Coordinating central service and purchasing.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Armstrong.
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In order to study the mechanism of action of Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins, a synthetic 31-mer peptide corresponding to the sequence of a putative pore-forming segment of the CrylA(c) toxin was characterized structurally and functionally. The peptide maps onto the central helix (alpha 5) of the six-helix bundle of domain I of the crystal structure of the CryIIIA toxin. CD and NMR spectroscopic studies indicated that the peptide exists as an alpha-helix in methanol and a random coil in water. The peptide associated with liposomes at pH 4.7 and formed discrete, characterizable channels in planar lipid bilayers at low pHs. These channels had a conductance value of 60 picosiemens (pS). It is possible that this helix is a component of the transmembrane pore formed by B. thuringiensis delta-endotoxins in vivo.
The spontaneous insertion of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry delta-endotoxins into planar lipid bilayers to form discrete channels in the absence of receptors is the subject of conflicting reports in the literature. Because these proteins are synthesized as protoxins requiring proteolytic activation for conversion to the active form, differences in the in-vitro protocol used for this activation could be responsible for the contradictory results. To investigate this, CrylA(c) toxin was activated by different procedures, and its ability to release glucose entrapped within liposomes and to form channels in planar lipid bilayers assessed. The toxin preparations exhibited widely differing activities on the lipid membranes; SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis suggested that variations in the protein profile of the activated samples could be responsible. These findings raise important practical considerations for further in-vitro studies into the mechanism of action of these toxins.
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An intravenous manual specific for the needs of a critical care area has recently been compiled. This paper presents details of the need for such a manual, the format chosen for organizing the material and the significance of the manual. The attached figures provide examples of the data presented for individual drugs.