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Biomedical subjects

G B Schumann

Publications and source records attributed to G B Schumann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Acute leukemic infiltration of the vitreous diagnosed by pars plana aspiration.

A 30-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, null cell, L2 type developed a unilateral dense cellular vitreous infiltrate while in apparent remission. Cytopathologic examination of material aspirated from the vitreous established the diagnosis of lymphoblastic infiltration. Prompt radiotherapy and chemotherapy rapidly reduced the vitreous infiltration and cleared cells from the cerebrospiral fluid. Intraocular involvement by the leukemic process was the initial sign of central nervous system involvement. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia should be added to the list of lymphoproliferative disorders capable of vitreous infiltration, and which can be identified by vitreous aspiration and cytopathologic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Inclusion-bearing cells in industrial workers exposed to lead.

Histochemical and microscopic studies have shown that a characteristic renal response to lead exposure is the formation of discrete, dense, staining intranuclear inclusion bodies in renal tubular epithelial cells. Cytologic examination of urinary sediment showed that four of 19 (21%) lead workers had exfoliated inclusion-bearing cells of proximal renal tubular origin. These lead-induced inclusion-bearing cells appeared distinctly different from viral-induced inclusions, degenerative or nonspecific intranuclear inclusions seen with tubular necrosis, or macronucleoli seen in reparative renal tubular epithelium. While their presence indicates cytologic evidence of tubular injury, the clinical significance of these cells and their application to medical monitoring is not clearly understood.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Eye cytology.

Scrapings of the conjunctiva should be obtained as part of the evaluation of the inflamed eye. Conjunctival specimens are obtained by a simple technique using readily available materials. Anesthesia is usually not required. Viral or fungal elements, as well as bacteria, can be identified. Cytologic studies reveal the character of exudates and premalignant or malignant lesions. Adenovirus and herpes simplex produce characteristic cellular changes and inclusion bodies.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMed1980

Urine cytology. Part II: renal cytology.

Properly collected urine samples examined by qualified cytologists can aid in the diagnosis and management of various infectious and inflammatory renal parenchymal diseases. Patients with proteinuria, hematuria or bacteriuria will benefit most from renal cytologic examination. Exfoliative cells from renal parenchymal tumors often do not communicate with the collecting system. Some disseminated neoplasms, such as lymphoma or myeloma, can be diagnosed and followed by cytologic study.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

Urine cytology. Part I: urinary tract cytology.

Urinary tract cytology is an excellent means of detecting urinary tract neoplasia. It is not a good localizing technique but is an exceptionally useful diagnostic tool for monitoring high-risk patients. The closer the lesion is to the collecting point, the higher the degree of diagnostic accuracy. Thus, cells from a bladder cancer are more frequently seen than malignant cells from the ureter or renal pelvis. Properly collected urine specimens examined by qualified cytologists can also aid in the diagnosis of infections and inflammatory diseases.

Epithelial Cells↗
PubMed1980

Fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Fine-needle aspiration is a rapid, safe and accurate technique for diagnosing a variety of radiologically evident or palpable lesions. Cellular material is obtained from suspicious areas with an 18- to 23-gauge needle. The technique can be applied to lesions of the breast, prostate, thyroid and subcutaneous tissue, as well as to many pulmonary and intra-abdominal lesions.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Usefulness of macroscopic urinalysis as a screening procedure. A preliminary report.

The macroscopic examination (physicochemical testing) is a sufficient laboratory screening procedure for routine urinalyses when accurately assessed. Only in those patients for whom routine urine specimens are macroscopically positive or in symptomatic patients with or without known renal or urinary-tract disease should a microscopic examination be necessary. Results of this study of more than 900 consecutive routinely screened urine specimens indicate that there is less than a 3% diagnostic yield when the urine sediment is examined after a negative macroscopic examination.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1979

Sputum cytology.

The primary purpose of sputum cytology is to detect preinvasive and invasive malignancy. Candidates for the screening procedure include long-time smokers with productive cough, patients chronically exposed to asbestos, patients with hemoptysis, persistent cough and/or weight loss, and asymptomatic patients with x-ray lesions or unexplained pleural effusions. The procedure is inexpensive and highly diagnostic. Five consecutive specimens produced by deep coughing are required for adequate evaluation.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

An improved technic for examining urinary casts and a review of their significance.

Casts represent an important, diagnostic component of urinary sediment, and may signal renal parenchymal disease in asymptomatic individuals. Accurate, precise identification of certain casts may be difficult due to poor visualization by current technics. Casts from freshly voided urine specimens, cytocentrifuged and stained by the Papanicolaou method, can be visualized optimally from permanent slide preparations. The genesis of these casts and their diagnostic potential related to renal disease and acute renal allograft rejection are discussed.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1978

Gynecologic cytology.

Cervical Pap smears should be initiated at the time a woman becomes sexually active or by 21 years of age. Additional sites for obtaining specimens include the vulva, vaginal wall, vaginal pool, cervix and endometrium, each serving a specific purpose. The primary use of vaginal pool cytology is to detect an abnormal endometrium or an extrauterine malignancy. Meticulous technique and knowledge of the types of yield from specific sites are required in order to obtain accurate cytologic information.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Urinary cytodiagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection using the cytocentrifuge.

The clinical diagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection in immunosuppressed recipients can often be predicted or confirmed on the basis of characteristic urinary cytologic findings. Use of cytocentrifugation permits a simple, rapid, reproducible and semiquantitative means of preparing cytologic urinary specimens of diagnostic quality from small quantities of urine. The cytodiagnosis of acute renal rejection was established before or on the same day a clinical diagnosis of rejection was made in the majority of renal transplant cases studied over a 12-month period. Renal tubular cells were found to be the exfoliated cells of greatest value in predicting an acute rejection episode, and their persistence has prognostic importance.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1977

Differentiation of renal tubular epithelium in renal transplantation cytology.

Increased numbers of renal tubular epithelial cells are present in the urinary sediments of renal transplant recipients during acute rejection. Few investigators have described characteristics of renal tubular epithelial cells in cytologic preparations. This study compiles morphologic characteristics of various tubular epithelial cells and determines the type of the tubular cells present during acute allograft rejection. The results demonstrate that cuboidal forms from the small collecting ducts are the predominent tubular epithelial cells exfoliated in voided urine during acute allograft rejection.

Epithelial Cells↗
PubMed1976

Ultraviolet spectrophotometric analysis of barbiturates. Current assessment as an emergency screening procedure.

Several laboratory methods are currently available for the detection of barbiturates, but few are suitable for emergency use, The authors evaluated use of an ultraviolet spectrophotometric method as a screening procedure and compared the results with results obtained by other barbiturate methods (colorimetric, gas-liquid chromatographic, and immunochemical), Procedure time was approximately 40 minutes, sensitivity 0.2 mg/dl, precision (coefficient of variation) 5.4%, recovery 97.8% for phenobarbital, and there was good correlation with results obtained by gas-liquid chromatography and the EMIT system for phenobarbital. The authors recommend ultraviolet spectrophotometry as an excellent screening procedure for assessing the severity of barbiturate intoxication.

Barbiturates↗
PubMed1976

Prostatic acid phosphatase. Current assessment in vaginal fluid of alleged rape victims.

Although elevated prostatic acid phosphatase activity (ACP) in vaginal fluid is compatible with recent coitus, the finding of spermatozoa in vaginal fluid is usually considered the diagnostic indicator for semen. When 80 alleged rape cases during an 18-month period were reviewed and the results of cytologic examination for the presence of spermatozoa compared with quantitative ACP determinations, the latter appeared to be a more reliable and sensitive indicator of semen. The normal range of ACP in semen, as well as persistence of ACP in vaginal fluid, was also defined. It is concluded that vaginal fluid ACP is a reliable and sensitive method for identification of semen. Furthermore, the results confirm that quantitative ACP determination of vaginal fluid specimens may substantiate the allegation of rape with respect to time.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical utility of body fluid analyses: an overview.

OBJECTIVE: To assess new laboratory procedures for testing body cavity fluids from minor sites such as amniotic fluid, saliva, and synovial fluids, as well as major sites such as pleural, pericardial, peritoneal, and cerebrospinal fluids. DATA SOURCES: Recent professional literature. STUDY SELECTION: Not specified. DATA EXTRACTION: Survey of literature. DATA SYNTHESIS: Normal values for fluids in major body sites are given; causes of abnormalities include inflammation, infection, and neoplastic conditions. Clinical value of newer amniotic fluid tests for fetal lung material and other ancillary tests using synovial fluid, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of metabolic disorders is assessed. CONCLUSION: Clinical laboratories will require a clear demonstration of that value before putting the tests into widespread use; data must show that tests are less expensive, more informative, and safer than the old ones.

Body Fluids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the cytocentrifuge for the detection of cytomegalovirus inclusions in the urine of renal allograft patients. A case roport.

The cytodiagnosis of virus infected cells in the urine of immunosuppressed patients is a new and important aspect of exfoliative cytology. A case report is presented which demonstrates the detection of diagnostic viral inclusions in a renal allograft recipient with CID. Diagnostic cells with good cytologic detail are observed using a Cytocentrifuge technique.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the pick-and-smear and Saccomanno methods for sputum cytologic analysis.

The two methods of preparing sputum specimens for cytologic study, the (fresh) pick-and-smear technique and the (blended) Saccomanno technique, were compared using 249 consecutive specimens. Two slides were prepared for each specimen by each technique. Of the specimens, 103 showed squamous metaplasia, carcinoma in situ or carcinoma. A semiquantitative rating system (0 to 4+) was used to determine the number of diagnostic cells for each method for those 103 cases. More diagnostic cells were found on the Saccomanno preparations (217) than on the fresh preparations (154). There were 121 diagnostic cells in the Saccomanno preparations versus 95 diagnostic cells in the fresh preparations from 63 squamous metaplasias; 7 versus 3 for the preparations from 5 carcinomas in situ; 64 versus 42 from 28 squamous cell carcinomas; 3 versus 1 from 1 large cell undiffernomas; and 12 diagnostic cells in Saccomanno preparations versus 5 in fresh preparations from 3 small cell cancers. Twelve squamous metaplasias, two carcinomas in situ, four squamous carcinomas, one adenocarcinoma and one small cell cancer had no diagnostic cells on the fresh preparations; four squamous metaplasias and one squamous carcinoma had no diagnostic cells on the Saccomanno preparations. More diagnostic information and fewer false-negative results were achieved with the Saccomanno technique.

Adenocarcinoma↗