A rapid section technique for burn wound biopsy.
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Biopsy↗
Biomedical subjects
G B Hubbard
Publications and source records attributed to G B Hubbard.
Perceived life changes for children and adolescents following disclosure of father-daughter incest.
Eleven families comprised the sample for this qualitative study. The daughters in these families had allegedly been abused by a father or father-figure. The study showed four major life changes occurred for these girls. They were loss of father, placement away from home, alteration in familial roles, and participation in the investigation of sexual abuse. These interventions required to stop the abuse were viewed as further traumatizations. Implications of the study for child and adolescent psychiatric nursing practice are discussed.
Adolescent↗
Group play therapy. Using an interaction model with delayed regressed behaviors in children.
This article gives an overview of individual play therapy and relates the concepts of individual play therapy to group play therapy. A new model of group play therapy, an interactional model, is introduced. The article provides basic guidelines for beginning play therapists. An actual group is described and specific interventions for problems are suggested.
Child↗
Blood-sucking lice may disseminate Trypanosoma cruzi infection in baboons.
Trypanosoma cruzi (Schyzotrypanum, Chagas, 1909), and Chagas disease are endemic in captive-reared baboons at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas. We obtained PCR amplification products from DNA extracted from sucking lice collected from the hair and skin of T. cruzi-infected baboons, with specific nested sets of primers for the protozoan kinetoplast DNA, and nuclear DNA. These products were hybridized to their complementary internal sequences. Selected sequences were cloned and sequencing established the presence of T. cruzi nuclear DNA, and minicircle kDNA. Competitive PCR with a kDNA set of primers determined the quantity of approximately 23.9 +/- 18.2 T. cruzi per louse. This finding suggests that the louse may be a vector incidentally contributing to the dissemination of T. cruzi infection in the baboon colony.
Animals↗
Cryptal lymphocytic colitis: a new entity in baboons.
A baboon died of chronic, intractable diarrhoea. At autopsy gross examination revealed oedema, and signs of chronic inflammation in the entire colon. At histology, marked lymphocytic infiltration within the colonic epithelium covering the crypts was found. The term cryptal lymphocytic colitis is proposed for this previously unreported disease in baboons.
Animals↗
Chronic colitis in baboons: similarities with chronic colitis in humans.
In recent years, a substantial number of baboons died at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research following protracted intractable diarrheas. The histopathologic diagnosis at autopsy was chronic colitis. The diarrhea could last for more than one year and occurred in infants, juveniles or young adult baboons, i.e. < or = 8 years of age (a healthy baboon may live up to 27 years). The aim was to assess the histopathologic subtype of chronic colitis in a relatively large number of colonic specimens obtained at autopsy (n = 132). In 88 out of 132 baboons with chronic diarrhea, the colonic mucosa was well preserved for histological examination. At review, various histological phenotypes of chronic colitis were disclosed in 86 of the 88 baboons. Chronic lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis was found in 54.6% (47 out of 86), chronic ulcerative colitis in 15.1% (13 out of 86), Crohn's colitis in 12.8% (11 out of 86), superficial lymphocytic colitis in 10.5% (9 out of 86), cryptal lymphocytic colitis in 5.8% (5 out of 86) and collagenous colitis in 1.2% (1 out of 86). Chronic ulcerative colitis, Crohn's colitis, superficial lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis in baboons closely mimic corresponding histological phenotypes of chronic colitis in humans. Recently, cryptal lymphocytic colitis has also been found in humans. The awareness that chronic colitis in baboons is not one disease but a series oi chronic inflammatory changes, having common clinical symptoms and similar gross appearance, may lead to the correct diagnosis of the subtype of the disease. Only then would it be feasible to systematically initiate the search for the corresponding etiologic agent(s), aiming to tailor specific therapeutic strategies in those animals.
Animals↗
Apoptotic colonic disease: a new entity in a primate.
A Macaca fascicularis died following chronic, intractable diarrheas. At autopsy, the entire colon was macroscopically red and swollen. At histology, the most conspicuous histologic finding was a marked accumulation of intraepithelial apoptotic granules in the lower one third of the epithelium of the colonic crypts. The cells in those crypts showed various degrees of swelling or necrobiosis. Since no other explanation was found at autopsy, it was concluded that the marked apoptosis with marked epithelial cell destruction was the cause of the colonic disease which apparently resulted in untreatable protracted diarrheas in this animal. The term apoptotic colonic disease is proposed for this previously unreported condition.
Animals↗
Chronic colitis in Macaca fascicularis: similarities with chronic colitis in humans.
In recent years, a substantial number of macaques have died at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, USA, following protracted intractable diarrhea. The diarrhea could last for up to two years and occurred in infant, juvenile or young adult animals. The histopathological diagnosis at autopsy was chronic colitis. The histopathological subtype of chronic colitis is here assessed in a relatively large number of colonic specimens obtained at autopsy (n = 90). The colonic mucosa was well preserved for histological examination in 83 of the 90 macaques. At review, various histological phenotypes of chronic colitis were found. Chronic lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis occurred in 78.3% (65 out of 83), chronic ulcerative colitis in 20.5% (17 out of 83) and Crohn's colitis in 1.2% (1 out of 83). In macaques, some histological phenotypes of chronic colitis (ulcerative and Crohn's colitis) closely mimic chronic colitis in humans. The awareness that chronic colitis in macaques is not one disease but a series of chronic inflammatory changes, with common clinical symptoms and similar gross appearances, may lead to the correct histological diagnosis of the subtype of the disease.
Animals↗
Adenocarcinoma of the cecum with Crohn's-like features in baboons.
During the past 9.5 years, 51 baboons dying as a result of chronic diarrhea and poor health and having a chronic inflammatory process of the cecum (i.e. typhlitis) were recorded. The cecum was turgid, irregularly thickened the lumen reduced and the mesenteric lymph nodes enlarged. Of the 45 baboons with well preserved histologic material, 24 had shallow ulcerations and/or focal mucosal inflammation, 3 had crypt abcesses, 3 had mucosal fissures,l aphtoid ulcerations, and 1 pseudopyloric metaplasia (ulcer associated cell lineage-UACL-). The submucosa in all 45 animals was thick due to fibrosis, 35 had focal chronic inflammation with lymphoid aggregates, 12 submucosal abcesses, 6 epithelioid cell granulomas, 5 fissures reaching the submucosa, 3 neural hyperplasia of the myenteric plexus, and 2 lymphangiectasia. Focal chronic transmural inflammation with lymphoid aggregates was recorded in 44 animals. In addition, 2 animals showed deep fissure tracts. Ten of the 45 animals had in addition a cecal adenocarcinoma; one was overlayed by a villous adenoma with high grade dysplasia. Liver metastasis was found in another animal. The present study indicated that a) baboons may develop transmural chronic focal inflammation in the proximal colon (cecum), b) the inflammation in baboons closely mimic Crohn's disease of the cecum in humans c) adenocarcinomas in baboons with Crohn's-like inflammatory changes may originate in an adenomatous growth, and d) cecal adenocarcinomas in baboons with Crohn's-like inflammatory changes of the cecum, are able to metastasize.
Adenocarcinoma↗
A new phenotype of gastric pyloric cells. A study in baboons.
The histology of the stomach of 215 baboons having chronic gastritis (n = 7), hyperplastic foveolar gastropathy (resembling Menetrier's gastropathy in humans) (n = 2), hyperplastic foveolar lymphocytic gastritis (n = 3), adenocarcinoma (n = 1) or normal mucosa (n = 202), were reviewed. Pyloric glands having cells with a ground glass cytoplasm were found in two of the 7 animals with chronic gastritis. Those cells are characterised by an homogeneous, eosinophylic cytoplasm with "glassy" appearance. We previously found pyloric cells with ground-glass cytoplasm in gastrectomy specimens from patients dwelling in disparate geographic regions, suggesting that those cells occur independently of the race of the individuals or of different environmental conditions. The same cells are now found in the gastric antrum of baboons. "Glassy" pyloric cells showed a moderate positivity with PAS stain but they were negative after diastase treatment, suggesting that the glassy material may be a glycoprotein.
Animals↗