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Biomedical subjects

G Bovim

Publications and source records attributed to G Bovim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Nerve compression symptoms after a long bicycle ride--the Great Test of Strength].

Every year a bicycle-race over 540 km is arranged from Trondheim to Oslo, attracting approximately 5,000 amateur participants. It is well known that nerve compression syndromes may occur in connection with cycling, affecting in particular the ulnar nerve in the Guyon's canal and the pudendal nerve. A questionnaire study was carried out to evaluate the frequency of such complaints (N = 260). 32 (20%) of the 169 cyclists who completed the questionnaire reported numbness in the innervation area for the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve and 11% in the area of the median nerve. Approximately 15% reported paresis in the hand. The problem seemed to be transient. There was a slight tendency towards more symptoms among the most experienced cyclists, indicating that chronic compression may be more serious than the compression related to a single long tour.

Bicycling↗
PubMed1992

Neurolysis of the greater occipital nerve in cervicogenic headache. A follow up study.

Entrapment of the greater occipital nerve (GON) in its peripheral course has been thought to be of possible pathogenic significance in cervicogenic headache. We have performed a "liberation" operation ("neurolysis") of the nerve in the nuchal musculature, with special attention to the trapezius insertion, and the follow-up results in 50 patients are presented. The immediate effect of the operation was quite good, but the pain gradually recurred in the majority (46/50) of the patients. Eventually, all operated patients will probably have recurrence of pain episodes. Nevertheless, most patients claim that the overall disability is less after the operation, and 40% actually want to undergo a new, identical procedure. The justification for doing a second "liberation" operation is clearly less than for a first operation. In our opinion, this operation should not be performed in patients with cervicogenic headache in general. The present study shows that other therapeutic approaches should be searched for in cervicogenic headache.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Orbital phlebography: a comparison between cluster headache and other headaches.

Orbital phlebography has previously been found to be pathologic in 8 of 13 patients with episodic cluster headache. To compare the frequency and pattern of the pathologic findings in cluster headache with those in other headache categories, orbital phlebographies were carried out in patients with cluster headache, cervicogenic headache, migraine and tension-type headache (tension headache). The investigations were evaluated independently by two radiologists, one of whom had no knowledge of the diagnoses. The frequencies of pathologic findings were at maximal 2/12 in the cluster headache group, 2/11 in the cervicogenic headache group, 5/12 in the migraine group and 5/15 in the tension-type headache group. The investigators agreed completely in the evaluation of 39/50 phlebograms, with lesser disagreements in 7. In conclusion, the frequency of pathologic findings at orbital phlebography in cluster headache was not higher than in the other diagnostic categories investigated, and the pattern of the pathology was generally the same.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intracutaneous sterile water injections do not relieve pain in cervicogenic headache.

Intracutaneous sterile water injections have been reported to relieve acute labor pain and cervical pain in whip-lash patients. A double blind cross-over trial has presently been conducted in 10 women with cervicogenic headache in order to investigate whether sterile water injections were effective in this disorder. No benefit was observed for either treatment (isotonic saline or sterile water), neither on pain during the first 14 days nor on neck mobility. We conclude that intracutaneous sterile water injections is not effective in cervicogenic headache.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1991

[Spinal puncture].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Contraindications↗
PubMed1991

[Orbital phlebography. Methods, anatomy and clinical considerations].

Orbital phlebography is a roentgen examination method formerly used for general investigations of pathological processes in the orbit. The procedure has gained renewed interest because of its ability to demonstrate changes in vasculitis in the orbital venous system. These changes are shown to be associated with certain types of hemicrania, and with the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in particular. For three years we have performed orbital phlebographies at the department of Radiology at the University Hospital, Trondheim. This article describes the normal anatomy of the orbital venous system, the technique, and the pathological changes revealed by this method.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Topographic variations in the peripheral course of the greater occipital nerve. Autopsy study with clinical correlations.

The description of the peripheral course of the greater occipital nerve (GON) varies in the literature. An autopsy study was done on 20 cases without known headache problems. These findings showed a marked variation in the relation between the GON and nuchal muscles. The trapezius muscle was penetrated by the GON in 45% of cases, the semispinal muscle of the head was penetrated in 90% of cases, and the inferior oblique muscle of head was penetrated in 7.5% of cases. Macroscopic findings of possible compression were made in 11 cases (27.5%), indicating that nerve compression per se may be of minor importance since it seems to exist in the absence of headache.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Disorders in the lower cervical spine. A cause of unilateral headache? A case report.

Various pathoanatomical disorders may underlie cervicogenic headache. We present a patient who, after 15 years of unilateral headache and neck pain, developed radiating pain in the ipsilateral (left) arm. Cervical myelography demonstrated herniation of the C6-C7 intervertebral disc with involvement of the left C7-root. After decompression of this root, with disappearance of the radiating symptoms, the left-sided unilateral headache also disappeared. The follow-up time is 38 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cervicogenic headache: report of a case].

It has been known for many years that headaches can originate from abnormalities in the neck. However, their clinical pictures were never sufficiently systematized, at least not in order to permit the research on their pathogenesis. Sjaastad et al. described in 1983 a group of patients with a very uniform and stereotyped headache. Attacks of mild, longlasting, unilateral head pain without sideshift, occurred every few weeks. The headache could be provoked by neck movements, such as extension, rotation or lateral flexion, as well as by external pressure towards trigger points in the neck. It usually started back in the neck, eventually spreading to the ipsilateral orbito-frontal-temporal or facial areas. The denomination "cervicogenic headache" (CH) was proposed. Its pathophysiology is presently unknown. The C2 and occipital nerve blockages eliminate the pain. We present a CH case and make some comments on its clinical picture, pathophysiology, and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The process of change--a therapeutic model in alcohol abuse].

Reducing harmful alcohol consumption in the arena of general practice seems to be one of the most important fields in secondary prevention of problem drinking in the society. Physicians have much to learn from psychology in changing patients drinking behaviour. The article presents the process of change model, assisted by using drinking diaries and biomarkers in alcohol-related consultations in general practice.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the use of alcohol and tobacco during introductory military service].

The article presents a prospective study of changes in the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs during the first three months of military service. Previous studies have given diverse conclusions as to the effect of military service on smoking and drinking habits. This study shows a clear tendency towards increased smoking and drinking among the conscripts, in contrast to their own expectations of reducing such habits during the period of service. A large proportion of the young men had suffered alcohol-related injuries before entering military service, several to the extent that they needed medical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Identification of patients at risk of alcohol related damage].

Alcohol is clearly underestimated as an etiological factor in clinical medicine. A number of acute and chronic medical conditions are related to alcohol consumption, even when there are no signs of alcohol dependence. This article describes a new screening instrument proposed and developed by the WHO, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), to be used in hospitals and general medical settings. The clinical component of this instrument is based on analyses of regular patients where the level of consumption was used as the dependent variable. This makes it possible to assess the extent and risk of alcohol-related problems without actually discussing alcohol with the patient. The alcohol-specific component can be used for a more detailed exploration of the patient's use of alcohol.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1990

[Alcohol and epileptic seizures].

Epileptic seizures in alcohol abusing patients have different pathogenetic mechanisms and may occur at different stages of alcohol induced illness. It may be difficult to separate withdrawal seizures from real epilepsy. Detailed knowledge of the differential diagnosis and the effect of alcohol on the central nervous system is essential for correct management of the seizures. We give a synopsis of the classification of alcohol-related seizures, and discuss the indications for anticonvulsive treatment.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1990

[Alcohol-related admissions to a district hospital].

This is a retrospective study of alcohol-related admittances to the medical department of Molde District Hospital. All cases with certain diagnoses where alcohol is mentioned as a possible cause were recorded, and compared with a reference group of matched, non-alcohol-related cases. During the period 1980-86, 228 patients were admitted 350 times to the medical wards of the hospital. These patients had a significantly higher number of admittances than the reference patients, both to the medical ward and to other wards. They also had a higher frequency of emergency admittances. The average age of patients admitted for alcohol-related causes was much lower than that of the general patient population. The relative number of recorded alcohol-related admittances to the medical ward increased over the seven year period, from 3.8 to 5.5% for men and from 0.7 to 1.6% for women.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Subdural hematoma presenting as headache in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects the nervous system in 75% of cases (1). A female with several neurological manifestations in the case history presented with severe headache, psychiatric disturbances, and increasing paraparesis. She was found to have bilateral subdural hematomas, and after evacuation her neuropsychiatric symptoms, including headache, disappeared. It is speculated that the reported low incidence of subdural hematomas in SLE may be more apparent than real. On the basis of our case, we recommend repeated neuroradiological investigations to uncover this important, treatable and otherwise potentially fatal cause of headache.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pain threshold in humans. A study with the pressure algometer.

Pain perception threshold (PPT) in the head was assessed with a pressure algometer in 40 control individuals (24 females and 16 males). Threshold was assessed at 11 symmetrical points on each side. The average threshold for each side was calculated, and differences between two sides were evaluated with an asymmetry index. Subjects were studied in relation to age and sex, and any difference in the symmetrical perception of pain on the head was registered. The deltoid muscle was chosen as a reference point, since it is rarely a site of trigger points. The reproducibility of the method was satisfactory. A significantly positive correlation was found between PPT value of the head and the deltoid muscle. There was no tendency to rise or fall in PPT during the same "session", which consisted of 3 separate complete measurements. The mean of mean values showed that there was little asymmetry as for the thresholds pertaining to the head in the total material. Age and sex apparently played little role as for the outcome of the test. The assessment of PPT in the head might be a useful tool in the study of lateralization of pain in unilateral headache syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laterality of pain and other migraine criteria in common migraine. A comparison with cervicogenic headache.

Patients diagnosed as suffering from common migraine according to the "Ad hoc committee" criteria of 1962 have been studied as for type of unilaterality of headache. Patients, with trauma to the face, head, and neck were excluded, together with patients with the faintest suspicion of aura and those with chronification of the headache. Common migraine criteria, as stipulated by the IHS and Vahlquist, were counted in every patient (n = 32), except the laterality which was a free variable (a total of 8 variables remaining). For comparison, as far as the number of migraine criteria is concerned, a group of cervicogenic headache patients was also studied (n = 30). Unilaterality with side shift of pain was present in 75% in the common migraine group; in 34% of the patients, a combined pattern, i.e. bilateral headache + unilaterality with sideshift was present. Common migraine, therefore, just as classic migraine, seems to be a headache characterized by unilaterality with side alternation of pain. Common migraine criteria were present to a high degree in common migraine patients selected in this way, i.e. ca. 6.8 of a maximum of 7. In cervicogenic headache, the corresponding figure was ca. 3.8 (of a maximum of 7). These figures are statistically significantly different (p < 1.3 10(-11), Mann-Whitney test). Still, the level of criteria is relatively high in cervicogenic headache, and 6 of 30 patients would fulfil the IHS common migraine criteria.

Adult↗