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Biomedical subjects

G B Magill

Publications and source records attributed to G B Magill.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Quantitative scanning of soft-tissue sarcomas with nitrogen-13-labeled L-glutamate.

Nitrogen-13-L-glutamate, a labeled amino acid enzymatically synthesized from cyclotron-produced N-13 ammonia and alpha-ketoglutaric acid, was used as an imaging agent in 14 patients with soft-tissue sarcomas. Concentration of nitrogen-13 label within the sarcoma was seen in 11 of the 14 patients; in some cases, clinically inapparent metastatic tumor lesions could also be detected. In eight patients, the tumor response to chemotherapy was evaluated by serial studies with this agent. In each case, the change in uptake of N-13 label by the sarcoma after therapy paralleled the clinical response to treatment. N-13-labeled L-glutamate may thus be of value as an imaging agent in the management of patients with soft-tissue sarcomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Phase II trial of cisplatin (CPDD) in previously treated patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Thirty-six previously treated adult patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas received CPDD 120 mg/m2 with mannitol diuresis. There were only two (6%) partial responses and five (15%) minor responses in 34 evaluable patients. Toxicity included nausea and vomiting, myelosuppression, mild ototoxicity and mild to moderate, transient nephrotoxicity. CPDD has minimal antitumor activity in previously treated patients with soft tissue sarcomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Combination chemotherapy of advanced sarcomas in adults with "CYOMAD" (S7).

Response rates of metastatic soft part sarcomas to chemotherapy have varied from 27 and 44% for our ALOMAD and OMAD protocols to 46-55% reported for CYVADIC. The present combination, CYOMAD, consists of the induction part of ALOMAD (vincristine, high-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue, Adriamycin and DTIC) alternating with a condensed version of CYVADIC (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and DTIC). Forty-one patients with advanced soft-part sarcomas were entered on the CYOMAD program of whom 36 were considered evaluable. Complete responses (CR) were seen in four patients had partial (PR) in five patients for a major response rate of 25%. Responders had an overall longer survival than nonresponders (20 versus 13 months). Toxicity was substantial with both gastrointestinal side effects and myelosupression common. Possible Adriamycin cardiotoxicity was noted in four patients. Cyomad offered no therapeutic advantage over previous protocols and was even less well tolerated than some.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura: review of 123 patients.

One-hundred-twenty-three cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma were reviewed. Exposure to asbestos or to other industrial dusts or chemicals was an important etiologic factor with 24% of patients relating such a history. A history of prior irradiation or previous lung disease was also occasionally noted. Diagnosis was most often made by exploratory thoracotomy, with pleural biopsy or cytology rarely helpful. Except for nine patients, tumor was confined to the chest at the time of diagnosis, but in 33 of the remaining 114 patients, spread to the abdomen or distant metastasis was seen during the course of disease. Surgery and radiotherapy were ineffective in preventing local recurrence. There were only three major responses to chemotherapy in 111 trials. Median survival was 12 months, and only seven patients (5.6%) lived more than five years. Patients with epithelial mesothelioma and Stage I disease had the most favorable prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Preliminary trial of combination therapy with adriamycin and radiation in sarcomas and other malignant tumors.

Based on reports of synergism between adriamycin and radiation therapy in experimental systems, a trial was initiated testing this combination in 53 adult patients with various advanced malignancies, especially sarcomas. Since studies have suggested as selective sensitization of hypoxic cells when this drug is given prior to radiation, an injection of low-dose adriamycin was given 90 min before radiation. This treatment was repeated every 7 days. The combination was most effective in the 30 patients with soft-tissue sarcomas, with 62% of these patients having partial or complete responses. Responses were less good in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma or with other tumors. The toxicity of the combined treatment was moderate. Further trials of this combination are warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Phase II evaluation of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

A phase II study of m-AMSA in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma was conducted. Twenty-three patients received m-AMSA, 90-120 mg/m2, every 3 weeks. There were no major responses among 20 evaluable patients, although one patient experienced a minor response. Depression of the white blood count was the most prominent toxicity. m-AMSA has little activity in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Phase II trial of methyl-CCNU, vincristine, 5-fluorouracil, and streptozotocin (MOF-Strep) in patients with disseminated pancreatic carcinoma.

A phase II trial of methyl-CCNU, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), vincristine, and streptozotocin (MOF-Strep) was conducted on 20 patients with pancreatic carcinoma. There were two partial remissions (10%) lasting 3 and 10 months. In addition, there were two minor responses. The predominant toxicity was gastrointestinal, although hematologic and renal toxicity were also seen. Since the response rate to MOF-Strep does not appear to exceed that to 5-Fu alone, the usefulness of this combination in patients with pancreatic carcinoma is limited.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Scanning with L-(13 N) glutamate: Assessment of the response to chemotherapy of a patient with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

The use of (13) N-labeled L-glutamate as an imaging agent in a patient with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is described. Localization of (13)N in a large, poorly defined tumor of the left pectoral region was seen, and clinically occult right axilliary metastases were also detected. A marked reduction in uptake in these areas occurred after chemotherapy, paralleling the clinical disappearance of tumor. These changes were verified on gallium scan. (13)N-labeled glutamate may be useful as an imaging agent, especially in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Lymphangiosarcoma.

Forty-four cases of lymphangiosarcoma treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center were reviewed. With the exception of four patients with primary lymphangiosarcoma of the scalp, all patients had had chronic lymphedema of the involved limb for many years, usually following mastectomy for breast carcinoma, but occasionally due to other cases. Although chronic lymphedema could be implicated in the etiology of lymphangiosarcoma in all patients with neoplasms of an extremity, a significant number of patients did not have a history of radiation therapy at the site where their tumor developed. Histologically, although there were no differences in the lymphangiosarcomas between any of the groups of patients, the morphology of the tumors was influenced in the individual patient by the size and anatomic site of the sarcoma. Early amputation seemed to give the best chance of long-term survival, with responses to wide resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy generally only of short duration. Amputation after local recurrence was ineffective in preventing pulmonary metastases and death. At present, early amputation appears to be the treatment of choice for patients with lymphangiosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Malignant schwannoma--clinical characteristics, survival, and response to therapy.

One hundred and sixty-five cases of malignant schwannoma were reviewed. Sixty-five (40%) of the patients had evidence of disseminated neurofibromatosis. Patients with neurofibromatosis were younger, had malignant schwannomas that were centrally rather than peripherally located, and had a shorter five-year survival (23%) than patients with solitary malignant schwannomas (47%). Histologically, tumors developing in patients with neurofibromatosis had a collagenous appearance, while tumors in patients without neurofibromatosis were undifferentiated and highly cellular. The clinical course of both groups of patients tended to be that of multiple local recurrences, although local recurrence had a more ominous prognosis in patients with neurofibromatosis. Chemotherapy responses in all these patients were extremely poor; however, the results of adjuvant therapy after surgery appeared encouraging. Fourteen patients (8.5%) had a malignant schwannoma in an area of prior radiation therapy and died of disease a median of 14 months after diagnosis. Malignant schwannoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tumors developing in areas previously treated with radiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Adjuvant chemotherapy of soft-part sarcomas with ALOMAD (S4).

Sixty-four adult patients with soft-tissue sarcomas received adjuvant chemotherapy with a six-drug combination regimen after surgery. Seventy percent remain free of disease with a median follow-up of 50 months. Only seven patients have died of their disease, all within the first 24 months after surgery. Most patients experienced severe nausea and vomiting secondary to the actinomycin D and dacarbazine parts of the protocol, and three patients experienced frank Adriamycin cardiomyopathy. Toxicity from this combination was otherwise mild. The 58% recurrence rate of 12 patients who discontinued therapy early because of nausea was significantly greater than the 23% rate for those who completed or relapsed on therapy (P = 0.01). Adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered after surgery for patients with soft-part sarcomas, especially those with high-grade tumors that have a considerable risk of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Malignant mesothelioma in children: report of seven cases and review of the literature.

Seven children with malignant mesothelioma have been seen at Memorial Hospital since 1953. In six, the origin was at the pleura and in one at the peritoneum. None of the patients related a history of exposure to asbestos. Two patients lived more than five years. The other five patients died within two years of the diagnosis. Distant metastases were seen in four of the patients, including three who had metastases to brain. Surgery or radiotherapy were not effective in controlling the disease in most of the patients. One patient had a complete response to a combination of Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine and has remained free of disease for 5 1/2 years. The seven cases are reviewed, as are the other 42 cases of malignant mesothelioma in children reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Chlorozotocin (DCNU)--induced pulmonary toxicity.

A case of pulmonary toxicity after chlorozotocin (DCNU) is described. This patient developed shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, and interstitial infiltrates after his third dose of DCNU. This was documented on pulmonary function tests which showed a reduction in vital capacity and pulmonary diffusion capacity. Similar findings have been reported in restrictive pulmonary disease associated with other nitrosoureas. This is the first case reported of pulmonary toxicity induced by DCNU.

Fibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1981

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: review of 25 patients.

Twenty-five patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma have been seen in Memorial Hospital since 1950. None of them had a history of exposure to asbestos and no clear etiologic factor could be determined in any of the patients. Two patients had signs of ectopic hormone production. The tumors tended to be locally invasive but distant hematogenous metastases were not seen in any of the patients. Surgery was not effective, as most patients had extensive intra-abdominal disease at the time of laparotomy. There were four long-term survivors. All of them were treated with external radiotherapy and 32P instillation after surgery. The response to chemotherapy was poor except for one partial response to combined therapy with adriamycin and radiation. Most patients died of extensive abdominal disease with a median survival of only 12 months.

Adolescent↗