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Biomedical subjects

G A Finerman

Publications and source records attributed to G A Finerman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Diphosphonate treatment of Paget's disease.

Ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) was administered in a dose of 20 mg/kg/d to 21 patients with symptomatic Paget's disease. All patients were treated for 6 months and then followed for an additional 6 months. There was a striking decline in serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxy-proline excretion observed after 3 months of therapy which was not significantly improved in the succeeding 3 months. Concomitantly there was marked improvement in clinical symptoms and bone scans. Following cessation of therapy, continued biochemical and clinical evidence of remission persisted. Several patients on repeat treatment with EHDP appeared to respond promptly. Side effects were minimal except for a possibly related osteomalacia and increased incidence of pathologic fractures.

Aged↗
PubMed1969

Dietary perturbation of calcium metabolism in normal man: compartmental analysis.

The effect of dietary calcium intake on calcium metabolism was studied in eight normal volunteers by multicompartmental analysis of radiocalcium and balance data. In paired studies of six normal subjects on normal and high or low calcium intakes, necessary and sufficient criteria were used to determine changes in calcium metabolic parameters produced by alterations in dietary calcium. These changes involved gastrointestinal calcium absorption rate, renal and endogenous fecal rate constants, and bone resorption rate. Bone accretion rate and compartment sizes need not change between the paired studies. The changes of parameters involving kidney, gut, and bone were in a direction to support calcium homeostasis and were compatible with the pattern of changes produced by parathyroid hormone. However, the source of the stimulus for hormone secretion was not apparent since plasma calcium concentrations showed no significant difference between paired studies. The implications of these findings relative to control of hormone secretion, calcium regulatory mechanisms, and metabolic bone disease are discussed.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An analysis of roller skating injuries.

This study retrospectively examines 186 patients treated for roller skating-related injuries. The average patient age was 25.3 years, with males comprising 44% and females 56% of the patients. Of the 202 injuries, there were 130 fractures and 72 soft tissue injuries. The majority of the injuries involved the wrist (47%), while the elbow ranked second (14%) and the ankle third (10%). All fractures of the tibia-fibula and ankle involved a rotational mechanism, with 75% of ankle fractures involving the posterior malleolus. Ankle fractures accounted for 46% of all surgical cases. Although inexperienced skaters were involved in 77% of all accidents, experienced skaters' injuries required surgery twice as often. Female roller skaters were more frequently injured, but males had three times more operations. Over 90% of the skaters wore no protection. Skaters who seldom participated in other sports had a higher probability of being injured earlier, especially on their first try. This study indicates that roller skating injuries are influenced by skating experience, surface texture, skate type and quality, and protective equipment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Three-dimensional cinematographic analysis of water polo throwing in elite performers.

Thirteen members of the United States Men's Water Polo Team were filmed using two synchronized cameras while shooting at a goal. Three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of the throwers' shoulder, elbow, wrist, and the ball were used to estimate elbow angle, elbow angular velocity, and ball velocity at release. Ball release velocities ranged from 14.5 to 25.8 m/sec, with peak elbow angular velocities averaging 1137 degrees/sec. Peak elbow angular velocity typically was reached just prior (x = 28 msec) to release as the elbow approached full extension. Results are significant in establishing the efficacy of 3D techniques in evaluating throwing mechanics and may prove useful in: identifying characteristics of superior performers, assessing differences in throwing technique between injured and non-injured populations, and providing a kinematic data base for further studies of throwing kinetics and potential injury mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging as a tool for evaluation of traumatic knee injuries. Anatomical and pathoanatomical correlations.

Traumatic injury to the knee remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been applied to musculoskeletal pathoanatomy and has been shown to be an effective tool for definition and characterization of knee pathology. A systematic approach is taken to establish anatomical and pathoanatomical correlations, as well as the role of MRI in the management of knee injuries. Imaging was performed at the UCLA Medical Center using a permanent magnet system and a combination of solenoidal surface coils and thin-section, high-resolution scanning techniques. Images depict structural anatomical and spatial details of the knee that correlate well with corresponding cadaveric cryosections. To determine pathoanatomical correlations and the efficacy of MRI, 105 patients with preoperative diagnoses of meniscal tears, anterior and posterior cruciate ligament tears, tibial plateau fracture, and patella and quadriceps injuries were imaged. Results indicated that for the medial meniscus MRI demonstrated a 95.7% sensitivity, 81.8% specificity, 90% accuracy, 88.2% positive predictive value (PPV), and 93.1% negative predictive value (NPV). Imaging of the lateral meniscus demonstrated a 75% sensitivity, 95% specificity, 91% accuracy, 80% PPV, and 94% NPV. MRI of the ACL revealed 100% sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values. MRI is a noninvasive tool which uses no ionizing radiation and can accurately define and characterize anatomy and pathoanatomy. This study indicates that MRI in conjunction with clinical evaluation can contribute to treatment decision-making processes and assist in preoperative planning. An algorithm demonstrating the potential clinical use of MRI is presented.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Kinematic analysis of human upper extremity movements in boxing.

Using two synchronized cameras, four experienced boxers were filmed while they threw a series of punches at a practice bag. Three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of each boxer's shoulder, elbow, wrist, and glove were used to estimate linear and angular kinematics of the upper extremity. Average velocities at contact ranged from 5.9 to 8.2 m/s with peak velocities of 6.6 to 12.5 m/s reached 8 to 21 ms prior to hand/grove contact with the bag. Significant differences in shoulder and wrist velocitie, elbow angle excursions, and elbow angular velocities were seen when comparing hooks and jabs. Few differences were evident when comparing the kinematics of gloved versus bare-handed punches. Results are significant in providing kinematic data characteristic of experienced performers, which may be used in a kinetic model of punch impact and its relationship to potential injury mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging of the glenoid labrum.

Shoulder complaints are common in the athletic population. Successful treatment is dependent upon the ability to correctly identify the pathologic changes associated with a specific disorder and arrive at an accurate diagnosis. Labral abnormalities are traditionally associated with glenohumeral instability. Isolated labral tears or degenerative changes may also cause shoulder dysfunction. A reliable clinical tool to assess the status of the labrum would be useful for diagnosis and management of shoulder disorders. The magnetic resonance images of 48 shoulders that had subsequent surgical examination of their labra were reviewed with respect to labral appearance. Labra appearing as abnormal were further classified as torn, degenerative, or eroded. Surgical examination was used as the reference standard. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated high levels of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy for evaluation of the glenoid labrum. Magnetic resonance imaging is a reliable and accurate method for depicting the status of the glenoid labrum. Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the labrum may assist the clinician in distinguishing the varying forms of shoulder dysfunction and facilitate diagnosis and effective treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging of the posterior cruciate ligament. Clinical use to improve diagnostic accuracy.

This study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance image scanning in detecting posterior cruciate ligament injury, and to determine those clinical situations where it can add the most useful information. A retrospective study was conducted on 201 patients who underwent surgery after magnetic resonance scanning of their knees. Two additional patients who did not have surgery but had clinical findings grossly positive for posterior cruciate ligament injury were included in the analysis of magnetic resonance imaging accuracy. In all, there were 190 intact and 13 torn posterior cruciate ligaments. In a review of the clinical findings in the 11 patients with surgically documented tears, we found that all 11 had positive magnetic resonance scans. In 4 of the 11, magnetic resonance imaging provided especially useful information regarding the status of the ligament. For the 190 normal ligaments, there were no false-positive scans; for the 13 torn ligaments, there were no false-negative scans. Therefore, specificity and sensitivity estimates for this group were both 100%. Magnetic resonance imaging proved to be an accurate modality for evaluating the integrity of the posterior cruciate ligament. If used in the proper setting, it can provide useful information for diagnosing posterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rupture of Lisfranc's ligament in athletes.

Ligamentous injuries to the tarsometatarsal joints are uncommon and usually result from violent trauma to the forefoot. A more subtle tarsometatarsal injury consisting of an isolated diastasis of the first and second tarsometatarsal rays has recently been described. This injury is thought to be caused by a rupture of Lisfranc's ligament. Nine injuries that occurred during athletics are described. History and physical findings are crucial for arousing the clinician's suspicion for this injury, but confirmation can best be obtained by comparison weight-bearing radiographs; the space between the first and second metatarsal bases may be widened 2 to 5 mm. Nonoperative treatment consisting of casting and the use of crutches for 4 to 6 weeks was successful in returning patients back to athletics; however, the time to return to competition averaged 4 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Local anesthesia for knee arthroscopy. Efficacy and cost benefits.

We performed a retrospective review of a series of knee arthroscopic procedures that were completed using local, general, or regional anesthesia to evaluate the efficacy of these anesthetic techniques. Operative time, complications or failures, procedures successfully performed, recovery room time and postoperative stay, and patient satisfaction were recorded. Local anesthesia with intravenous sedation compared favorably with the other techniques: operative time was not increased, a large variety of operative procedures were successfully completed, recovery time was significantly shortened, and patient satisfaction remained high. This technique offers several advantages over other types of anesthesia for knee arthroscopy, including improved cost effectiveness.

Adolescent↗