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Biomedical subjects

G Briani

Publications and source records attributed to G Briani.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effects of imidazole-2-hydroxibenzoate on glycosaminoglycan and albumin urinary excretion in type 1 diabetic patients.

The effect of imidazole-2-hydroxibenzoate on urinary excretion rates of glycosaminoglycans and albumin in 22 insulin-dependent diabetics with albumin excretion rates under 300 mg/day was evaluated in a 165-day double blind crossover study. Unlike placebo, the drug reduced glycosaminoglycan and albumin excretion rates significantly after 40 and 60 days of treatment, and the effects were significantly intercorrelated. Moreover, a parallel reduction in urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was also observed. These pharmacological effects may have a positive impact on the subsequent natural history of diabetic nephropathy.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1988

Acquired myeloperoxidase deficiency of neutrophils in a patient with aplastic anemia (idiopathic marrow aplasia).

A case of aplastic anemia is described, in which bacterial and fungal infections were coincidental with a sudden development of an almost complete myeloperoxidase deficiency of neutrophils. The discrepancy on the differential white cell count between the logic and oscilloscopic finding of the autoanalyzer (Technicon H6000) and the results of the microscopic examination of the slides allowed a correct diagnosis of the enzymatic anomaly.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1986

Urinary glycosaminoglycans, sialic acid and lysosomal enzymes increase in nonalbuminuric diabetic patients.

Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGS) and sialic acid (SA), as well as the activity of two renal enzymes related to glycoprotein metabolism, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta-galactosidase (GAL), and two others unrelated to glycosaminoglycans and glycoprotein metabolism, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-Gt) and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE), were evaluated in 40 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with normal range albuminuria, 21 patients with mesangial glomerulonephritis, and 30 control subjects. Diabetic and glomerulonephritic patients excreted a significantly higher amount of GAGS and SA, and showed greater NAG and GAL activities; gamma-Gt and ACE levels were within normal ranges. No correlation could be demonstrated between diabetes duration and GAGS, SA, NAG and GAL findings. Moreover, no correspondence between degree of metabolic control, as reflected by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1a-c) and GAGS, SA, NAG and GAL emerged.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1984

Influence of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment on diabetic somatic and autonomic neuropathy.

Near-normal plasma daily glucose profile was induced by Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) treatment in order to evaluate its influence on diabetic somatic and autonomic neuropathy. Twelve insulin-dependent diabetic subjects with somatic neuropathy were studied before and after a short term CSII treatment of 10 days. Four out of these subjects, all affected by autonomic neuropathy, were followed for 1 yr with controls every four months. Metabolic equilibrium was monitored by mean daily plasma glucose (MPDG) profile and by Glycosylated Hemoglobin (GHb) evaluation. Somatic neuropathy was studied assessing conduction velocity at peroneal motor (PMCV) nerve, ulnar motor (UMCV), ulnar sensory (USCV) and sural sensory (SSCV) nerves. Autonomic neuropathy was assessed by means of a battery of five cardiovascular autonomic tests: Valsalva Manoeuvre (VR), Deep Breathing (DB), Lying-to-Standing (LS), Sustained HandGrip (SHG) and Postural Hypotension (PH). Short-term CSII treatment induced a near normalization of metabolic parameters, a significant improvement in VR (p less than 0.05) and DB (p less than 0.01) values, but no changes in NCV. The prolongation of CSII treatment in 4 subjects induced a significant (p less than 0.05) improvement in VR, DB and LS values and in PMCV and UMCV after 4 months. This improvement did not increase with the longer CSII treatment (1 yr).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Surgical therapy of gastric carcinoma in an advanced stage (clinical cases)].

The Authors study the casuistry of the Verona Surgical Clinic concerning the interventions for gastric cancer; they particularly study 35 cases of plurivisceral demolition for neoplasm in advanced phase. After a discussion of the data supplied by the literature; the Authors, as a conclusion, suggest not to consider the overcoming of the gastric barrier in multivisceral sense as a rigid element for the exclusion of these patients from surgery, although they exclude widely demolitive interventions in seriously weakened patients, or in bearers of such spreadings as to involve tremendous operative risks, not rewarded with a satisfactory advantage.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Endobronchial lipomas].

The authors report three cases of endobronchial lipoma, and study the etiopathogenesis and the main clinical and therapeutical aspects of such neoplasiae. Both diagnosis and treatment should be timely, in order to prevent irreversible damages to lung parenchyma, compelling surgeons to mutilating operations making the function of the apparatus heavier.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Lipoprotein-X and diagnosis of cholestasis: comparison with other biochemical parameters and liver biopsy.

The presence or absence of histological signs of cholestasis (on the basis of liver specimens obtained by means of liver biopsy) was compared with total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, ornithine carbamoyltransferase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase levels and LP-X test in 157 patients suffering from different liver diseases. The LP-X test was positive in 93% of the 59 cases in whom histological evidence of cholestasis was observed and negative 95% of the 98 cases in whom histological examination was negative. LP-X concurs more frequently with the histological picture than do total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. These data confirm that LP-X test is more specific than the tests traditionally used to demonstrate or exclude cholestasis. An increment in gamma-GT levels was observed in 97% of the patients with a positive LP-X test. These clinical results have been discussed in the light of recent data regarding the mechanism of lipoprotein-X formation and the possible relationships between LP-X and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Long-term trial with colestipol plus clofibrate in familial hypercholesterolemia.

Twenty subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia (12 Type IIa and 8 Type IIb), previously treated with Colestipol for 16 months, were subjected to therapy with Colestipol (15 g/day) + clofibrate (2 g/day) for 15 months. During the second treatment period these patients continued to follow the isocaloric hypocholesterolemic diet initiated during the original trial. In Type IIa patients, the association of these drugs enhanced the decrease in plasma cholesterol levels. The total mean decrease was -40 +/- 17 mg/dl (P less than 0.05). In Type IIb patients, on the other hand, the association of clofibrate with Colestipol induced an increase in plasma cholesterol levels. The total mean increase was +24 +/- 7 mg/dl (P less than 0.05). A markedly significant decrease in plasma triglyceride levels was observed in this group (- 107 +/- 30; P less than 0.01). These results seem to indicate that, in Type IIa, clofibrate increased the resin's hypocholesterolemic effect. In Type IIb, on the other hand, the association of these drugs did not seem to be indicated since a marked hypotriglyceridemic effect was accompanied by an increase in plasma cholesterol levels. These results are briefly discussed in the light of recent data obtained on the effects of Colestipol and clofibrate on lipoprotein metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Paraganglioma of the posterior mediastinum (author's transl)].

The authors describe one case of paraganglioma of the posterior mediastinum successfully removed after being discovered accidentally in a young male patient who showed no symptoms attributable to the tumor. The latter was a round mass, about 6 cm in diameter, richly vascular, located in the right costomediastinal gutter. Histologically it was a functionally silent paraganglioma originating from the intrathoracic aortosympathetic paraganglia, these being part of the very numerous groups of the paragangliar system distributed segmentally into metamers, particularly in the adrenal medulla. According to the more recent views, chemodectoma or paraganglioma (chromaffine or non-chromaffine, functionally active or silent) and pheochromocytoma (functionally active or silent, adrenal or extra-adrenal) constitute a group of tumors sharing the same tissue matrix, namely paragangliar cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence of coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease in patients with different types of primary hyperlipidemia.

The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) was studied in 280 (203 males, 77 females) patients with different types of primary hyperlipoproteinemia. In primary hyperbetalipoproteinemia the prevalence of CAD (45% for Type IIa and 47% for Type IIb) is significatly higher than that in the other types of hyperlipoproteinemia (38% for Type IV and 17% for Type V). On the other hand, PAD prevalence is much higher in hypertriglyceridemia (21% in Type IIb and 20% in Type V) than in hypercholesterolemia alone (9% in Type IIa). These results suggest ths atherosclerotic complications are concerned. Moreover, the high frequency of PAD found in hypertriglyceridemia can be related to the high occurrence of diabetes in these patients. The effects of other major risk factors of atherosclerosis (smoking and hypertension) were also evaluated. Our results indicate that the association of hypercholestolemia and hypertension is more dangerous than the co-occurence of hypercholesterolemia and smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hypolipidemic effects of metformin in hyperprebetalipoproteinemia.

Metformin's hypolipidemic effects (2.55 g/day for 3 months) have been studied in 19 subjects with Fredrickson's Type IV hyperprebetalipoproteinemia. The majority of patients were above ideal body weight (relative body weight = 118 +/- 2.7 %). Eleven of the subjects presented chemical diabetes, 5 fasting hyperglycemia, and 3 normal glucose tolerance. After treatment with metformin, body weight showed a slight, but significant reduction (--2.4 +/- 0.3 kg). Glucose tolerence was not substantially altered while basal glucose was significantly reduced in the 5 subjects with fasting hyperglycemia. Basal plasma insulin was significantly reduced in all the patients following metformin treatment. Insulin response to OGTT was slightly reduced in the subjects with fasting hyperglycemia. Independent of the patients' glucose tolerance, metformin treatment induced a marked decrease in plasma triglycerides (-- 40 %) and a reduction in plasma cholesterol (-- 12 %). No correlation was found between triglyceride and cholesterol reduction and body weight, glucose, and plasma insulin variations. Like phenformin, metformin acts not only on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion but on lipid metabolism as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Long term treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia with Colestipol, a new anionic exchange resin (author's transl)].

Results relative to long term treatment with Colestipol (a new resin sequestering bile acids) in 23 subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia, 12 with Type II A, 8 with Type II B and 3 homozygotes are reported. The patients had previously undergone treatment with clofibrate together with a hypocholesterolemic diet. After six weeks with placebo, the patients were given 15 g/die active drug for a period of 12 months and a double dose (30 g/die) for a successive period of 4 months. During the experimental trial the same hypocholesterolemic, isocaloric diet which had been followed during the previous hypolipidemic treatment was maintained. In the entire group taken as a whole, the total mean decrease was --56,9 +/- 15 mg/dl (P less than 0,01) after 12 months of 15 g/die Colestipol and --62,8 +/- 13 mg/dl (P less than 0,01) during the following 4 months with 30 g/die Colestipol. The difference between the two periods of treatment (15 g and 30 g/die) is not statistically significant. During the active drug treatment a slight but not statistically significant triglyceride increase was observed. The increase was most marked in the Type II B patients: the triglyceride variations in this group could be partly caused by slight variations in mean body weight. Starting from a mean basal value of 3,9 +/- 0,2 mg/dl, serum uric acid showed a significant increase which was maintained throughout the entire period of treatment, reaching a peak of 5,6 +/- 0,3 mg/dl (P less than 0,001) at the twelfth month. During the experimental trial no significant modifications were observed in the hematological routine analysis and liver functional tests, no malabsorption syndrome and no signs of toxicity were seen. Most frequent side effects were constipation, nausea, metheorism which, with the exception of four cases, which were withdrawn from the study, were reported as being transitory and mild. In conclusion, since Colestipol treatment significantly lowers cholesterol levels in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and does not manifest any toxicity or serious side effects, it can be used effectively in the long term treatment of this disease which is characterized by an elevated frequency of cardiovascular complications.

Adult↗