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Biomedical subjects

G A Gresham

Publications and source records attributed to G A Gresham.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

The ageing of bruises: a review and study of the colour changes with time.

This work was inspired by a recent case of child abuse where the question of the age of the bruises on the body was raised. The first part of this paper reviews published work on bruises. It illustrates the paucity of work in this field and the absence of studies of the colour changes in bruises of human skin with time. The second part of this paper consists of our own study of the appearance of bruises. The aim was to identify the colour changes which occur in bruises and over what time-scale, in order to determine whether bruises can be aged by appearance. A total of 369 photographs were obtained of bruises aged less than 6 h and up to 21 days old, in 89 subjects aged 10-100 years. It was found that the development of a yellow colour was the most significant change (subjects aged less than 65, P less than 0.001; subjects aged greater than or equal to 65 years, P less than 0.001). The development of a yellow colour occurred significantly faster in subjects aged less than 65 years. (P less than 0.001). The appearance of a blue and purple/black colour was of lesser significance. The appearance of a red colour did not alter significantly with time. From this study it was only possible to conclude that a bruise with a yellow colour was more than 18 h old.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Rarity of synovitis in polymyalgia rheumatica.

The joints of 56 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica were examined for evidence of inflammatory synovitis. x Rays, isotope scans, and thermography supplemented clinical examination. Control sternoclavicular joints were examined at necropsy. Peripheral and axial synovitis were uncommon and the results contrast with the findings of several recent studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Tennis elbow. A clinicopathologic study of 22 cases followed for 2 years.

Twenty-two elbows in 20 patients with persistent lateral pain due to epicondylitis had release of the common extensor origin and decortication of the lateral epicondyle. Specimens taken from the lateral epicondyle were examined histologically and compared with controls, and patients were reviewed clinically 2 (1/2-4) years after operation. Following surgery, symptoms were improved in 17 patients. Histologic examination of the bone-tendon junction revealed evidence of a repair response of variable degree, the most frequent features being mucopolysaccharide infiltration and bone formation. Fibrofatty degenerative changes were also present in some cases. There was no correlation between the intensity of the histologic reaction and the clinical outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Are human spermatozoa separated on a Percoll density gradient safe for therapeutic use?

Motile morphologically normal human spermatozoa can be separated from semen by buoyant density centrifugation on Percoll (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals AB, Uppsala, Sweden) gradients. In this study, the authors have examined (1) the efficiency of washing procedures to remove contaminating Percoll particles from the separated spermatozoa, and (2) the potential of Percoll particles, which contain silica, to cause an inflammatory response when used for intrauterine insemination, or when introduced into the fallopian tube during gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) procedures, as assessed by an intraperitoneal injection into mice. Although Percoll was phagocytosed at the injection site, and therefore cannot be presumed to be totally inert, no generalized inflammatory response was detected. A double spin and wash technique was found to remove most residual Percoll from the spermatozoa, as assessed by scanning electron microscopy. These results suggest that procedures involving the use of Percoll for the separation of human spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization, GIFT, or intrauterine insemination should include stringent washing protocols that will remove most, if not all, contaminating Percoll from the sample.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1986

Fat embolism.

Fat embolism is a condition that is underdiagnosed clinically and at autopsy. This paper reviews the causes and pathogenesis of the condition and indicates possible modes of therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver.

A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a hepatic cyst is presented. The neoplasm probably originated in a developmental cyst. Four other cases that were reported previously are reviewed, together with accounts of adenocarcinomas arising in hepatic cysts.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Early bronchiolar damage following paraquat poisoning in mice.

Paraquat causes focal intracellular oedema of the terminal bronchiolar epithelial cells and focal subpleural atelectasis with thickening of the interalveolar septa 1 hr after the administration of an LD50. These changes are progressive, and lead to panacinar atelectasis with necrosis plus sloughing of epithelial cells in many terminal bronchioles. Radioactive phosphatidyl choline (PC) is recoverable by lavage within 90 s of the administration of tritiated palmitate, which supports previous suggestions that one source of pulmonary surfactant is rapid secretion by the terminal bronchiole. Paraquat causes a reduction in the relative amounts of radioactive PC that are recoverable from the airways within 90 s of giving tritiated palmitate. A deficiency of pulmonary surfactant of bronchiolar origin is implicated, at least in part, in the pathogenesis of the acute phase of the paraquat lesion in mice.

Animals↗