were unchanged. The first 4 hr after treatment were marked by decreased fatty acid and increased trigylceride values. Blood sugar and insulin were again constant. The part played by sodium acetate and heparin in these changes is discussed.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1975

[Aspects of glycolipid metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency. Effects of intravenous glucose loading].

The behaviour of blood sugar, insulin plasma free fatty acids and glycerol was studied at various times after intravenous glucose loading in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and normal subjects. Conard's K (glycide assimilation) coefficient was also determined. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in the case of the K values only. No difference was noted in the case of the other parameters. The existence of two distinct groups within the subjects with chronic insufficiency, one with normal and one with altered K values, was also noted. The main physiopathological mechanisms probably responsible for this are discussed. It is considered that glucose loading is less sensitive i.v. than per os in the study of glycolipid metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The kinetics of aminosidine in renal patients with different degrees of renal failure.

The plasma concentration and urinary excretion after a single 500 mg dose of Aminosidine have been studied in 12 patients with different degrees of renal failure and 4 normal subjects. In normal subjects the plasma half-life is 2.47 hr; in patients with creatinine clearance (Ccr) of 30-60 ml/min, its 6.7 hrs.; in patients with Ccr of 10-30 ml/min, it is 16.7hrs.; in patients with Ccr less than 10 ml/min, it is 36.6 hrs. A dose of 0.5 g of Aminosidine should be given to normal subjects every 12 hr. When renal function is reduced, the interval (in hr) between doses should be the following: Ccr 60-40 ml/min: 19-28;Ccr 40-30 ml/min; 28-35; Ccr 30-20 ml/min: 35-47; Ccr 20-10 ml/min: 47; Ccr less than 10 ml/min: 76.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1975

Short dialysis schedules (SDS)--finally ready to become routine?

One hundred and one patients were treated for up to two years for three hours every other day (10.5 hr/week), or four hours thrice-weekly with conventional disposable 1m2 dialysers have been investigated. Rigorous control of water balance and the maintenance of predialysis serum K and PO4 within normal limits were the main criteria for judging the adequacy of the treatment. The results regarding blood pressure, phosphate problems, haematocrit, peripheral nerve status, pericarditis and range of rehabilitation are discussed.

Adolescent↗