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Biomedical subjects

G Bartolozzi

Publications and source records attributed to G Bartolozzi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arthropathies related to HLA-B27].

Spondyloarthropathies represent an important problem within the field of chronic childhood arthropathies. Nosology and differential diagnosis are yet unclear. It is important to distinguish spondyloarthropathies from JCA because biological aspects of affected patients, clinical findings, extraarticular manifestations and prognosis are very different. Ankylosing spondyloarthritis is the prototype of spondyloarthropathies: at the beginning, axial involvement is rare; it may develop during the following years or it may not occur. Enthesopathy is an important finding of spondyloarthropathies. Diseases with joint involvement, HLA B27 related, as ankylosing spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis. Reiter's syndrome or arthritis associated with chronic bowel disease, enter the chapter of spondyloarthropathies. Children with familial history of spondyloarthropathies showing enthesopathy, "sausage fingers" and with the presence of HLA B27, may be classified in the group of spondyloarthropathies. Children with a chronic arthritis with pauciarticular onset, B27 positive, without any sign and finding spondyloarthropathies, should be classified as JCA from the beginning. A follow up of children affected with chronic arthritis is fundamental for a more correct classification of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Azlocillin in the treatment of pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis: plasma concentrations and therapeutic indications].

Azlocillin plasma concentrations have been studied in 10 cystic fibrosis patients suffering from chronic pulmonary infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Patients were given single i.v. doses of 100 e 200 mg/kg body weight as intravenous infusion over 30 minutes. Azlocillin plasma levels have been assayed by a rapid, sensitive and precise high performance liquid chromatographic method. After the dose of 100 mg/kg body weight concentrations of azlocillin decreased below the therapeutic concentrations after three hours; dose of 200 mg/kg was followed by plasma concentrations in the therapeutically desirable range during the 6-8 hours study period. The pharmacokinetic analysis offers further evidence of the dose-dependent nature of azlocillin elimination. Higher dosage of 200 mg/kg body weight and monitoring of plasma drug levels are recommended in the therapy of patients with cystic fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pulmonary calcification in vitamin D poisoning in an infant].

We describe the case of a child aged 11 months with vitamin D intoxication and hypercalcemia, who developed acute renal failure and dyspnea. Chest X-rays showed interstitial changes compatible with either pulmonary alveolar proteinosis or pulmonary edema. The hypercalcemia suggested the possibility of metastatic calcifications of the lung. This hypothesis was subsequently confirmed by the progressive disappearance of pulmonary findings as calcemic levels returned to normal values... Our report emphasize the opportunity of studying the respiratory system in each patient with hypercalcemia, whichever the etiology may be.

Calcinosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accidents in childhood. From epidemiology to prevention].

Accidents are still the first cause of death in childhood with the exception of the first year of life. Perhaps the most important barrier in their prevention is in the term "accident" itself: the concept that an accident is an unpredictable and so unpreventable event, not an injury with a specific epidemiology that can be watched, studied, solved. The pediatrician plays, a key-role in accident's prevention: as epidemiologist, expert of growth and development, child's advocate, teacher and promoter of researchers, educational campaigns, policies. So he can no more say: "Accidents are not a medical problem"; on the contrary it is the time to know accident's epidemiology, apply the "safety equations" in the real life and be finally "accidentologists".

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Economic and social aspects of pediatric dialysis in Italy].

Rarely in italian medical journals have been discussed the social and economic problems related to dialysis much less the ones related pediatric dialysis. On the contrary, we believe that these problems hold a great importance due to their obvious consequences on the family structure, society and most of all on the psychophysical development of the affected child. Present structures of pediatric centers in Italy have been studied along with the available facilities, their spreading over the national territory and consequent transport problems. We also provided data regarding social and scholastic rehabilitation of the little patients as well as the effects of followed treatments on the family economy. Through these we can say that at the moment in Italy the 50% only of the children are treated in pediatric centers, which are still unequally distributed with a major concentration in the North, followed by the South and the Center Italy as last. However, it is important to notice that in every Center the child is seen as an individual and many efforts are done to reach his complete welfare. This purpose justify the presence, besides the specialized medical and nursing staff, of many dietitian, psychologist, teachers, play teachers, social workers. Results of a good recovery are evident in the sphere of the little patients, at school as at home, even if it is still difficult to evaluate a following complete integration in the work world. Still far away from solution is transplant problem in Italy: centers are insufficient and not perfectly working; patients suffer long waiting-lists; which causes to find the solution of their problem abroad.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Care of oncologic child and his family: viewpoint of the pediatrician].

The authors report their considerations on the care of the oncologic childhood and their families. Various psychologic aspects are discussed, first of all the child and his cancer, how the parents and siblings face the disease, death and after. Finally they outline the role of pediatrician and the hospital staff.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mucha-Habermann disease. Description of a case in childhood].

The authors report a case of Mucha-Habermann disease in childhood. Mucha-Habermann disease is not a very well known, though not infrequent, disease. It is characterized by recurrent erythematous-papular-vesicular skin lesions associated with arthralgia or arthritis or large joints. Prognosis is generally favourable although an evolution towards Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica and/or Mycosis Fungoides is possible. There are not specific laboratory findings for this form. Diagnosis is essentially based on histology showing an immunopathogenetic vasculitis. At the present time there is not a safe therapy for the disease; there are however indications for the use of Erythromycin and we followed these in our therapy with positive results.

Arthritis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Schoenlein-Henoch syndrome. Renal involvement and prognosis].

We have studied the incidence of renal involvement, the severity and the clinical course of nephropathy in 83 children, 47 males and 36 females, aged from 2 to 13 years, who were under observation for SSH at the II Pediatric Clinic, Florence University. In 72.3% of cases, we have not observed any sign of renal involvement, at least within 6 months of onset of the syndrome. In 16.3% we have observed persistent urinary abnormalities: these findings have returned to normal within 1 year in 13 children and within 3 years in one child. In 10.8% of cases, a nephropathy has appeared, in all of the cases within 3 months of onset. Only one case has developed renal failure 5 years after onset. We can conclude that a good correlation exists between clinical manifestations of this disease and histopathologic changes; that therapy is of little value in modifying the clinical course; that renal failure is a rare occurrence.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of nocturnal enuresis with a sound alarm. Study of 130 cases].

Nocturnal enuresis is a very common problem in childhood, various treatment have been suggested to cure bed-wetting, but the two most commonly used methods are the buzzer alarm and drugs. At Children's Hospital of Florence University, we dealt a trial to evaluate the effectiveness of conditioning treatment for nocturnal enuresis. We used a model alarm called "bell and pad". The child sleeps on a detector mechanism such as two separate metal mats that are connected with a buzzer alarm. When the voided urine wets the sheet, completing the electrical circuit, triggers the alarm and the child awakes. With repetition and unconscious inhibitory reflex is developed. 130 children were treated, 84 males and 46 females. Subjects were at least 6 years of age and not older than 15. 112 children had nocturnal primary enuresis and 18 secondary. The family history was positive in 70%. We had an initial interview with child and his parents. During this initial approach we explained the conditioning treatment. The child was given a diary card to record the bedwetting nights. We liked to see the child at three weekly intervals. After the child was dry for three consecutive weeks the metal mats was removed the bed. After a further three weeks of dryness the alarm was returned. Out of 130 cases there have been 109 cures (83%), whereas 21 (17%) haven't achieved dryness. There have been 14 relapses. Most children (77%) became dry within 12 weeks. The children with nocturnal secondary enuresis achieved later dryness. We believe that the use of enuresis alarm gives a high cure rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Osteodystrophy in children with chronic renal insufficiency in dialysis therapy].

One of the most important complication of patients with chronic renal failure is osteodystrophy. This causes skeletal deformities, growth failure, bone pain and decreased physical activity. Osteodystrophy is more frequent among children than uraemic adults. In fact, 50-80% of children with chronic renal failure may occur in metabolic bone disease and the incidence tends to be higher in those children who have been in uraemic state for a long time before starting chronic haemodialysis. Osteodystrophy is a result of: 1) lesions of rickets; 2) lesions of osteitis fibrosa: 3) osteosclerosis. In contrast to adult, metastatic calcifications are virtually never observed in uraemic children. Hyperphosphoraemia, that is secondary to the reduction of G.F.R., may be the principal responsible of hyperparathyroidism that is the main cause of osteodystrophy. Hyperparathyroidism is also maintained and increased by deficit of 1,25(OH)2D3 which is responsible for lesions of rickets. Haemodialysis may markedly improve osteitis fibrosa and it is efficacious in reversing the mineral defect. Dialysate calcium concentration should be maintained at approximately 3,5 mEq/l. In this case we can raise serum calcium. On the contrary dialysate has to be lacking in phosphorus to correct hyperphosphoraemia. It must be noted that we have to prepare a dialysate with deionized water lacking in aluminum to avoid encephalopathy compliance.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗