[Transmucosal gastroesophageal potential difference (PD) in Barrett's esophagus].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
G Amato
Publications and source records attributed to G Amato.
[Effect of d-tubocurarine on the lower esophageal sphincter. Intraoperative electromanometric study].
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Adult↗
Effects of substantia nigra stimulation on hypothalamic rage reaction in cats.
The effects of substantia nigra (SN) (pars compacta) stimulation on the rage reaction elicited by ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) were investigated in the cat. The studied parameters of the rage reaction were: the current and the frequency threshold for the appearance of the hissing and the hissing latency. A facilitatory effect induced by the SN on the hypothalamic rage reaction was observed in the form of a decrease in the hypothalamic stimulus threshold for the hissing appearance and a decrease in the hissing latency. Moreover, when the VMH was stimulated with parameters below the threshold for the hissing display, simultaneous nigral activation determined its appearance. The excitatory influence exerted by the SN on the affective component of the aggressive behavior is discussed.
Aggression↗
Stimulation of the ventral tegmental area (A10 region) enhances the hypothalamic attack behavior in the cat.
The influence of the A10 region of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on the quiet biting attack evoked by stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic nucleus (LH) was studied. The latency of the biting was considered as reference value and measured with stop-watches; it remained constant when hypothalamic stimulation was performed with the same parameters. Simultaneous activation of the A10 neuron group induced a facilitation of the aggression in the form of a decrease in the biting latency or a display of the attack pattern when LH was stimulated with parameters below the threshold for biting appearance. The facilitatory effect of the A10 neurons of the VTA is discussed.
Aggression↗
Comparison between VP 16 and VM 26 in Lewis lung carcinoma of the mouse.
The antitumoral activity and pharmacokinetics of VP 16 and VM 26 were comparatively investigated in Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL)-bearing mice. When the two drugs were given at equitoxic doses, in single or repeated treatment, the superior antitumoral activity of VM 26 was clear. Compared to VP 16, VM 26 had a different pattern of distribution, with a larger volume of distribution, a longer elimination half-life time and a lower clearance. The tissue to plasma AUC ratios indicated that VM 26 concentrated more in tumor and heart while VP 16 gave highest concentrations in liver and intestine. Flow cytometry studies showed that VM 26 was more potent than VP 16 in causing cell cycle perturbation of 3LL cells growing in primary culture. VM 26 displayed cytotoxic activity at a concentration in the medium one-tenth that of VP 16. The uptake of VM 26 by 3LL cells was 15 times that of VP 16.
Animals↗
Procoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of human ovarian carcinoma cells in culture.
We have investigated here the coordinate expression of both procoagulant (PCA) and fibrinolytic (FA) activity of cells from 16 human ovarian carcinoma cases. To avoid interference of contaminating host cells, we used cells isolated in primary culture from ascitic fluid or from solid tumor. The FA was determined in cellular extracts by an amidolytic assay in the presence of fibrin monomers. FA, which was plasminogen dependent in almost all of the cases, showed a wide range of activity (from less than 0.001 to 2.30 UK units/mg protein). The molecular analysis of plasminogen activator (by SDS-PAGE and fibrin autography) showed a single molecular form of 52,000 daltons, inhibited by an antibody against human urokinase. PCA, studied with a one stage clotting assay in disrupted cells, was of tissue thromboplastin type in all instance and varied from 12.0 to 1300 thromboplastin units/10(4) cells. No simple correlation was found between FA and PCA in the cellular samples studied; moreover, for neither parameter was it possible to find any changes with the staging of the disease.
Adult↗
Comparative evaluation of the new Titertek Enterobac Rapid Automated System (TTE-RAS) for identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae.
The Titertek Enterobac Rapid Automated System (TTE-RAS; Flow Laboratories, SpA, Milan, Italy), a new semiautomated system for the identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, was compared with the API 20E system (API System P.A., Montalieu Vercieu, France) by using 284 clinically isolated strains that were previously identified by conventional methods. Six strains from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, Md.) were included to evaluate the reproducibility of identification by both systems. Correct identifications at the species level were 93.7% with TTE-RAS and 96.1% with API 20E. Although some of the features of the TTE-RAS data base were not satisfactory, we consider this new miniaturized system to be a very valuable tool for the rapid identification of the most frequently isolated opportunistic bacteria.
Enterobacteriaceae↗
Bacteremia caused by Peptococcus prevotii in an immunocompromised host.
A case of bacteremia caused by Peptococcus prevotii in an immunocompromised patient is described. A specific antibiotic therapy was successful. Details of the isolation procedures, biochemical pattern and Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) related to the pathogen strain are reported.
Aged↗
[Evaluation of the in vitro activity of aztreonam on 1990 gram-negative bacterial strains recently isolated in Campania hospitals].
The in vitro activity of aztreonam, leader of a new class of antibiotics, the monobactams, has been investigated. The effectiveness of the new molecule on 1990 strains of Gram-negative clinical isolates has been compared to that of some other drugs widely utilized for the treatment of nosocomial infections. Aztreonam has shown the highest activity against all the tested strains, with a geometrical mean of MICs (MG) of 0.37 and a MIC 90 of 8 micrograms/ml.
Aztreonam↗
Pharyngoesophageal transmucosal potential difference in normal subjects and in patients with peptic esophagitis.
Results of a study carried out on pharyngoesophageal transmucosal potential difference (PD) in normal subjects and in patients with peptic esophagitis are reported. Ten healthy individuals used as control group and 12 patients with peptic esophagitis were examined. In all the cases an electric junctional pharyngoesophageal zone was evidenced, characterized by increased negativity at the level of the upper esophageal sphincter between the pharyngeal and esophageal potential difference. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups as for the length of PD and its location, which was always shown to be included in the high pressure zone. In healthy subjects the pharyngoesophageal PD was -16.2 +/- 4.23 mV; in patients with peptic esophagitis PD was -25.4 +/- 8.51 mV. However, in the latter PD was shown to be higher than normal in 66% of cases (p less than 0.01). No correlation was evidenced between PD values and manometric alterations of the upper esophageal sphincter. On this basis, such alterations should not be related to possible mucosal injuries, as suggested by several authors, but most likely to a reflected or primary phenomenon, common to that causing the gastroesophageal reflux.
Esophagitis, Peptic↗
[Evaluation of the in vitro activity of flumequine on bacterial strains recently isolated in the hospital].
The in vitro activity of the quinolone derivative flumequine against 1918 bacterial strains, isolated from urinary tract infections, has been compared to the antibacterial activity of other compounds, such as pipemidic acid, oxolinic acid and cefazolin. The results are reported in terms of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and geometrical mean (MG) of MICs. Flumequine appeared to be the most effective molecule over all the clinical isolates, showing a MG of MICs of 1.12 and a MIC 90 of 32 micrograms/ml.
Bacteria↗
The predominant cultivable microbial population of adult periodontitis.
An extensive characterization of the cultivable microbial population, present in gingival pockets of a selected group of eight patients with periodontal disease, has been performed. The result obtained, from samples collected from six different periodontal sites in each patient, indicate a great prevalence of anaerobic bacteria. It is likely that the presence inside the gingival pockets of anaerobic cocci, to which the rods are capable of a selective coaggregation mechanism, creates conditions favorable to the proliferation of the latter type of bacteria. These findings suggest that the evolution of adult periodontitis is based on a chronic inflammatory stimulus and the necrosis of gingival epithelium caused by the proliferation of the anaerobic rods.
Adult↗
[Study of esophago-jejunostomy patients with combined 24-hour esophageal and jejunal pH-monitoring].
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Esophagus↗
The role of the substantia nigra on the rage reaction elicited by hypothalamic stimulation, in the cat.
The effects of substantia nigra stimulation on the rage reaction evoked by hypothalamic activation were studied. The reference value of the rage reaction was the latency of the hissing, which was constant in all animals when hypothalamic stimulation was performed with the same parameters. Simultaneous activation of substantia nigra and hypothalamus determined a significant decrease in hissing latency. The influence of the substantia nigra on the affective components of the aggressive behavior is underlined.
Aggression↗
[Study of the recto-anal region using electromanometry and transmucosal potential differences in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. Preliminary results].
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Action Potentials↗
The control exerted by the substantia nigra on the quiet biting attack elicited by hypothalamic stimulation in the cat.
The effects of substantia nigra (SN) (pars compacta) stimulation on the quiet biting attack evoked by hypothalamic activation in the cat were studied. The measure of the aggressive behavior was the latency of the biting which did not greatly change from one animal to another when hypothalamic stimulation was performed with the same parameters. Concurrent activation of the SN determined an inhibitory effect on the studied behavior in the form of an increase in the biting latency or loss of the attack pattern. The inhibitory role of the SN on predatory attack behavior is discussed.
Aggression↗
Comparison of two systems for identification of anaerobic bacteria.
The RapID Ana and the API 20A systems for identification of anaerobic bacteria were compared for accuracy on 108 recent isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. No additional tests or gas-liquid chromatography were used. RapID Ana identified 91.7% of the isolated strains to species level and 6.5% to genus level but failed to identify 1.8% of the total strains. API 20A identified 85.2% of strains to species level, 3.7% to genus level but failed to identify 11.1% of the total strains. Although the difference between the identification rates of the two systems was not significant, it was concluded that RapID Ana was easier to perform and interpret.
Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
DNA index of ovarian carcinomas from 56 patients: in vivo in vitro studies.
Out of 130 ovarian cancer patients the DNA index of cells from ovarian carcinoma was studied in 56 cases in which cytospin preparations showed the presence of atypical cells. In 24 patients the population had a diploid DNA index (1.0) and in the others the DNA index ranged from 1.2 to 2.0 (tetraploid). No hypodiploid or hypertetraploid populations were detected. Repeated samples from the same patients did not show any significant differences and primary culture did not alter the DNA index. In contrast, cell cycle phase distribution differed greatly from sample to sample, as also the ratio between DNA diploid and DNA aneuploid populations. Primary culture was successful in 57% of the tumours, with a higher percentage of success in DNA aneuploid tumours. After primary culture the ratio between DNA aneuploid cells and DNA diploid cells increased. In relation to the histological gradings of malignancy, DNA aneuploid cells clustered in the highest grade of malignancy. The mean S-phase for tumours with a DNA index of 1.0 was 3.5 and 14.1% for those with DNA index greater than 1. Ovarian carcinomas show a large difference in DNA index between patients even after primary culture.
DNA, Neoplasm↗