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Biomedical subjects

G Avram

Publications and source records attributed to G Avram.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of cell cultures in the cytotoxicity testing of dental materials].

On lines of human (HeLa) and monkey (BS-C-1) cell cultures, the cytotoxicity of 15 products of dental use for radicular and coronary fillings, alloys and endodontic antiseptics was analysed. It was found that the simplified method can be used, together with the in vivo and in vitro tests recommended by I.S.O., for determining the bioavailability of dental products.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies of bacterial, rotaviral and Cryptosporidium etiology of acute diarrheal diseases in hospitalized children.

657 hospitalized children with acute diarrheal disease were studied for bacterial and rotaviral etiology. Cryptosporidium presence was followed in 123 children. Intestinal pathogens were detected in 195 (29.6%) cases: 132 (20.3%) enterobacteria, 47 (7.1%) rotaviruses, 4 (3.2%) Cryptosporidium sp. and 12 (1.8%) combined infections. Among enterobacteria, E. coli was the most frequent (10% cases) with enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteroinvasive (EIEC) groups. Other isolated pathogens were Salmonella--21 (3.1%), C. jejuni/coli--13 (1.9%), Shigella--3 (0.9%), Y. enterocolitica O3--1 (0.1%). Among opportunistic pathogenic enterobacteria, the following were isolated: Kl. pneumoniae--24 (3.7%), Enterobacter species--4 (0.6%), Providencia alcalifaciens--1 (0.1%). Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in 1 child. Combined infections were detected in 12 children: 10--enterobacteria + rotaviruses associations and 2--pathogenic enterobacteria associations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The presence of enterovirus in species of shellfish and fish].

Enteroviruses were isolated from 12% of the digestive tract samples collected from Anodonta cygnea (9.4%) and Dreysena polymorpha (13.2%) shell species and from 8.4% of the branchiae sample from fish species Rutilus rutilus, Perca fluviatilis and Silurus glanis. The isolated belonged to the following antigenic types: ECHO 2 and 7, Coxsackie B 2, 4 and 6, and poliovirus 1 and 2.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of the rotavirus group antigen by a screening test using the ELISA-IC kit in subjects with acute gastroenteritis, at the pediatric services of Moldavia].

The rotaviral antigen was detected by a screening test using the ELISA-IC kit in 17.6% out of 415 children with acute gastroenteritis. The highest frequency (28.9%) was found in children hospitalized in pediatric services with a diagnosis of diarrhoeic disease associated to acute respiratory infection. The rotavirus infection incidence was about three times higher during the cold season than during summer (30.4% versus 10.5%). The 6-11 month age group was the most severely affected.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mixed viral-bacterial infections in infants with gastroenteritis].

Fecal specimens from 84 children with gastroenteritis were submitted to virological and bacteriological analysis. Enteroviruses other than poliovirus were found in 8.3%, rotavirus in 4.8% and enterobacteria in 1.9% of the investigated subjects. Mixed infections were detected in 8.4% of the cases.

Diarrhea, Infantile↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Presence of the rotavirus antigen in newborn infants at maternity hospitals in Moldavia].

Studies conducted on 417 feces samples collected from newborn infants from seven maternity homes revealed the presence of rotavirus in 1.2 to 9.5% of the subjects. The infants get infection during the first 24 to 48 hours of life (1.8%) and the positivity rate reaches a peak the 7th day (9.7%). Enteroviruses were found in 3.4% and enterobacteria in 11.8% of the samples.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surveillance of enterovirus circulation in children communities.

In three children communities covered by a virological study enteroviruses could be isolated from 19.3% of the stool samples, 52.3% of the sewage samples and 9.7% of the samples taken from different objects and surfaces. The isolates belonged to 14 enterovirus serotypes, Coxsackie viruses being predominant. There was a good concordance between the serotypes of enteroviruses shed in the stools and those isolated from the environment. The high epidemiological potential of enteroviruses calls for a surveillance of their circulation in children communities, preferably by the virological monitoring of sewage.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk of transmission of enterovirus from the surface of toilets].

Experimental studies using dyes and microbial agents as indicators showed that a viral contamination of the various surfaces of the water closets is possible through the droplets formed when one flushes the W.C. pan. An investigation conducted in several public water closets allowed to reveal the presence of enteroviruses in 2.8% to 5.8% of the samples collected from various surfaces of the water closets. The results of the investigations showed that the hinged seats were contaminated the most frequently (6.8% of the samples).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigations on the efficacy of two schemes of standard gammaglobulin administration in the prevention of viral hepatitis.

Prophylactic administration of standard gammaglobulin (G) to over 5,000 children led to a more than 6-fold decrease in the incidence of icteric viral hepatitis (V.H.) as compared with the control group and to the disappearance of the autumn--winter epidemic peak. A 3-fold decrease in the incidence of subclinical forms was also achieved. In another group of 5,000 children G was only given to contacts in epidemic foci; the incidence of icteric V. H. was similar to that recorded in controls, while subclinical forms were 2 times more frequent in children having received G after the infectant contact.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enteroviral etiology of some epidemic outbreaks in a zone of Romania.

The authors describe three enterovirus epidemics: an outbreak of Coxsackie B1 epidemic myalgia, one of echovirus 4 meningitis and one of epidemic vomiting and diarrhea caused by Coxsackie A9 virus. Etiological diagnosis was established by virological and serological tests.

Adult↗