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Biomedical subjects

G Bounous

Publications and source records attributed to G Bounous.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Use of an elemental diet in animals during treatment with 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893).

Rats eating a diet containing casein hydrolysate (10% wt/wt)(diet 3) instead of whole casein (diet 1) exhibited increased tolerance to nine consecutive daily injections of 15 mg/kg of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The relative nutritional efficiency of diet 3 was significantly higher during 5-FU treatment. Serum albumin levels measured after 5-FU treatment dropped by only 2.7% in diet 3 groups and by 13.5% in diet 1 groups. Serum albumin values for rats on the control diet (Purina lab chow) were comparable to those on diet 1. No 5-FU-related mortality was observed in any of the groups. Intestinal brush border enzymes were determined in a group of rats on diet 1. At the end of 5-FU treatment statistically significant changes were observed: sucrase dropped to 30% of control and leucylnaphthylamide-hydrolyzing activity dropped to 19% of control. The activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase did not change significantly. It is postulated that under these circumstances a mixture with a prevalence of free amino acids (casein hydrolysate) could be more readily absorbed than a corresponding mixture containing a larger proportion of oligopeptides.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Intestinal peptidase activity following whole-body irradiation in mice.

Dipeptidase activity (Gly-L-Leucine, L. Leu-Glycine, Gly-L-Phe, L Phe-Gly) was measured in the cytoplasmic fraction of the small bowel mucosa of mice eating three synthetic, defined formula, diets or Purina Chow. The activity/milligram protein of all peptidases was found to be reduced seven days after the last of six weekly exposures to 400 rads (Cobalt 60). The magnitude of reduction varied from half the control value for L-Leu-Glycine peptidase to between one fourth and one fifth the control values for the other three peptidases. These findings may partly explain the improved tolerance to radiation in mice eating a diet containing amino acids (protein hydrolysate) instead of whole protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Dietary protection during radiation therapy.

Eighteen patients receiving Cobalt 60 irradiation for abdominal or pelvic malignancies were assigned at random to eat either a semi-hydrolyzed diet (Flexical: 10 g % casein hydrolsate; 14 g % triglycerides, 20% of which medium chain; 66% disaccharides) or a normal diet. There are no significant differences between these two groups with respect to age and the ratio of ideal to actual caloric intake. The patients in the control group received on the average a total of 3900 rd and those in the Flexical group 4040 rd. Generally, Flexical appeared to have a significant positive effect on body weight. In addition, radiation-induced diarrhea was not a problem in the Flexical group. In the latter group, serum proteins including immunoglobulins remained essentially unchanged during therapy while a moderate but significant fall was observed in all control patients. No significant difference between the two groups was observed with respect to peripheral blood hematocrit, red and white cell counts. However, the drop in blood lymphocytes following irradiation was significantly less in the Flexical group. The mechanisms of radioprotection are discussed. These preliminary data indicate that the nutritional and perhaps the immunological status of cancer patients receiving intensive irradiation can be maintained by dietary measures.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗