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Biomedical subjects

G Antonucci

Publications and source records attributed to G Antonucci.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The efficacy and safety of imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of severe bacterial infections.

We have assessed the efficacy and safety of imipenem/cilastatin in a non-comparative study of 27 immunocompromised patients suffering from severe bacterial infections. Moreover in two groups of 14 patients the efficacy of imipenem/cilastatin versus a standard broad spectrum antibiotic therapy has also been compared. Clinical and microbiological efficacy and side effects have been evaluated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Visual neglect for far and near extra-personal space in humans.

The possible dissociation of unilateral neglect in far and near extra-personal space was systematically investigated using a modified version of the Wundt-Jastrow area illusion test. This task, which requires no motor response, has been shown to be sensitive to unilateral neglect. Stimuli were presented at two different distances (near and far) to a group of 70 patients with right hemispheric lesion (18 in acute and 52 in chronic stage). Twenty-eight patients evidenced unilateral neglect; that is, they displayed unexpected (i.e., contrary to the known illusory effect) responses when the stimuli were perceived as oriented toward the left side. However, performances in the two conditions were highly correlated and there were no individual instances of dissociation. These results suggest that the presence of a motor response may be necessary to show behavioral dissociations between different parts of extra-personal space.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Incidence and evolution of the hemineglect disorder in chronic patients with unilateral right brain damage.

One hundred four patients with a unilateral right hemispheric lesion, consecutively admitted to a rehabilitation clinic, were examined to evaluate: 1. the incidence of patients with severe hemineglect at least two months after the CVA; 2. the role of the length of time from the onset of disease in predicting the severity of the disorder. Estimates of the disorder varied according to the test used, ranging from 26.7% to 52.0%. On the basis of an overall clinical judgment, approximately 20% of patients had very severe hemineglect. Consistent with earlier findings, the severity of the disorder was unrelated to the duration of the disease when examined by means of correlational analyses. However, a subdivision of patients into subgroups according to the length of time from the onset of the disease showed a trend for a moderate reduction of the severity of the deficit starting from the 3-month subgroup for two tests (Barrage Test and Wundt-Jastrow Area Illusion Test).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The Wundt-Jastrow illusion in the study of spatial hemi-inattention.

A new test to detect unilateral neglect was devised using a modified version of the Wundt-Jastrow area illusion. The test was given to three groups of subjects: left brain damaged (LBD), right brain damaged (RBD) patients and controls. Of RBD patients, 40.4% but no LBD patient or control, showed responses inconsistent with the visual illusion when the determinant features of the illusion pointed to the left visual field. These unexpected responses were highly related to a clinical evaluation of the severity of the hemi-inattention disorder. The sensitivity of this test and of other standard measures of hemi-neglect were compared. The possibility of identifying qualitatively different forms of hemi-neglect was also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the experimental pathogenicity of some Cryptococcus species in normal and cyclophosphamide-immunodepressed mice.

The pathogenic potential of distinct Cryptococcus species has been evaluated in mice rendered leukopenic by one or two injections of the potent immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide (Cy). Pathogenicity assessment included enumeration of viable cryptococcal cells in animal organs and histopathological observations. It was found that putatively non-pathogenic species of Cryptococcus, in particular C. cereanus and C. albidus, showed significant lethality for Cy-treated mice. In Cy-immunodepressed mice, challenged with the infectious cryptococcal cells two days after pharmacological treatment, a significant decrease of LD50 (equivalent to at least one order of magnitude) was observed for all Cryptococcus species. However, the pathogenicity enhancement due to Cy immunodepression was greater with C. neoformans. In all cases, brain and kidney were the most invaded tissues as also evidenced by histopathological examination, which showed the typical cystic lesion. All the observations made point to the conclusion that the pathogenic potential, for the immunomodulated host, of Cryptococci other than C. neoformans is significant being quantitatively and not qualitatively different from that of C. neoformans, as evidenced by a similar organotropism and similar type of histological lesions in the target organs (brain and kidney).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A case of falciparum malaria acquired in Italy.

The first case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria acquired in Italy after the eradication of the disease is reported. The P. falciparum strain was sensitive to chloroquine in vitro and in vivo. It seems most likely that an infective mosquito of tropical origin was responsible for transmission.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Simultaneous binocular integration of the visual tilt effect in normal and stereoblind observers.

Apparent displacement of an edge from the subjective visual vertical is typically induced by the simultaneous inspection of a large rotating textured background. In the present series of experiments we have tested the binocular integration of such an effect in normal and stereoblind observers in whom inspection of the rotating background and vision of the vertical edge are presented to different eyes. In normal subjects there was no difference between the binocular and the dichoptic viewing condition while in stereoblind subjects there was a clearcut decrease in the strength of the tilt effect under dichoptic conditions. A residual tilt effect, however, was still present in the latter group under dichoptic conditions and this shows that binocular interactions related to visual tilt can be dissociated from those required for stereopsis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Response of the cortically blind hemifields to a moving visual scene.

Viewing a rotating field induces a counter-rotating tilt of the subjective vertical in normal subjects. A similar, though smaller, effect is observed when only one hemifield is stimulated. This technique was used with 7 hemianopic patients having retrogenicular lesions. It was hypothesized that the stimulation of a moving scene in the blind field produces an additional tilting effect to that produced by the stimulation of the normal hemifield alone. The visual rotation within only the blind field is expected to have a systematic tilting effect. Both predictions were confirmed in all 7 patients having either right or left hemianopic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Hemiretinal differences in the effect of a rotating visual background on the subjective visual vertical.

Sixteen normal subjects were tested for their accuracy in judging the verticality of a visual edge before or during exposure to a moving visual background. All subjects showed a counter-rotation of the subjective visual vertical as a consequence of movement of the visual background. The effect was stronger for binocular than monocular viewing and for nasal than temporal hemiretina stimulation. No hemispheric asymmetries were observed. These results show a predominance of the crossed visual pathways originating from the nasal hemiretinae in a visual effect presumably involving a visual-vestibular interaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional outcome in stroke inpatient rehabilitation: predicting no, low and high response patients.

The aims of this study were: (1) to identify reliable prognostic factors for detecting subgroups of no, low and high response in consecutive patients admitted for rehabilitation of first stroke sequelae, and (2) to quantify the relative risk of poor or excellent prognosis on both Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and mobility for each significant variable. We prospectively studied 440 of 475 patients. From a group of 32 independent variables, those significantly associated with no, low and high effectiveness on both ADL and mobility were selected by means of multiple regression; then, the relative risk was calculated for each variable that significantly entered the multiple regressions. Patients with severe impairment or with global aphasia showed a relative risk of no response 4-6 times higher than that of other patients. An interval before rehabilitation longer than 2 months was associated with an increasing risk of no response. Elderly patients had a significantly higher relative risk of low response both on ADL and mobility. The presence of hemineglect and depression was associated with an increasing risk of low response on ADL but not on mobility. The absence of hemineglect and a short interval are prerequisites for an excellent functional prognosis on both ADL and mobility. A minor impairment, employed status, the absence of global aphasia and age < or = 65 years increased the risk of high response. At the beginning of treatment, clear prognostic factors for the detection of subgroups with poor or excellent rehabilitation prognosis can be identified.

Aged↗