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Biomedical subjects

G Basso

Publications and source records attributed to G Basso.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Rhabdomyosarcoma with primary osteolytic lesions simulating non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

We report the case of an 8-year-old child presenting with the pathological fracture of two vertebral bodies due to bone lytic lesions. Physical and instrumental examinations did not show any further evidence of disease. However, bone marrow aspirate showed an infiltrate of poorly differentiated cells. When the child was transferred to the Department of Pediatrics, lymphoblastic leukemia was suspected. Although the morphology of the bone marrow biopsy could have suggested a lymphoblastic lymphoma, further immunochemical and immunological studies together with the study of tissue surface antigens resulted in a diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with an unusual presentation.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient acute monoblastic leukemia with reciprocal (8;16)(p11;p13) translocation.

The translocation of t(8;16)(p11;p13) has been demonstrated in the blasts of a phenotypically normal newborn baby with acute monoblastic leukemia. No antileukemic therapy was administered and spontaneous, complete remission was observed at 2 months of age. The patient remains well 18 months after the diagnosis and continues to have a normal hemogram.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monoclonal antibody panels for acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome diagnosis. Results of a co-operative quality control group.

The need for standardization criteria and result reproducibility in immunophenotyping hematological diseases has increased along with their clinical importance. Our group "Policentric Study Group on Immunological Markers", is composed of 40 laboratories. Its aim, over recent years, has been to find a standardized way of immunophenotypic analysis applicable to various hematological diseases. The objective of this study is to contribute to the debate concerning standardization of monoclonal antibody panels and immunophenotypic analysis procedures in acute leukemia (AL) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), with the following targets: to improve interlaboratory reproducibility of the immunophenotyping data, and interpretative results; to study, with improved feasibility, correlation between immunophenotype and clinical or biological findings on a large number of AL and MDS cases; to verify the utility of the proposed monoclonal antibody panels for proper AL and MDS classification, and to detect minimal residual disease. In the field of AL and MDS our experience is based on about 1800 and 700 cases respectively analyzed over the last five years. Starting from these experiences and data of the literature we have elaborated the proposed panels of monoclonal antibodies and the methods of analysis. We have suggested a standardized immunophenotypic approach to study AL and MDS. In particular our work has focused on the gating strategy. This aims at drawing a gate of analysis having high purity and recovery, and on the choice of monoclonal antibody combinations for multiparametric analysis, particularly the normal antigen expression on each step of lineage differentiation or their clinically relevant aberrant expressions. A standardized criteria has become a necessary starting point in any kind of analytical process. In the field of acute leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes the work of this polycentric group has focused on the pre-analytical and analytical steps to be taken in cytometric evaluation of hematological malignancies. The results obtained may contribute to reaching intra and inter-laboratory reproducibility.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biological and clinical features of B-precursor childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia showing CD2 and/or E-rosette co-expression.

BACKGROUND: Co-expression of the T-associated marker CD2 or E-rosette in non-T acute leukemia has rarely been reported. In this paper the incidence of such co-expression, together with its biologic features and clinical relevance, was evaluated in a large series of childhood "common" acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) cases. METHODS: This analysis was performed retrospectively on 306 cases of childhood non-T ALL. CD2 and/or E-rosette co-expression with other non-T markers was usually shown by a clear overlap between the percentages of T and non-T markers, by the great difference between positivity for CD2 or E-rosette and other T markers, and by double staining for CD2 and CD10 in one case. Two cases were further studied by a panel of nine different CD2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) representative of different epitopes. DNA analysis for the configuration of Ig and TCR genes (beta, gamma, and delta locus) was carried out in three cases. RESULTS: Eleven out of 306 cases (3.6%) showed CD2 and/or E-rosette co-expression in otherwise typical cALL. Data obtained in two cases with the use of nine different CD2 Mabs showed a different pattern of reactivity between leukemic B cells and normal T cells. The configuration of Ig and TCR genes was compatible with B-lineage ALL. CONCLUSIONS: CD2 and/or E-rosette co-expression was observed in a small subset of acute leukemias showing immunophenotypic and genotypic features of B-lineage ALL. A pattern of reactivity different from that seen in normal T cells was observed in the two cases tested with a large panel of CD2 MAbs. No association was found with other known prognostic factors, and 8 of these 11 patients have been in first continuous remission for 36-93 months.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Granular acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. "Aieop Cooperative Group for Cytology of Acute Leukemias".

BACKGROUND: Granular acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare morphological variant of ALL, characterized by cytoplasmic azurophil granules or inclusions, positive for aspecific esterase and acid phosphatase, with heterogeneous features at the ultrastructural level. METHODS: In an attempt to determine whether the presence of granules or inclusions marks a biologically distinct variety of ALL with peculiar clinical features, a prospective morphological review was undertaken of children entering AIEOP protocols for ALL in the period from 1985 to 1989. RESULTS: Of 531 cases examined, 16 (3%) were found to have greater than 1% granular bone marrow blasts, with 7 cases (1.3%) having greater than 10%. The presence of granules or inclusions was associated with the immunophenotype of "common" ALL. There was no clear association with FAB type L1 or L2 nor with particular clinical or hematological findings at presentation. Complete remission was achieved in all cases; one patient died of infection in remission at 3 months and 2 patients relapsed after 12 and 32 months, respectively, while the others are still in remission after a minimum follow-up of 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, granular morphology seems to have no prognostic importance in children ALL.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual leukemic presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma: report of two cases with immunological, ultrastructural and cytogenetical studies.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow infiltration occurs rarely at presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) or other childhood solid tumors. This possibility leads to misdiagnosis of leukemia and incorrect therapies might be administered. METHODS: We report two patients presenting with diffuse bone marrows involvement by neoplastic cells. Initial studies were not consistent with a diagnosis of leukemia and the cases were further studied extensively by indirect immunofluorescence, immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy and cytogenetics. RESULTS: In both cases blast cells were large, poorly differentiated, with immunological reactivity to the anti-desmin antibody. Ultrastructural findings of muscular features and chromosomal translocation t(2;13) (q37;q14) further confirmed the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma of the alveolar subtype. This was then confirmed histologically in one patient. CONCLUSION: This study stresses the utility of analyzing cases of morphologically undifferentiated marrow blast cells by various techniques, as well as investigating for different types of both hematological and solid neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytogenetics of infantile leukemias and its correlations with bio-clinical features. The "G. Gaslini" Children's Hospital experience over a 9-year period.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Infantile leukemia is a rare disorder, and few cytogenetic studies have been performed on this condition. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The authors present the cytogenetic analyses performed on 14 cases of infantile leukemia. The most frequent chromosomal changes are rearrangements involving 11q (4 cases) and gains of one or more chromosomes 21. Patients with chromosomal rearrangements show a worse prognosis than those with only hyperdiploidy or a normal karyotype, although the difference was not statistically significant due to the small size and short median follow-up.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebral changes shown by computed tomography in children with acute lymphatic leukemia after therapy].

The authors discuss the CT findings of the late brain damage by the radiochemotherapic treatment for the prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia in 50 patients, 1 divided by 15 years old. The more frequent CT findings are: enlargement of the subaracnoid spaces; ventricular dilatation; hypodensity of cerebral parenchima; calcifications. These findings correspond to two clinical and anatomo-pathological conditions: subacute leucoencephalopathy and mineralizing microangiopathy. A greater damage on central nervous system was demonstrated in younger children (5 years old) at the time of prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia, that were irradiated with NSD = 950 ret.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flow cytometry: its applications in hematology.

The techniques of flow cytometry are becoming more and more important for the clinical hematology laboratory. No longer a novelty confined to a few specialized institutions as it was 10 years ago, flow cytometry has blossomed into a mature discipline. The methodology is well-known, the mechanical apparatus is readily available, and the role it plays in clinical hematology is increasingly appreciated. The burgeoning number of scientific articles devoted to this topic attests to the interest it has aroused as a tool for both medical research and patient care. In fact, more than a thousand such papers are now published each year and it would be impossible to deal with all the methodologies and applications of FCM currently utilized or under development. Throughout this paper four relevant hematologic fields are briefly discussed, in which FCM appears to be of great help at present: the immunophenotyping of leukemias and lymphomas, the measurement of proliferative activity and DNA ploidy in hematological malignancies, the detection of drug resistant leukemic cells and the use of FCM in the study of platelets.

Flow Cytometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diphtheria--tetanus--pertussis].

Authors examine prophylaxis in fighting diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis over last fifty years and the results recently obtained in this field. They foresee improving sanitary conditions in the future of our country.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prevention of congenital damage: the infectious aspects].

During the intrauterine life or at birth, the product of conception is exposed to a lot of different and mostly still unknown risk factors among which the infective agents take on great importance owing to the proportion of the problem and to the fact that most of them can be avoided. Depending on the cases, for the baby welfare, measures of primary or secondary prevention are enforced; they are mainly based on serologic tests to the mother. After recalling the frequency and the effects of connatal injury of each infective pathology, the Authors examine the ways of infection of the coming or newborn baby according to the period of growth subsequently, the ways of avoiding the infection and the preventive treatments available or under study are examined.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prognostic effect of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in neuroblastoma. The preliminary results of the Italian Cooperative Group for Neuroblastoma (GCINB)].

Of 567 children with neuroblastoma diagnosed between November 1984 and May 1993 in 21 Italian institutions, 235 (41%) have been evaluated for MYCN oncogene amplification. The amplification (3 or more copies of the gene) was found in 39 patients (17%) and was more frequent in patients aged more than one year, abdominal primary site of the tumor, advanced stages, normal urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), and high level of LDH, NSE and ferritin. The five-year survival of the 235 patients (62%) was significantly better in patients with normal copy number of MYCN (69% versus 29%). By correlating genomic amplification with clinical and biochemical characteristics, MYCN amplification was found associated with a worse prognosis even when patients were subdivided for age (under and above one year), disease extension (localized operable, localized but inoperable, and disseminated) with exception for Stage IV-S, VMA and homovanillic acid excretion, serum levels of NSE and ferritin, but not of LDH. These data confirm the unfavourable prognostic meaning of MYCN amplification, but are unable to define if it represents a new independent variable.

Adolescent↗