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Biomedical subjects

G Balla

Publications and source records attributed to G Balla.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Controlled trial of D-penicillamine to prevent retinopathy of prematurity.

204 infants with birthweights between 751 and 2000 g and 26-35 weeks gestational age (100 treated and 104 control subjects) were enrolled in a prospective controlled trial of the effectiveness of D-penicillamine (DPA) in the prevention of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The two groups did not differ significantly in gestational age, birth weight, Apgar scores, the time of exposure to oxygen and in the incidence of PDA or in the number of exchange transfusions and RBTs. Of the treated infants 29, and of the control infants 34 died before the tenth week of life. These cases were not included in further analysis. Patients were subsequently examined and assessed by two ophthalmologists independently, who did not know which babies were receiving DPA. Six of the 70 surviving control infants and none of the 71 surviving treated infants had ROP stage II or graver. The results suggested that ROP may effectively be prevented with DPA in very low-birth-weight-infants, and that the drug has no serious adverse effects during the neonatal period.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1985

Factor VIII related antigen in term and preterm newborns with severe neonatal haemorrhage.

Plasma factor VIII related antigen (VIIIR:Ag) concentrations were studied in term and preterm newborn infants. The control population was a group of normal children 2 to 12 years of age without any manifest disorder. The aim of the present investigation was to follow the change of VIIIR:Ag in the newborn and to study its level in sick preterm infants with severe bleeding disease. The VIIIR:Ag level in the control children was 86.2 +/- 20.5%. The lowest concentration was measured in term infants between 48-72 hours of life. The highest VIIIR:Ag level (129.1 +/- 8.1%) was found in those preterm newborns who died of pulmonary and intracranial bleeding in the early neonatal period. VIIIR:Ag is a useful marker of endothelial cell damage in the perinatal period.

Antigens↗
PubMed1985

Plasma hypoxanthine and xanthine levels in the early newborn period in problem-free preterm babies and those with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

The use of hypoxanthine measurements for quantitative monitoring of intrauterine asphyxia is generally accepted. A high level in blood or in CSF is a consequence of tissue hypoxia. Hypoxanthine and xanthine were measured by selective high pressure liquid chromatography in mature newborns, in healthy, symptom-free preterm babies, and in preterm babies affected by idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. The measurements were carried out from peripheral venous blood within three hours after birth and at the age of 48-72 hours. In mature newborns the mean hypoxanthine level was 11.10 mumol/l in the early determinations, and 8.45 mumol/l in the second set of measurements. In unaffected prematures there were significantly higher levels, and the highest values (44.22 +/- 15.13 mumol/l) were encountered in premature babies subsequently dying of severe hypoxia. Xanthine showed a similar course. In addition to establishing normal values for prematures we desired to clarify the changes in the levels of purine metabolites during idiopathic respiratory distress and their prognostic value. Hypoxanthine and xanthine levels were found to be informative in postnatal hypoxia, especially together with other parameters.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1984

Antithrombin III determination by rate (kinetic) nephelometry.

Rate nephelometry immunological antithrombin III determination was elaborated with Beckman Immunochemistry System. The measuring can be carried out within 60 sec from 20 microliters plasma. The results show a close correlation with those of gained by the radial immunodiffusion method (r = 0.91( and by Coatest (Kabi-Ortho) (r = 0.77). Both laser-nephelometric and usual non-nephelometric anti-antithrombin III serum (Behring) may be applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Maturation of the fetal lung II. Effect of hyperoxia on phosphatidic acid phosphatase, pyruvate kinase and superoxide dismutase activity in the newborn rat lung.

Oxygen-induced lung toxicity was studied in newborn rats. Three-day-old rats were exposed to 85-90% oxygen or air for 48 h. The activity of pulmonary antioxidant defenses, as measured by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), showed a progressive increase in activity. The activity of phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAPase) showed a statistically significant decrease in the oxygen-poisoned lung. In the activity of pulmonary pyruvate kinase no significant change occurred. After two days of oxygen exposure (FiO2 085-0.9) marked histological changes appeared including an increased number of interstitial cells, atelectasis, pulmonary oedema, diminution of lamellar content, loose lamellar bodies and increasing tubular myelin in the alveolar space.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Antithrombin III levels in term and preterm infants measured by rate nephelometry.

The plasma antithrombin III level was measured in term and premature newborns within the first 24 h of life; in addition to the authors', own immunological method utilizing rate nephelometry the assays of Laurell and Kabi Coatest were used. Antithrombin III concentration showed a linear correlation with the degree of maturity, in accordance with previous data. The lowest values were found in premature babies affected by idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome who later developed pulmonary haemorrhage. At all gestational ages the antithrombin III functional index was lower than 1.0, indicating antithrombin III consumption. Since both concentration and activity of antithrombin III are low in prematures, they are at an increased risk for coagulopathies, hence substitution therapy is indicated. Measurement of antithrombin III by rate nephelometry can also be used for following changes in inhibitor concentration.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1983

Evolution of serum C3, IgG, IgA and IgM levels of healthy mothers and their mature newborns during the early neonatal period.

Susceptibility to infections is most pronounced during the perinatal period. The main characteristic feature of the clinical course is a proneness to generalisation; this can be attributed to immaturity of the immune system. In addition to a series of laboratory parameters, quick and exact determinations of immunoglobulins and complement fractions repeatedly performed within a short time may be useful in confirming a suspected infection and in following the course of the disease. In order to establish the normal basal levels and the dynamics of changes 30 mothers, all healthy, having no abnormality during pregnancy or shortly after delivery, and their healthy mature neonates were examined for IgG, IgA, IgM and C3 serum levels. These basal values are useful in judging the parameters under pathological conditions.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1980

Experimental data on the prevention of retrolental fibroplasia by D-penicillamine.

Superoxide dismutase activity of alveolar macrophages, lung, liver, retina and choroid has been studied in rats and rabbits exposed to oxygen at high concentration by itself and in combination with D-penicillamine. Prolonged hyperoxia caused an increase in superoxide dismutase activity while D-penicillamine was found to inhibit the inductive effect of oxygen. It is assumed that the antioxidative effect of D-penicillamine makes it unnecessary to augment the production of superoxide dismutase.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Variation in cellular immunity - its bearings on effectiveness of steroids used during labour (author's transl)].

Thirty-five mothers and their newborns were examined for immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone administered during labour (0.5 mg/kg body weight). Decline of both active and total t-cells was recorded from the mothers (p < 0.5; p < 0.01). No deviation was recordable from b-cells. The ratio of t-cells, b-cells, and O-cells in premature and full-term newborns was reduced to something below the values obtained from control groups. The difference, however, was not significant.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

Cellular esterase activity: estimation by fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis.

Quantitative estimation of cellular esterase activity makes it possible to differentiate cells and cell subpopulations. The fluorescence of fluorescein obtained by hydrolysis from fluorescein diacetate is detected and used for measuring the esterase activity. The method described is suitable for the quantitative determination of esterase activity in human lymphocytes.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

The effect of stimulation of the stellate ganglion on excitability of the heart.

Stimulation of the stellate ganglion leads to a shortening of the effective refractory period of the heart, while the electrical systole duration decreases in normal heart condition only secondarily in consequence of the increase in heart rate. In myocardial focal ischaemia stellate ganglion stimulation leads to an increase in the electrical systole time, the refractory period of the heart significantly shortens and the repolarization of the heart becomes inhomogenous. Consequently, the arrhythmogenic effect of a sympathetic excitation manifests itself mainly in myocardial ischaemia.

Animals↗