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Biomedical subjects

G Bouvenot

Publications and source records attributed to G Bouvenot.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Absence of changes in elderly patients of circadian variation of various so-called inflammation proteins].

In order to demonstrate possible modifications of circadian rhythms of plasma proteins in elderly, we measured every four hours during 28 hours in 14 aged (greater than 60 years) subjects orosomucoid, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and ceruleoplasmin (Cp). A circadian rhythm of the 3 proteins was significantly detected: the 24 hour mean values of orosomucoid and AAT were higher in elderly compared to young subjects but not difference was detected concerning Cp. As far as acrophase and amplitude of these rhythms were concerned no statistical differences were found between elderly and young subjects.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Are there circadian variations of polymorphonuclear phagocytosis in man?

Eleven male subjects were investigated to detect a possible circadian rhythm of the polymorphonuclear phagocytosis. Both cell activity and serum opsonins were studied for numerical detection of granulocytes having ingested at least one particle and for the mean number of ingested particles per cell. No significant temporal differences (ANOVA and cosinor) were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Abnormalities of some phagocyte membrane receptors during nosocomial infections.

The frequent and severe nosocomial infections in ICU patients suggest that these patients are immunodeficient. We studied the phagocytic activity of granulocytes and monocytes isolated from the blood of 32 ICU patients with nosocomial pneumonia (19 male, 13 female; age 41 +/- 4 yr). Cells were tested in standard medium and in the presence of patients' serum. Blood granulocytes and monocytes were purified and separately exposed to opsonized zymosan (to test C3 receptor function), immunoglobulin-coated erythrocytes (to test Fc receptor function), and glutaraldehyde-treated erythrocytes (to test nonspecific binding structures). Phagocytosis and superoxide anion production were measured. Granulocytes of patients exhibited a substantial decrease of zymosan ingestion (p less than .05), whereas phagocytosis of other particles was normal. Monocytes from the patients displayed an unselective overall decrease of phagocytic ability for the three particle types (p less than .05). Patients' sera were at least as efficient as a pool of normal sera in opsonizing zymosan. Further, no phagocytic inhibitor was found in the tested patients. In conclusion, we point out a deficiency of membrane receptors of neutrophils and monocytes in ICU patients with nosocomial infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A chronobiological study of delta-amino levulinic acid urinary excretion.

Determination of urinary delta-amino levulinic acid (ALA) is now systematically used in occupational health to detect an excessive exposure to lead in professionally exposed workers. However, to determine whether circadian changes of the urinary excretion of ALA alter the significance of the test, we quantified the ALA levels in the urine of 19 healthy young adults. Urine samples were taken every 3 hr between 0700 and 2300 hr and ALA levels were determined by a spectrocolorimetric method. The data indicated that the 24-hr mean ALA level was: 1.81 mg/g creatinine. The peak values (2.24 +/- 0.24) were obtained between 1400 and 1700 hr whereas the lowest ALA levels were found between 2200 and 0300 hr. Cosinor analysis revealed a significant circadian rhythm while no significant difference could be found according to sex. Possible explanations of our findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Circadian rhythms of the so-called inflammation proteins in healthy subjects].

Circadian rhythms for the factors listed below were investigated in 14 subjects hospitalized in apparently good health: total proteins, albumin, pre-albumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, ceruloplasmin, C3, C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and transferrin. Seven venous blood samples were taken from each subject over a 24 hour period. A circadian rhythm was detected for the total proteins, prealbumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, ceruloplasmin and transferrin. The acrophases occurred at about 12 hour intervals and the authors research group are already investigating these rhythms for the "inflammation proteins" and the transport proteins in cancer and inflammatory processes.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1985

[Blood cadmium and plasma zinc in hypertensive patients. Apropos of 76 cases].

Changes in total blood cadmium level (CdT), in blood plasma Zinc level (ZnP) and in CdT/ZnP ratio were studied in 39 hypertensive patients compared to 37 healthy subjects. The hypertensive patients were caracterized by a higher CdT level (p less than 10(-5)), a lower ZnP level (p less than 10(-7)) and a higher CdT/ZnP ratio (p less than 10(-7)). A negative correlation was found between CdT and ZnP, and between blood pressure values (systolic and diastolic) and ZnP. A positive correlation was found between blood pressure values and CdT, and therefore CdT/ZnP ratio.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1985

[Anomalies of the membrane receptors of blood phagocytic cells in nosocomial pulmonary infections].

Patients in intensive care units have frequent and severe opportunistic bacterial pneumoniae, even if they were previously free from respiratory disease. A search was made in these patients for possible immune deficiencies. Granulocyte and monocyte phagocytic activities were studied separately in 17 patients with bacterial bronchopneumonia (male: 13, female: 4; age: 41 +/- 5 yr). The ability of three types of particles (opsonized zymosan, immunoglobulin coated and glutaraldehyde-treated sheep red cells) to trigger ingestion was measured. Cells were tested either in normal AB serum or in the presence of patient's serum. A substantial 40% decrease of the fraction of granulocytes ingesting zymosan was found in our experimental conditions (p less than 0.001). Activity with the other particles was not significantly altered. Patients' sera were at least as efficient as a pool of normal sera in opsonizing zymosan. Furthermore, no phagocytic inhibitor was found in the patients tested. Underlying mechanisms for these abnormalities remain unknown, but a better understanding of the aetiology of the altered bactericidal function of phagocytic cells is required before suggesting immunomodulating treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Temporal variations of lorazepam pharmacokinetics.

Lorazepam pharmacokinetics were evaluated in eight healthy male and eight healthy female subjects after a single 3.5 mg oral dose. This randomized crossover study consisted of a morning dose (7:00 a.m.) or an evening dose (7:00 p.m.) separated by one week. While no consistent temporal changes in any parameter characterizing elimination of lorazepam were observed, absorption constant rate (Ka) and absorption half-life (t1/2a) were significantly modified by the hour of administration, the drug being more rapidly absorbed after the morning (t1/2a = 0.52 +/- 0.11) than after the morning trial (t1/2a = 1.18 +/- 0.26, p less than 0.05). Daily differences in pharmacokinetic parameters observed in this work suggest the need for taking in account the hour of administration during its pharmacokinetics determination.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of age on different receptors and functions of phagocytic cells.

Different tests were performed on 15 young (age between 17 and 39) and 13 older (62-83) subjects. Blood polymorphs and monocytes were separately tested for ingestion of 3 different particle species and stimulation of superoxide anion production. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the serum concentrations of 10 proteins possibly related to inflammatory processes were also determined. It is concluded that: Individual variations of phagocyte ability to be stimulated by different cell types are independent processes. Aged people displayed selective decrease of Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis by granulocytes and possibly selective impairment of nonspecific phagocytosis by monocytes. Further, the IgM level was decreased whereas the IgA, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were higher in old people than in young subjects. Correlations were found between the serum concentrations of some protein species and phagocytic function, but further experiments were coincidental (if both parameters were age-related) or revealed some causal link. It is suggested that our procedure provides a simple and reproducible way of testing many independent functions of phagocytic cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Circadian rhythms in total serum proteins, IgM and C3 component of complement in 40 adult males apparently in good health].

Circadian changes of total proteins erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IgA, IgG, IgM and 12 others blood compounds were documented in 40, 40-60 years old, hospitalized males without any inflammatory or hepatic disease. These patients were synchronized by diurnal activity and nocturnal rest, and each of them was submitted to 5 samples during a 24 hours scale (07.00, 13.00, 19.00, 01.00 and 07.00). We only detected C3, IgM and total proteins significant circadian rhythms (peak time in the diurnal period). When these data were analysed by mean-Cosinor, they revealed three groups of subjects: 16 patients with an acrophase at 17.00 +/- 3.00, 8 with an acrophase at 06.00 +/- 3.00 and 16 (third/group) with large differences in the acrophase values. Such heterogenous results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Carbonic anhydrase activity in male chronic alcoholics. Statistical analysis of correlations apropos of 74 cases].

Changes in cadmium blood levels and erythrocyte contents and in carbonic anhydrase activity (C.A.A.) were studied comparatively in 74 male subjects: 37 chronic alcoholics and 37 healthy age-matched controls. Chronic alcoholics exhibited significantly higher serum and erythrocyte cadmium concentrations and lower CAA than controls. Cadmium levels were correlated with the CAA. There was a negative correlation between the CAA and the mean corpuscular volume, daily alcohol intake and duration of the intemperance, in contrast with a positive correlation demonstrated for cadmium concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Serum profile of inflammatory reaction proteins in arteriopathies of the lower limbs, stage II].

The serum content of proteins involved in the inflammatory process was investigated, partly through kinetic immunodiffusion, in 85 men subdivided as follows: 45 men (aged 57 +/- 5 years) with intermittent claudication due to arteriosclerosis obliterans; 20 controls matched for sex and age; 20 sex-matched controls whose mean age was 25 +/- 3 years. Patients with obliterating arteriosclerosis had signs of both subacute and chronic inflammation. Compared to controls, they had a higher sedimentation rate, a lower percentage of serum albumine, higher percentages and absolute serum contents os alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta globulins, and higher serum concentrations of fibrin, orosomucoid, C3 complement fraction and IgA. In addition, the modifications of these proteins were closely correlated. These results are consistent with previous reports concerning patients with coronary heart disease. They point out the relationship between inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The fuzzy set theory as a biomedical diagnostic aid (author's transl)].

In this paper, the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic is approached as a diagnostic aid for practitioners and biologists. A few theoretical considerations are followed by two practical applications. The first is a modification of the WHO-Fredrickson classification of hyperlipoproteinemias, with the introduction of secondary or minor types corresponding to everyday medical practice. The other is an attempt at classifying the four most prevalent anemias encountered in internal medicine. Recent studies have shown that the various parameters should be grouped on a hierarchical basis.

Anemia↗