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Biomedical subjects

G Aimard

Publications and source records attributed to G Aimard.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Diagnostic and therapeutic value of Seldinger's technique angiography in 200 neurological patients (author's transl)].

A retrospective study of 200 patients with various neurological diseases who had been investigated by Seldinger's technique cerebral or medullar angiography (STA) was undertaken with the view of evaluating the effective contribution of this technique to diagnosis and treatment. On the whole, STA gave positive results in 106 cases, doubtful results in 15 cases and negative, yet often useful, results in 79 cases. It proved more helpful in establishing the cause (120/200 cases) than the location (117/200 cases) of the lesions and contributed to the therapeutic decision in only 36 patients, latrogenic complications included 1 death from locked-in syndrome, 10 neurological disorders and 4 local reactions. However, the diagnostic and therapeutic value of Seldinger's technique angiography cannot be properly assessed owing to uncertainties surrounding each criterium of judgement.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Course of visual evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis. Electro-clinical correlations and pathophysiological considerations in 25 patients (author's transl)].

25 Multiple Sclerosis patients had Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) recorded at a one year interval. Abnormal VEPs were observed at least once in 21 patients. They were the only means to assess the lesional dissemination in 9 patients. Their contribution in the diagnostic classification is such that the proportion of "definite" cases rises from 44 to 80 per cent of the 25 cases. The degree of abnormality of the VEPs had no relation to the disability status and the whole severity of the disease. The main feature ws the variability of the VEP latencies at a one year interval: they seem to follow the remittent progressive course of the disease, whether visual pathways are clinically affected or not. These results are interpreted in the light of the pathophysiological data of the disease. In the cases with improvement or normalisation of the second VEPs, "en plaque" edema may be an important mechanism, sometimes free of demyelination so that true restitutio ad integrum may occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Spatial disorientation. Report of 5 cases (author's transl)].

Five observations characterized by an isolated topographical disorientation without any intellectual impairment are reported. One was associated to a topographical confabulation. Aetiological data and clinical associations are discussed. In three cases, the site of lesion, as indicated by surgery and CT Scan, involves the posterior part of the right hemisphere. The occurrence of this syndrome may be ascribed to three possible factors: amnesia (topographical amnesia) agnosia (topographical agnosia) and apraxia.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Isolated tonic ambulatory flexion of the foot (author's transl)].

A tonic ambulatory foot response developed one year after clamping of an aneurysm of the contralateral carotid artery in a young adult. No motor deficiency was noted during the postoperative period, but spasm of the carotid bifurcation branches were present on arteriograms. Clinical examination and deep reflexes tests excluded pyramidal lesions. Cortical somatesthetic evoked potential recordings confirmed the absence of sensory disturbances. CT scan suggested the presence of an infarct in the territory of the anterior choroidal artery. The present findings are compared with previous reports. The etiological data and CT scan results in the present case allow reconsideration of the physiopathology of tonic ambulatory foot response in the light of current knowledge of locomotor function in animals. The tonic flexion, an "extension" dystonia of the toes, electively provoked by walking, occurring one year after the neurological accident without any pyramidal signs, could arise from a coordination synkinesis due to lesions limited to the efferent extrapyramidal system.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Anatomo-clinical study of a case of topographic confabulation (or delusion)].

The authors report an observation of a fixed monothematic and long-termed topographical confabulation associated to a topographical disorientation, without mental confusion. Different factors leading to such a confabulation are discussed (alteration of topographical memory, anosognosia of the ambulatory defect, age of the patient). The favourable effect of neuroleptics permit to regard the continuity between confabulation and delirium. Anatomical data prove an isolated right parieto-temporal infarct.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Course and prognosis of multiple sclerosis assessed by the computerized data processing of 349 patients.

The information of 349 cases of multiple sclerosis, seen in a neurological department over a twenty-year period and followed up for a mean of nine years, was analysed by computerized data processing. The mean age at onset was 30.0 years for the remittent onset types (82 per cent cases) and 37.3 years for the progressive onset types (18 per cent cases). During the course of the disease the age of the 'pure relapse' stage was 29.2 years, of the relapse with sequelae stage 33.9 years and of the progressive phase 38.0 years. The interval between the first two relapses in the remittent-progressive type was important, the shorter the interval the sooner the progressive phase occurred. The relapses tended to increase in frequency before the progressive phase started. Using an actuarial graph, 50 per cent of cases could be expected to be moderately disabled (still ambulatory) in six years, and severely disabled (not ambulatory) in eighteen years and dead in thirty years. Combining a disability score and the duration of the disease prognostic factors could be studied. A late onset of the disease, a short interval between the first two relapses and the occurrence of the progressive phase were associated with a poor outcome. Sex of patient, the symptomatology of the initial relapses, and the constituents of the CSF had no prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Non-hemorrhagic forms of intracranial arterial aneurysms].

Thirty eight consecutive cases of intracranial arterial aneurysms collected during the last decade in the same department of neurology are reported, the aneurysms being revealed by a non hemorrhhagic semeiology, i.e. without clinical meningeal syndrome. In 31 cases, the aneurysm seemed to be related to the clinical manifestation: in 14 cases, it was an acute headache, characterized by its suddenness, immediate maximum intensity, spontaneous and fastly regressive course. It occurred without any symptoms (6 cases) or associated with an epileptic seizure (1 case), or an ophthalmoplegia (7 cases). The course was often relapsing. In 8 cases, it was a cerebrovascular accident of ischemic type; in 6 cases, a pseudo-tumoral syndrome; in 2 cases, an epilepsy; in 1 case, a migraine. For the further 7 cases, the aneurysm was diagnosed fortuitously when investigating a non related disease. The present series shows: the high incidence of the non hemorrhagic forms of aneurysms since they account for 40 p. 100 of the aneurysms cases detected during the same period in our neurological department. The various clinical manifestations are already well-known, mainly the acute headache and the pseudo-tumoral forms. The aneurysm-related cerebrovascular accidents seem to be relatively frequent; 2 cases of the present series give the opportunity for a discussion about the relations between a spontaneous thrombosis and a definitive anatomical cure of the aneurysm. Finally, other cases lead to suspect aneurysms as a possible cause of epilepsy or of migraine. The prognosis of these non hemorragic forms of aneurysms is much better than that of ruptured aneurysms. The direct intracranial surgical cure of the lesion gives on the whole excellent results. Such a treatment must be advocated whenever possible for any unruptured symptomatic aneurysm, as the risk of their rupture or clinical relapse is far from being negligible. The strategy is more difficult to define for asymptomatic unruptured aneurysms as the actual risk of subsequent rupture or other clinical manifestations is not sufficiently known.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Encephalitis and acute amnesic encephalopathies. Retrospective study of 16 cases (author's transl)].

A retrospective study was conducted on sixteen cases of encephalitis or acute amnesic encephalopathies, only one of which was confirmed by pathological examination, seen over the last fifteen years. The amnesic syndrome was always associated with a very marked anterograde deficiency and the absence of severe disturbances of other higher functions. Its onset was always acute, was secondary to disturbances of consciousness or associated with epilepsy, and in half of the cases presented as a severe infections disorder with high fever. The mood and behavioural disorders, and the temporal epilepsy, were evidenced clinically as a pure or predominant hippocampic lesion. The diversity of the progressive nature of the disorders, and the etiological environmental factors, enable divison into three groups : a group of six cases of postencephalitic Korsakoff's syndrome, probably of herpetic origin, and associated with a stable amnesic syndrome which remained as a sequela ; a group of 5 patients with non-herpetic but probable viral "curable amnesic encephalitis" ; another group of 5 patients with "acute amnesic encephalopathy" with various etiologies and with obvious encephalitic lesions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Surgically treated supratentorial gliomas in the adult. Favourable action of a podophyllin derivative (VM 26) administered alone (author's transl)].

The action of VM 26 on cerebral glioblastomas was suggested by studies of phase II or protocols in which the drug was used in association. The randomised protocol presented here, involving 10 treated subjects and 11 controls, showed that VM 26 was active in terms of the duration of survival of patients undergoing surgery for a glioblastoma. The mean survival was 16.4 months as against 9.6 months in the controls (statistically significant difference at p less than 0.05). This activity would tend to characterise the drug as one of the essential factors in the chemotherapy of all malignant gliomas, in particular since it is itself free of all haematological complications, even at high doses, and causes scarcely any allergic problems.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Treatment of a case of grave orthostatic hypotension (Shy-Drager's syndrome) by an association of L-dopa and mono-amine-oxidase inhibitor (author's transl)].

The authors report a case of grave orthostatic hypotension (Shy-Drager's syndrome) with major postural disturbances. The biological test confirmed a catecholaminergic deficiency. After several drugs were tried unsucessfully, an association of L-Dopa and fractionated doses of mono-amine-oxydase inhibitor was proposed. The increase blood pressure was sufficient to block the diturbances of postural adaptation, without inducing hypertensive jerks. The functionnal result have been stable for three years, while the parkinsonian syndrome have shown little progression.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Brachial diplegia--a post ECC neurological complication of a specific type].

Five cases of neurological disorders occurring after extra-corporeal circulation are presented owing to the singular nature of the clinical picture made up by the essential element of a progressive brachial diplegia, free from any sensory disorder. The topography of the lesion--single medullary lesion or bilateral encephalic--is discussed. An anatomic document enables the elimination of any médullary involvement in one of the cases, thus pointing to a bilateral central lesion. The physiopathological problems are looked at.

Adult↗