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Biomedical subjects

G B Ong

Publications and source records attributed to G B Ong.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

New abdominal retractor for exposure of subphrenic region.

A new abdominal retractor for good exposure of the subphrenic space is described. It can be used either with subcostal incision for extensive hepatic resection or with upper midline incision for total gastrectomy. Because of the centrally placed winch and simple design, it withstands strong pulling and is very reliable. In more than 100 laparotomies done, the retractor was used in extensive hepatic resection or total gastrectomy without complications.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1986

Hepatolithiasis in East Asia. Retrospective study.

Hepatolithiasis is a major disease in Asia but differences in operative incidence between countries have not been examined. A retrospective study was conducted in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, and the results were compared with those in Japan with the aim of defining factors involved in the etiology of the condition. In order to ensure uniformity of the data collected, the same form was used throughout the study and was completed by the same personnel after reviewing the patient's record and radiographs in each case. The years 1976-1980 were chosen for the study, since the newer methods of diagnosis such as ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography became available during that period. The most significant finding was the difference in the relative prevalence of hepatolithiasis as a proportion of all gallstone cases in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, where the majority of the population consisted of patients of Chinese descent. The highest prevalence, 53.5%, was found in Taiwan, while in Hong Kong it was 3.1% and in Singapore 1.7%. Environmental rather than ethnic factors are implicated in the cause of hepatolithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pyloric function five to eleven years after Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy.

Pyloric function after Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy was assessed in seven patients aged five to eleven years and compared to that in sixteen normal children. Gastric emptying (T 1/2) of liquid, as measured by the double sampling test, was faster in patients than in normal children. Duodenal reflux was calculated from the sodium content in gastric aspirates. At rest, it was greater in patients than in normal children. In the poststimulatory state, there was no difference. Gastric acid secretion was similar in both groups. Rapid gastric emptying might explain the high incidence of peptic ulcer reported in several series of long-term follow-up patients. Increased duodenal reflux at rest might account for a similar increased incidence in gastritis and dyspepsia.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Recovery of malignant tumor cells from the right atrium during hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Tumor cells were recovered from the right atrium in three of five patients during hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanical factors during blunt mobilization and rotation of the hepatic tumor appeared to be responsible for tumor dislodgement into the venous circulation. Tumor embolization to the lungs may be one of the important reasons for the poor results of surgery in this disease. Two possible technical and therapeutic modifications are suggested to prevent or neutralize this phenomenon.

Blood↗
PubMed1983

Effects of gastrocystoplasty on serum gastrin levels and gastric acid secretion.

Hypersecretion of gastric acid and hypergastrinaemia occur when the antrum of the stomach is transposed as a diverticulum to the colon. Thus, when an antral pouch is transposed to increase bladder capacity or to replace the bladder as a gastrocystoplasty, similar pathophysiological disturbances can be anticipated. However, previous studies in our laboratories in dogs have shown that acid overproduction and stomal ulcerations do not occur. This paper reports the results of gastrocystoplasty in 13 patients followed up from 1 to 6 years. Gastric acid hypersecretion and hypergastrinaemia did not occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Acute subdural haematoma: better results with neurosurgeons than general surgeons.

During an eleven year period, 123 patients with acute subdural haematoma were treated in our unit. The first 63 patients were managed by general surgeons with a mortality rate of 80.9 per cent. Good recovery among survivors was 4.7 per cent. The subsequent 60 patients were managed by neurosurgeons. The mortality rate then dropped to 60 per cent and the rate of good recovery rose to 21.6 per cent. This improvement in outcome is statistically significant (P less than 0.02 and P less than 0.05 respectively). Early operation plus thorough evacuation of haematoma by craniectomy or craniotomy were the main factors found responsible for the improvement.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Percutaneous sump drainage: a palliation for oft-recurring intracranial cystic lesions.

Eleven cystic lesions comprising four craniopharyngiomas, six astrocytomas, and one pinealoma, which at operation were presumed to be unamenable to radical excision, were treated by partial resection, insertion of a sump drainage, and postoperative radiotherapy. As a consequence of this relatively simple operative procedure there were no serious complications, and every patient recovered fully from preoperative neurologic deficit. Whenever the symptoms recurred the subcutaneous reservoir provided a readily available access for needle puncture to relieve the raised intracranial pressure. On each occasion, after aspiration of the accumulated cyst fluid, each patient showed marked improvement within 48 hours. Pertinent literature is reviewed and possible other applications of sump drainage are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Proximal gastric vagotomy, truncal vagotomy with drainage, and truncal vagotomy with antrectomy for chronic duodenal ulcer. A prospective, randomized controlled trial.

The relative merits of proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV), truncal vagotomy with drainage (TV + D), and truncal vagotomy with antrectomy (TV + A) in the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer were evaluated and compared in 152 patients in a prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial. One death occurred after TV + A, resulting in an operative mortality of 2% after gastrectomy and 0.7% for the entire series. After one to six years, stomal and duodenal ulcers proven by endoscopy occurred in eight patients after PGV (16%) and in six patients after TV + D (11.8%); the difference was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.5). One additional patient developed a gastric ulcer nine months after PGV. There was so far no ulcer recurrence after TV + A. Majority (13 patients) of the recurrent ulcers were discovered within three years after surgery. Patients after PGV experienced significantly less unwanted side effects than those after either TV + D or TV + A; particularly, dumping, epigastric fullness, and diarrhea. When the functional status was graded according to a modified Visick system that excluded ulcer recurrence, significantly more PGV patients were placed in the near-perfect grade (82.1%) than TV + A patients (58%). Patients after TV + D fared better than patients after TV + A; but the differences were not significant. However, when ulcer recurrence was included in the functional assessment, the advantage of PGV was lost.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1983

Surgical management of benign oesophago-pleural fistula.

Three cases of oesophago-pleural fistula are presented. Two resulted from foreign body perforation of the oesophagus and one followed left lower lobectomy for bronchiectasis. All three presented late; the time lapse ranged from 6 days to 2 months. An initial course of conservative treatment was given to all three patients. Alimentation via nasogastric tube feeding, gastrostomy or total parenteral nutrition was carried out. The pleural fluid grew the anaerobe, Bacteriodies melaninogenicus, in all three cases. Gram-negative aerobes, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, were also cultured. Closed intercostal drainage and a course of appropriate antibiotics were instituted. The patients were subjected to surgery after the infection had been brought under control. Simple repair was performed in two patients. Exclusion of the oesophageal leak with drainage and later reconstruction was carried out in the third patient. Although all three patients recovered, the morbidity was considerable. The duration of hospital stay ranged from 2 to 4 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Analysis of mortality of extradural haematoma in a general surgical unit.

Extradural haematoma complicating head injury still has a formidable mortality despite recent advances in neurological surgery. The experience of 60 cases of extradural haematoma treated in a general surgical unit was reviewed retrospectively. The mortality was 35%. Analysis of the 21 deaths showed that 13 (62%) of them were possibly avoidable. Lack of index of suspicion, delay in instituting surgical treatment and inadequate surgical intervention were the main causes of the avoidable mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Biliary atresia before and after the introduction of the Kasai-type procedure.

The apparent cure rate of infants with biliary atresia is compared before and after the introduction of the Kasai-type procedure. While the operation has been criticized for many of its postoperative problems, it still compares favourably in terms of the apparent cure rate, i.e. an improvement from 4.5% to 35.3%.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1983

Disseminated tuberculosis in a renal transplant recipient.

A case of disseminated tuberculosis in a renal transplant recipient is presented. Tuberculosis can occur in the early postoperative period and is potentially curable. It should be vigilantly looked for in every case of post-transplant infection.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Tracheostome construction during laryngectomy--a method to prevent stenosis.

A new technique for construction of the tracheostome at the time of total laryngectomy is described. It involves making an X-shaped incision on the lower skin flap and four slits on the divided trachea. The result is a serrated suture line at the tracheocutaneous junction. The incidence of stenosis in 116 patients who did not have this method of construction was 31%. Sex difference and previous irradiation was not found to be related to the occurrence of stenosis. Of 25 patients who had the new method of tracheostome construction, only one patient had to wear a tube until she died at 7 months. The rest, followed up for at least 9 months, did not have stenosis. It is concluded that this new method of tracheostome construction will reduce the incidence of stenosis.

Female↗