Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Bouvenot.
The authors found a significant statistical association between thrombocytosis and anaemia in 600 patients admitted to Hotel-Dieu of Marseille: p < 10(-3) with Chi 2 test and p < 5.10(-4) with Mann-Whitney test. There is also a significant correlation (linear and non-parametric Spearmann): r = -0,212; p < 10(-3); and a partial correlation between platelets count and weight of haemoglobin, which is independant of sedimentation rate.
The authors have determined systolic time intervals with carotid arterial Doppler system in a group of 113 healthy subjects. These systolic time intervals, were independent of age but strongly influenced by heart rate, and highly significant correlated with phonocardiographic and carotid arterial pulse tracings, according to the method described by Weissler. However Doppler index, no significantly correlated with heart rate, seems to us a better assessment of left ventricular performance than Weissler index. New reports on the hemodynamic determinants in healthy subjects and in patient with chronic heart failure are necessary.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
It is well known that a number of medical interventions are still based on personal practitioner impression, non-systematic clinical experience or pathophysiologic rationale rather than solid scientific evidence, even when available. Evidence based medicine consists in systematically finding, appraising and using validated research results as a basis for clinical decision making. Access to evidence is essentially provided by randomized clinical trials. One can hope that medical practice supported by the best available evidence about diagnosis, prognosis and therapy will lead to some improvement in patient care. Nevertheless, the field of grey zones is still so large in clinical practice (where incertainty is mainly the rule) that evidence based medicine remains for the moment a positive mental attitude more than a pragmatic and generalizable approach.
The development and evaluation of new drugs often rely on surrogacy. An intermediate outcome becomes a surrogate outcome if it fulfils certain criteria, it should be easier to measure compared with the clinical outcome, a statistical relationship should exist between the clinical outcome and the surrogate outcome, a relation should exist allowing prediction of the degree of clinical effect based on the measured effect on the surrogate outcome. Development and authorization of drugs today often rely on so-called surrogate outcomes. Is this use sound? The validity of such outcomes has been reviewed in different therapeutic areas: hypertension, venous thromboembolism, AIDS, osteoporosis, hepatitis C. Based on this review, a pragmatic strategy is proposed which allows for the validation and proper use of surrogate outcomes.
Authors have used a reliable and reproductible original model of controlled production of free radicals for the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. This mutagenicity test is of easy realization and quick interpretation. An experimental model is proposed to test mutagenic activity of free radical generators and antioxydant properties of many substances, such as ascorbic acid. Its addition to the culture medium showed a significant decrease in the rate of micronucleated cells exposed to the free radical generator. The study of other antioxydant compounds (beta-caroten and 5-hydroxyquinolin) have confirmed results previously obtained with ascorbic acid. Thus, the free radical generator coupled to the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay represents a reliable test to study and evaluate the antioxydant power of natural substances.
Doxorubicine is an anthracyclin used widely in medical oncology. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the genotoxic and clastogenic effects of this substance through the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. This short-term mutagenicity assay is of easy realization and quick interpretation. It has enabled the demonstration of a significant decrease, after exposure of cells to doxorubicin, of the rate of micronucleated cells (average = 10.8 +/- 5.7 micronucleus versus 31.9 +/- 11.5 after exposure, p < 0.0001) and chromosomic aberrations (1 aberration for the control culture versus 17 since the first dose, p < 0.001). At the end of this study, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay represents a reliable test to study and evaluate the genotoxic power of some substances.