Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Bäcker

Publications and source records attributed to G Bäcker.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Pension insurance and intergenerational justice following pension reform].

Against the background of the demographic development, the question is whether an old age income security system which is based on the pay-as-you-go principle is still in accordance with the principle of intergenerational solidarity. The article examines significant dimensions of a fair distribution of income between different generations and asks for the respective implications of the German pension reform 2001. The article finishes by concluding that even an old age income security system on a private basis which is based on the capital stock system cannot prevent future cohorts of younger generations from having a higher burden.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Acupuncture inhibits vagal gastric acid secretion stimulated by sham feeding in healthy subjects.

In a prospective randomised study, the effect of acupuncture on sham feeding stimulated gastric acid secretion was investigated. In eight healthy volunteers (five men, three women, mean (SEM) age 26.3 (4.7) years) various methods of acupuncture were performed. Apart from the sham procedure, the acupuncture was performed at the classic acupuncture points. Electroacupuncture reduced gastric acid secretion expressed as median (range) significantly during the first 30 minute period to 1.6 (0-5.2) mmol compared with 3.8 (2.3-14.5) mmol (p < 0.05) during control period (sham feeding without acupuncture). Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by electroacupuncture was also significant during the second 30 minute period (0.2 (0-5.6) v 3.6 (0.3-9.1) mmol; p < 0.05) and for peak acid output (0.8 (0.2-5.1) v 7.6 (3.4-12.1) mmol; p < 0.05). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation also resulted in significant reduction of gastric acid secretion during the first 30 minute period (1.0 (0-3.6) mmol v 3.8 (2.3-14.5) mmol; p < 0.05), and peak acid output (3.6 (1.2-12.0) v 7.6 (3.4-12.1) mmol; p < 0.05). The classic needle acupuncture, laser acupuncture, and sham acupuncture had no significant effect on gastric acid secretion. This study shows firstly that in healthy volunteers, only the versions of acupuncture using more pronounced stimulation (electroacupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation), but not those with only mild stimulation of the nerves (classic needle acupuncture, laser acupuncture), and secondly only acupuncture performed at defined points lead to significant reduction in gastric acid secretion.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1979

In vitro studies on GABA release.

1 Recent studies have demonstrated growing evidence for a primary action of the benzodiazepines on gabaminergic neurones which induces a facilitation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated neurotransmission. As enhancement of GABA release has been suggested to account for their activation of GABA mechanisms, the effect of diazepam and clobazam, and of several other psychotropic drugs, on stimulated GABA release have been studied. 2 Using rat brain cortex slices saturated with [3H]-GABA, the electrically stimulated overflow of GABA is reduced in a concentration-dependent manner in the presence of both diazepam and clobazam. 3 The benzodiazepine-induced reduction in GABA overflow during electrical stimulation is antagonized by the GABA receptor blocker bicuculline, whereas bicuculline alone at 10(-6) M concentration does not change the overflow. 4 Among some other centrally active drugs tested, hexobarbitone and the 'second messenger; cyclic GMP also induce a significant but less marked reduction in GABA release. 5 A schematic model of a central gabaminergic synapse is proposed, which may explain the benzodiazepine effects on stimulated GABA release by suggesting an inhibitory feedback control of transmitter release mediated by presynaptic GABA receptors ('autoreceptors').

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Working conditions and job-requirement of older industrial blue collar workers and the consequences in employment problems (author's transl)].

In the following passage the reduced vocational capacity of older workers will be discussed as a consequence of the intended high-capacity of workers as well as the non--human working--conditions in industry. The reduced personal sanity and working capacity of older workers point out the high rate of handicaps and the incapacity of vocational engagement. Problems of employment--and this could be pointed out by the high rates of unemployment amongst older workers--does not signify prejudice but indicates the low profitableness of older workers in the capitalistic production system. Finally discussed will be the contribution of a monetary--conpensatoric against a more prophylactic social policy for a better solution of the vocational problems of older blue-collar workers.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Studies on brain metabolism of biogenic amines.

1. In vitro models (synaptosones, electrically stimulated brain slices and monoamine oxidase (MAO) preparations have been used to identify the sites of action of nomifensine on brain monoamine metabolism. 2. Nomifensine potentiates neurotransmission in noradrenergic and dopaminergic synapses by blocking catecholamine uptake. 3. Nomifensine does not inhibit MAO and does not enhance the release of biogenic amines. 4. Studies on electrically stimulated brain slices suggest that nomifensine does not directly stimulate dopamine (DA) nor noradrenaline (NA) receptor sites. 5. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake is not inhibited at "therapeutic" concentrations of nomifensine. 6. Nomifensine differs from the tricyclic antidepressants by virtue of its effect on the dopaminergic system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Demographic change, job market development and employment perspectives of elderly workers].

Demographic change will also have a strong influence on the labor market. The rate of younger employees is decreasing and the average age of the workforce is increasing. This does not imply, however, that the chances for older employees in the labor market will improve or that their working-life will be prolonged. As long as the labor market situation is difficult, the trend towards early retirement cannot be reversed. An increase in unemployment figures would be the consequence. But since employers will have to rely on the productivity of older employees after the turn of the millenium, action has to be undertaken now to promote the employment-related opportunities of older persons. Flexible working time arrangements and part-time work for older employees in particular could be good measures to increase the retirement age and to reduce working time in total.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Part time work instead of early retirement: successful breakthrough for flexible and later retirement?].

In order to stop the trend towards early retirement in Germany a law to promote partial retirement recently has been passed by parliament. Concerning the impact on the labour market the raising of the pension age for older unemployed which is fixed in this law has to be seen as contraproductive and it will deteriorate the financial situation of unemployed older workers. Concerning the implementation of partial-retirement as such, there are momentous obstacles to realize part-time working arrangements in practice: the insufficient financial compensation for older workers and the obligation for employers to hire unemployed workers. Supplementary collective agreements are seen to be necessary to establish part-time work for older workers.

Aged↗