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Biomedical subjects

G Avram

Publications and source records attributed to G Avram.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Our experience in viral hepatitis (VH) immunoglobulin prophylaxis.

Two experiments on 72 888 children, out of which 36 270 received standard immunoglobulins (IG) and another 36 618 represented the control group, were carried out. IG was administered preventatively, during autumn before the occurrence of the annual peak, and in focus after contact with VH patients. Prophylactic IG administration led to a 4-14 fold decrease in the incidence of icteric VH as compared with controls, and to the disappearance of the peak characteristic of autumn-winter. The efficacy lasted for 5-6 months. The incidence of subclinical VH forms--as evaluated by clinical examinations and SGPT was about 3 times lower in IG pre-exposure recipients. In the group of children where IG was administered only to the contacts in epidemiological foci, the incidence of icteric VH remained as high in the controls and the incidence of subclinical VH forms was twice as high in the controls.

Child↗
PubMed1980

[Polio immunity in North African children hospitalized for paralytic poliomyelitis due to type 1: relative deficiency in humoral immunity compared with European children (author's transl)].

Three points may be emphasized: 1. The antibody titers in North African children are lower than previously reported for European children during the period 1950-1960. 2. In both groups of children, there is a positive correlation between the antibody titers and the age of infection (paralysis or vaccination). 3. The non polio enterovirus present in the intestine of paralyzed children at the same time as the poliovirus seem to suppress the polio immunity. This last point should be confirmed on a larger scale.

Africa, Northern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of cell cultures in the cytotoxicity testing of dental materials].

On lines of human (HeLa) and monkey (BS-C-1) cell cultures, the cytotoxicity of 15 products of dental use for radicular and coronary fillings, alloys and endodontic antiseptics was analysed. It was found that the simplified method can be used, together with the in vivo and in vitro tests recommended by I.S.O., for determining the bioavailability of dental products.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies of bacterial, rotaviral and Cryptosporidium etiology of acute diarrheal diseases in hospitalized children.

657 hospitalized children with acute diarrheal disease were studied for bacterial and rotaviral etiology. Cryptosporidium presence was followed in 123 children. Intestinal pathogens were detected in 195 (29.6%) cases: 132 (20.3%) enterobacteria, 47 (7.1%) rotaviruses, 4 (3.2%) Cryptosporidium sp. and 12 (1.8%) combined infections. Among enterobacteria, E. coli was the most frequent (10% cases) with enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteroinvasive (EIEC) groups. Other isolated pathogens were Salmonella--21 (3.1%), C. jejuni/coli--13 (1.9%), Shigella--3 (0.9%), Y. enterocolitica O3--1 (0.1%). Among opportunistic pathogenic enterobacteria, the following were isolated: Kl. pneumoniae--24 (3.7%), Enterobacter species--4 (0.6%), Providencia alcalifaciens--1 (0.1%). Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in 1 child. Combined infections were detected in 12 children: 10--enterobacteria + rotaviruses associations and 2--pathogenic enterobacteria associations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The presence of enterovirus in species of shellfish and fish].

Enteroviruses were isolated from 12% of the digestive tract samples collected from Anodonta cygnea (9.4%) and Dreysena polymorpha (13.2%) shell species and from 8.4% of the branchiae sample from fish species Rutilus rutilus, Perca fluviatilis and Silurus glanis. The isolated belonged to the following antigenic types: ECHO 2 and 7, Coxsackie B 2, 4 and 6, and poliovirus 1 and 2.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of the rotavirus group antigen by a screening test using the ELISA-IC kit in subjects with acute gastroenteritis, at the pediatric services of Moldavia].

The rotaviral antigen was detected by a screening test using the ELISA-IC kit in 17.6% out of 415 children with acute gastroenteritis. The highest frequency (28.9%) was found in children hospitalized in pediatric services with a diagnosis of diarrhoeic disease associated to acute respiratory infection. The rotavirus infection incidence was about three times higher during the cold season than during summer (30.4% versus 10.5%). The 6-11 month age group was the most severely affected.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mixed viral-bacterial infections in infants with gastroenteritis].

Fecal specimens from 84 children with gastroenteritis were submitted to virological and bacteriological analysis. Enteroviruses other than poliovirus were found in 8.3%, rotavirus in 4.8% and enterobacteria in 1.9% of the investigated subjects. Mixed infections were detected in 8.4% of the cases.

Diarrhea, Infantile↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Presence of the rotavirus antigen in newborn infants at maternity hospitals in Moldavia].

Studies conducted on 417 feces samples collected from newborn infants from seven maternity homes revealed the presence of rotavirus in 1.2 to 9.5% of the subjects. The infants get infection during the first 24 to 48 hours of life (1.8%) and the positivity rate reaches a peak the 7th day (9.7%). Enteroviruses were found in 3.4% and enterobacteria in 11.8% of the samples.

Aging↗