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G Bandini

Publications and source records attributed to G Bandini.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Acute myeloid leukemia from diagnosis to bone marrow transplantation: experience from a single centre.

We analysed the use of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). We evaluated 271 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML treated here between 1983 and 1992; 113 patients (42%) were eligible for BMT because of their age (< 45 years until 1986 and < 50 years later). Of these, HLA typing was performed on 81 patients (72%); 32 patients were not typed (19 had no sibling, 8 had a primary refractory leukemia, 3 died during induction, 1 had important previous toxicity and for one patient there was no recorded reason). Of the 81 typed, 36 patients (44.4%) were found to have an HLA-matched sibling donor and 21 (25%) underwent BMT (8% of the total population); 15 patients did not undergo BMT (6 relapsed before transplantation and did not obtain a second remission, 3 declined the procedure, 1 died during induction, 1 had positive MLR, 1 had positive MLR and HCV hepatitis, 1 was a drug addict with HCV hepatitis, 1 had previous organ toxicity, 1 was psychotic). These data show that only a small fraction of unselected patients with AML can undergo BMT. Such findings make the comparison of BMT with other types of post-remission therapy more complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Toxicity of high-dose busulphan and cyclophosphamide as conditioning therapy for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adults with haematological malignancies.

The toxicity of the conditioning regimen high-dose busulfan (BU) 16 mg/kg followed by cyclophosphamide (CY) 200 mg/kg has been analysed in 60 adult patients (mean age 36 +/- 9 years) with haematological malignancies, a third of whom had advanced disease, all received the graft from fully HLA-identical siblings. Significant nausea and vomiting were rare during BU administration but occurred in 44% of the patients with CY. Severe mucositis occurred in 30% of patients. Haemorrhagic cystitis occurred in 16% of patients; interstitial pneumonia occurred in 3 patients and was fatal in one. Veno-occlusive disease of the liver occurred in 2 patients and was fatal in one: however, increase of bilirubin of at least twice the baseline value and/or isolated weight gain > 5% of pre-transplant value occurred in 28% of patients. These signs of liver toxicity disappeared in all patients after appropriate therapy. Normalisation of bilirubin levels took twice as long as normalisation of body weight: median 35 and 18 days, respectively. Hyperpigmentation of the skin, mainly involving flexural and pressure areas, occurred in 47% of patients and was manageable topically. Eight patients died of relapsed disease; 15 died of transplant complications but in six the original malignancy persisted or had recurred at the time of death. Overall transplant-related mortality was 15%. We conclude that the toxicity of this regimen has not been high, with the liver being the most seriously affected organ. A longer follow-up is necessary to assess long-term consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hypercoagulability in patients undergoing autologous or allogeneic BMT for hematological malignancies.

Severe thrombotic alterations, such as veno-occlusive disease of the liver, may occur in the early phase following high-dose chemoradiotherapy and BMT. In this study, performed in patients with hematological malignancies subjected to allogeneic (10 cases) and autologous (20 cases) BMT, we have monitored laboratory hemostatic parameters to better understand the pathogenetic mechanism of thrombosis and particularly of veno-occlusive disease. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma fibrinogen, markers of hypercoagulability (thrombin-antithrombin complex and prothrombin fragment F1+2); natural anticoagulants (protein C, protein S and antithrombin) together with fibrinolytic parameters (plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, tissue-plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor and D-dimer) were assessed before transplant, on day 0 and weekly for 1 month thereafter. A hypercoagulability state, not related to an impairment of the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic systems, was documented before and after autologous and allogeneic transplant. Two patients developed veno-occlusive disease: they did not show any difference from the other patients before transplant while they presented a decrease of the natural anticoagulants along with altered fibrinolytic parameters only at the clinical onset of veno-occlusive disease. In conclusion, in this study a state of marked hypercoagulability was documented in BMT patients and the hemostatic laboratory parameters evaluated were not able to predict the occurrence of the thrombotic complications.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1993

Bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia: long-term results. Chronic Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Bone Marrow Transplantation.

The data on 1480 bone marrow transplants for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), performed between 1979 and 1990 were reported to the registry of the European Group for Bone Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Of these, 1082 patients were transplanted in first chronic phase, 88 in subsequent chronic phase, 251 in accelerated phase and 59 during blast crisis. For these four disease stages leukemia-free survival (LFS) at 5 years is 39%, 22%, 22% and 0%, respectively. A more detailed analysis was performed for 947 patients receiving a first transplant in first chronic phase of their disease from an HLA-identical sibling donor. Survival at 8 years is 47%. At 5 years, relapse incidence (RI) is 33% and the transplant-related mortality rate (TRM) is 42%. The major prognostic factors are patient age (LFS, TRM), T cell depletion (LFS, RI), time from diagnosis to transplant (LFS, TRM), white blood cell count (RI) and donor-recipient sex combination (LFS, TRM). This first report on long-term results of a large cohort of transplanted CML patients confirms and extends previous findings. Stage of disease at time of transplant is the most important prognostic factor. Fifty per cent of all patients transplanted for CML in chronic phase can be expected to be alive at 8 years post-transplant, 40% alive and free of the disease. This number increases to > 60% for patients given cyclosporin and methotrexate without T cell depletion as GVHD prophylaxis. However, there is no plateau phase and late relapses and late transplant-related deaths occur in all subcategories.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

In vitro amplification of hypervariable DNA regions for the evaluation of chimerism after allogeneic BMT.

The role of mixed hematopoietic chimerism in engraftment and relapse after allogeneic BMT remains unclear. To better evaluate post-transplant chimerism we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vitro amplification of four single locus simple repetitive DNA sequences, all of which vary extensively in their repeat number among different individuals: variable number of tandem repeats D1S80, APOB and D17S5, and the tetranucleotide repeat F8VWF. We tested 13 cases of CML, four of multiple myeloma (MM), three of ANLL and one of B-CLL. In a sequential analysis protocol with the different loci, the donor could be distinguished from the recipient in 14 of 20 (70%) pairs with the first marker used (D1S80). When a donor of opposite sex was involved, karyotyping and Y chromosome-specific PCR were also used. With the use of the four markers, chimerism was identified in all the pairs. Mixed chimerism was present in 5 patients, and complete chimerism in 15. No patients relapsed. The application of PCR for documenting post-transplant chimerism has several advantages over Southern blotting: increased sensitivity, use of small amounts of sample, ease of preparation of DNA, elimination of restriction enzyme analysis and of radioisotopes, and speed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

New strategies for selection of unrelated bone marrow donors.

An important problem in the selection of unrelated donors for bone marrow transplantation (UD-BMT), is HLA matching, between selected donor and recipient. Serological screening, mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), and sequence specific oligonucleotide genotyping (PCR-SSO) are the methods commonly used for typing of HLA-genes. These ways to select donor candidates are time-expensive. We set up new applications of the "fingerprinting-PCR" technique, to analyse the polymorphic second exon of DRB, DQB, DQA, DPB of HLA Class II and second exon A, B, C HLA-Class I genes, and to search for identity between patient and serologically selected unrelated donors. In an assessment of the technique, 50 normal samples, and 4 unrelated HLA-A and HLA-B serological matched patient-donor pairs were analysed for HLA polymorphic regions. In 3 of the 4 cases (UD-BMT) at least HLA-DRB mismatched different donor-transplanted patterns were identified. In all cases PCR-SSO analysis was performed as control. Based on our data, we suggest that identification of UD for allogeneic BMT should follow these steps: 1) serological HLA-Class I and II genes screening; 2) HLA-Class II DRB gene PCR fingerprinting; 3) confirmation by SSO analysis in case of fingerprinting identity. 4) HLA-Class II DQA, DQB, DPB PCR fingerprinting. Moreover, confirmation by PCR fingerprinting or protein isoelectrofocusing of HLA-Class I identity is recommended. This "strategy" may contribute to rapid and specific selection of unrelated marrow donors.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): preliminary report in patients with lymphoma associated with HIV infection.

In an ongoing phase II study, 12 patients with lymphoma and HIV infection were treated with zidovudine (ZDV) and recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) to evaluate if this association may produce beneficial effect on the immunologic status and the outcome of lymphoma. The protocol included daily doses of rIL-2 at 6 MIU/m2 over 5 days in c.i. per week for a total 4 courses; ZDV was associated at 600 mg/d in the period under study. An improved CD4 count, exceeding 2- to 4-fold the basal count, was obtained in patients with a basal CD4 number greater than 100/microliters accompanied by a significant increase of NK and LAK activity (p less than 0.001). From the clinical point of view the reduction of tumor manifestation was proportional to CD4 basal number; 2 patients from those with CD4 greater than 100/microliters obtained a complete remission after rIL-2 and ZVD. The p24 antigen, taken as parameter of viral replication, remained invariably negative after rIL-2 and ZDV in patients already negative and became negative in 1 patient previously positive. Our conclusion is that the association of rIL-2 and AZT is safe and useful in patients with lymphoma and HIV infection.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1991

Long-term outcome of adults with acute myelogenous leukaemia: results of a prospective, randomized study of chemotherapy with a minimal follow-up of 7 years.

In a prospective study running between 1981 and 1983, a group of 156 adult (under 60 years of age) patients with de-novo acute myelogenous leukaemia were randomly assigned to receive a daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine combination or a regimen containing lower dosages of these drugs but also containing etoposide and vindesine. Patients who entered complete remission received maintenance therapy for 2 years. The survival and remission duration curves of the two groups were exactly superimposable and for this long-term analysis all patients have been considered together. The follow-up times range between 84 and 104 months. Actual survival at 7 years is 15% (95% confidence intervals 9-20%), with a stable curve thereafter. Actual probability of continuous complete remission at 7 years is 22% (95% C.I. 13-31%) with a stable curve beyond that point. These findings, similar to those of the few other studies of chemotherapy with comparable follow-up times, suggest that only a small fraction of adult patients become long-term survivors, irrespective of the precise type or amount of antineoplastic agents administered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Bone marrow transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The classic treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) aims at prolonging survival, without attempting to eradicate the disease. CLL commonly affects the elderly, but a small proportion of patients are less than 50 years old. In this age group a novel form of therapy, high-dose chemoradiotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), has been used recently. Review of the literature and the IBMTR data show that 26 patients have received BMT (24 allogeneic, two syngeneic). Patients were predominantly male (20/26) with an age ranging between 21 and 49 years; 18 had advanced disease at BMT and had received multiple courses of chemotherapy to which they were considered refractory. Conditioning consisted of cyclophosphamide and fractionated total body irradiation, plus additional agents in one-third of the patients. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention was variable. Twenty-five patients are evaluable: 12 died of early complication of BMT (GVHD, infection, haemorrhage, etc.) and only two died of CLL. The effect of BMT on the disease was evaluable in 22 patients: 19 achieved a remission, three showed persistent disease and two relapsed; 11 were alive and apparently disease-free, with follow-up between 5 and 48 months. In two of these patients molecular biology studies showed no residual disease. These results indicate that further studies of the use of BMT for selected patients with CLL appear to be justified.

Adult↗