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Biomedical subjects

G Baldini

Publications and source records attributed to G Baldini.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Enhancement of adriamycin toxicity by carboxymethylcellulose in mice.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (1% in 0.9% NaCl, 0.2 ml/10 g ip) a common suspending agent, enhanced adriamycin (ADR) (15 mg/kg ip) toxicity when administered to mice 5 hr before the antibiotic. Compared with ADR alone, this combination treatment produced, after 7 days, an increase in lethality from 15 to 80%. The pathologic analysis of hearts, livers, kidneys, and small bowels was performed, revealing an increase in the incidence and severity of hepatic damage in mice receiving ADR + CMC. Furthermore, reduced glutathione (GSH) was measured in livers of all mice; the animals treated with CMC and ADR + CMC showed a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction of hepatic GSH in comparison with controls and ADR-alone-treated animals. These data further confirm a crucial protective role for GSH in ADR toxicity and prove that CMC exerts an important biochemical effect on hepatic GSH.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Reconstitution in vitro of sulfobromophthalein transport by bilitranslocase.

Liposomes containing 150 mM KCl and 0.48 mM sulfobromophthalein have been prepared. The internal pH was set at 6.5, a value at which sulfobromopthalein is colorless. When brought to alkaline pH a certain amount of the dye is deprotonated and can be read spectrophotometrically as external sulfobromophthalein. Upon addition of Triton X-100 the membrane is dissolved and all sulfobromophthalein present in the preparation may be measured. Addition of bilitranslocase to such a preparation of liposomes causes the internal sulfobromophthalein to leave the internal compartment. The rate of this phenomenon may be followed directly and shown to be greatly accelerated by the addition of valinomycin. The latter finding indicates that sulfobromophthalein transport occurs in response to a membrane diffusion potential created by permeabilisation to K+ of liposomes brought about by valinomycin (uniport). The permeability change induced by bilitranslocase is specific and does not reflect an alteration of the normal impermeability of liposomes to small ions such as protons or Ca2+.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Influence of arch shape on the transverse effects of transpalatal arches of the Goshgarian type during application of buccal root torque.

Previous studies reveal that the application of buccal root torque to upper molars by means of a transpalatal arch without appropriate adjustments of the arch width can produce, initially, an adverse buccal tipping of the molar crowns. Clinical observation suggests that the amount of this buccal crown tipping depends on the arch form of the palatal bar. In order to determine the influence of the arch width and height, an in vitro experiment was performed on the forces and moments produced by transpalatal arches of the Golshgarian type when symmetrical buccal root torque was applied. The torque moments and expansive lateral forces developed by nine different arch forms of varying height and width were measured and the corresponding moment-to-force ratios were calculated at three different torque levels. It was found that the moment-to-force ratio acting on the upper molars depended mainly on the amount of torque applied and the arch height. This indicates that when low palatal bars are used, the application of buccal root torque of clinically relevant amounts leads to an initial buccal crown tipping, whereas the same amounts of torque, when applied by means of high arches, bring about an initial buccal root tipping. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of erythromycin, amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients.

An open comparative study was carried out in 56 paediatric patients with acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections to assess the efficacy and tolerance of treatment with erythromycin, amoxicillin or co-trimoxazole. Patients were treated with the standard recommended doses for 7 to 10 days. Diagnoses included otitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, epiglottiditis, pertussis, scarlet fever and bronchitis and, when possible, pathogens were isolated and identified at the initial visit. The clinical findings showed that all three treatment resulted in statistically significant decreases in final mean values for temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate. Twenty of the patients with positive cultures on entry became negative by the end of treatment. No clinical side-effects, were reported with any of the treatments. Overall assessment of response and acceptability of treatment by physician and patient/parent indicated that erythromycin was at least equally as effective as the other two drugs in treating common respiratory diseases found in paediatric practice.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Fluorescence-determined preferential binding of quinacrine to DNA.

Quinacrine complexes with native DNA (Calf thymus, Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Colstridium perfringens) and synthetic polynucleotides (poly(dA) . poly(dT), poly[d(A-T)] . poly[d(A-T)], poly(dG) . poly(dC) and poly[d(G-C)] . poly[d(G-C)]) has been investigated in solution at 0.1 M NaCl, 0.05 M Tris HCl, 0.001 M EDTA, pH 7.5, at 20 degrees C. Fluorescence excitation spectra of complexes with dye concentration D = 5-30 microM and DNA phosphate concentration P = 400 microM have been examined from 300 to 500 nm, while collecting the emission above 520 nm. The amounts of free and bound quinacrine in the dye-DNA complexes have been determined by means of equilibrium dialysis experiments. Different affinities have been found for the various DNAs and their values have been examined with a model that assumes that the binding constants associated with alternating purine and pyrimidine sequences are larger than those relative to nonalternating ones. Among the alternating nearest neighbor base sequences, the Pyr(3'-5')Pur sequences, i.e., C-G, T-G, C-A and T-A seem to bind quinacrine stronger than the remaining sequences. In particular the three sites, where a G . C base pair is involved, are found to display higher affinities. Good agreement is found with recent calculations on the energetics of intercalation sites in DNA. The analysis of the equilibrium shows also that the strength of the excitation spectrum of bound dye depends strongly upon the ratio of bound quinacrine to DNA. This effect can be attributed to dye-dye energy transfer along DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Bilateral buccolingual forces produced by extraoral traction.

Extraoral appliances have been typically employed to deliver force systems to move teeth in directions parallel to the sagittal plane of the face. Their potential for concurrently producing transverse (buccal or lingual) movement has still not been fully explored. This study considers theoretical and experimental aspects of the magnitude and direction of such forces and related moments.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗