Biomedical subjects
G B Smith
Publications and source records attributed to G B Smith.
Extensive spread of local anaesthetic solution following subdural insertion of an epidural catheter during labour.
A case is described where a small dose of bupivacaine was accidentally injected into the subdural, extra-arachnoid space resulting in extensive unilateral block and hypotension. The spread of solution was confirmed radiologically.
Anaesthesia and severe skin disease.
A review of the anaesthetic management of severe skin disease is presented. Erythroderma, urticaria pigmentosa, hereditary angioedema, epidermolysis bullosa, pemphigus, pemphigoid, the Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Behcet's syndrome, scleroderma, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and congenital anhidrotic ectodermal defect are discussed.
A subcutaneous tunnelling device for central venous catheters.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Therapeutic uses of androgenic agents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Patient controlled analgesia following myocardial infarction.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Influence of lectins, hexoses, and neuraminidase on the association of purified elementary bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis UW-31 with HeLa cells.
Using highly purified elementary bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis UW-31 (serotype K), we found that HeLa 229 monolayer cultures bound more 32P-labeled chlamydiae after pretreatment with the lectin wheat germ agglutinin. The lectin, on the other hand, inhibited competitively when chlamydial association was assayed in the presence of polycations. The two effects of wheat germ agglutinin were abolished when N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc)- or N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-preincubated wheat germ agglutinin was used. Brief exposure of HeLa cells to neuraminidase abolished the ability to bind the elementary bodies, whether or not polycations were present. Furthermore, at 5 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C, NeuNAc, GlcNAc and N-acetylgalactosamine inhibited chlamydial association only in the absence of the polycation DEAE-dextran. The results suggest that NeuNAc residues on the plasma membrane are the principal, but not the only, receptors for this strain of C. trachomatis.
Ethamsylate in vaginal surgery under lumbar epidural anaesthesia.
Sixty patients scheduled for vaginal surgery under lumbar epidural block were randomly allocated into two groups, one of which received ethamsylate intravenously prior to induction of anaesthesia. Ethamsylate did not reduce the blood loss at operation in these patients. The possible factors underlying this observation are discussed.
Arm crank vs handrim wheelchair propulsion: metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses.
The handrim propulsion system of most manual wheelchairs has been shown to be inefficient and stressful to the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Arm crank propulsion has been suggested to reduce these stresses. In order to compare conventional handrim wheelchair propulsion to arm crank type wheelchair propulsion, 16 volunteers (9 able-bodied, 7 wheelchair-dependent) operated both wheelchairs over level tiled and carpeted test courses at 3km.hr-1. The arm crank propelled wheelchair was operated in 3 gear ratios: low, medium and high. Exercise bouts were 5 minutes in duration. During the final minute of each test, oxygen uptake (VO2), net locomotive energy cost (NLEC), pulmonary ventilation (VE) and heart rate (HR) were monitored. Subjects exhibited significantly lower magnitude of these physiologic responses during arm crank wheelchair propulsion relative to handrim wheelchair propulsion for all gear drive ratios. Average percent differences were 30% and 32% for VO2; 50% and 50% for NLEC; 27% and 34% for VE; and 16% and 19% for HR on the tiled and carpeted test surfaces, respectively. From these data we conclude that arm crank wheelchair propulsion is less strenuous than conventional handrim wheelchair propulsion and that arm crank propulsion systems should be considered as a possible means to improve wheelchair design.
Comparison of the effects of Org NC 45 and pancuronium bromide on heart rate and arterial pressure in anaesthetized man.
The effects of Org NC 45 and pancuronium bromide on heart rate and arterial pressure were studied in anaesthetized man. A bolus of either Org NC 45 0.1 mg kg-1 or pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1 was administered to lightly anaesthetized unstimulated subjects. Following Org NC 45 heart rate decreased in the majority of subjects (mean and SEM 3.78 +/- 1.36), whereas after pancuronium heart rate was increased (mean and SEM 11.91 +/- 1.9). The changes in mean arterial pressure observed were minimal. The effect of endotracheal intubation on mean arterial pressure was then studied. Increase of mean arterial pressure was observed in all subjects. The increase was more marked in those patients who had received pancuronium and was significantly higher than in those patients who had received Org NC 45 (P less than 0.01). We conclude that Org NC 45 is devoid of vagal blocking action, and that the difference in response to the stimulus of endotracheal intubation is a result of the different effects exerted on the sympathetic nervous system by Org NC 45 and pancuronium.
Pharmacist participation in a multidisciplinary, community health-education project.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Stability of N-formimidoylthienamycin in aqueous solution.
The stability of N-formimidoylthienamycin in aqueous solution at 25 and 40 degrees was determined. In pH 5-8 nonnucleophilic inert buffers, pseudo-first-order ring opening was observed with dilute solutions (1 or 2 mg/ml initially). At higher initial concentrations, a second-order reaction also was evident. The rate data were compared with literature data for various cephalosporins and penicillins.
Cardiovascular changes during controlled blood loss and replacement.
Changes in central venous pressure, systolic arterial pressure and pulse rate were recorded in 31 patients undergoing surgery involving withdrawal of 1 litre of blood and subsequent transfusion. Central venous pressure gave immediate and consistent indications of blood loss and replacement but blood volume changes could not be correlated numerically with central venous pressure. No difference was found between patients anaesthetised using spontaneous ventilation with halothane and intermittent positive pressure ventilation.
A hazard of Swan-Ganz catheterisation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Anaesthetic techniques for orbital surgery: controlled hypotension.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Studies on the transfer of steroid hormones across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in the rhesus monkey. II.
The movement of progesterone (P), cortisol (F) and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier was determined using six adult male rhesus monkeys with indwelling canulae in the lateral ventricles of their brains. Tritiated steroids were given iv as a bolus followed by a constant 6 h infusion with continuous collection of CSF and periodic sampling of blood before and during the infusion. The amounts of authentic steroid in the plasma and CSF were determined by recrystallization to constant isotopic ratio and the amount of free plasma steroid was determined by equilibrium dialysis against Ringer's solution. Tritiated progesterone was undetectable in the pooled samples of CSF. The average concentration of tritiated 17-OHP in the CSF was 10.3% of the concurrent plasma level while the concentration of tritiated F was 22.5% of the concurrent plasma level. Plasma free steroid was found to be 2.2% for P, 6.3% for 17-OHP and 22.3% for F, showing a rough correlation between steroid entry into the CSF and free steroid concentration in plasma.
The 1971 red tide and its impact on certain reef communities in the mid-eastern Gulf of Mexico.
Effects of the 1971 spring-summer red tide upon mid-eastern Gulf of Mexico patch reef communities are discussed. In situ (SCUBA) observations at widely scattered reef localities between 13-30 m off Sarasota, Florida, both before and after the red tide support the following: 1) under the appropriate environmental conditions, red tides may result in near-complete extirpations of shallow-water (less than 40 m) reef biotas from extensive areas on the inner central-West Florida Shelf), 2) recolonization by certain biotic groups is relatively rapid (e.g., benthic algae and fishes) while that of others (e.g., alcyonarian corals, scleractinian corals, and echinoderms) is slow and may require several years, and 3) seasonal progression as well as true ecological succession following certain red tides may temporarily result in floral and faunal assemblages qualitatively and quantitatively distinctive from those prior to the red tide. It is therefore suggested that certain red tides, particularly those generated beneath pronounced thermoclines, may be previously underestimated phenomena regulating the composition, abundance, and distribution of shallow-water reef biotas in the mid-eastern Gulf of Mexico. It is surmised that the periodic occurrence of these red tides may prevent the evolution of a climax or equilibrium reef community.
Kinetics of equilibration of bisulfite and dexamethasone-21-phosphate in aqueous solution.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.