Biomedical subjects

Faruk Ayhan Basciftci

Publications and source records attributed to Faruk Ayhan Basciftci.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Chronologic age and skeletal maturation of the cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist: is there a relationship?

INTRODUCTION: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the relationship between chronologic age and maturation of cervical vertebrae, (2) to identify the relationship between chronologic age and maturation stage evaluated by hand-wrist radiographs, and (3) to determine whether the maturation of cervical vertebrae correlates with maturation indicated by hand-wrist radiographs in a Turkish population. METHODS: The samples were derived from lateral cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs of 503 subjects (213 male, 290 female; ages, 5.3-24.1 years). Cervical vertebral development was evaluated by the method of Hassel and Farman. Skeletal maturation of each hand-wrist radiograph was determined according to the method described by Björk and Grave, and Brown's system. The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients were estimated separately for males and females to measure the relationships among chronologic age, cervical vertebral maturation, and the skeletal maturation measured at the hand-wrist. RESULTS: The Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.72 (P <.001) between chronologic age and cervical vertebrae skeletal maturation, and 0.79 (P < .001) between chronologic age and maturation via hand-wrist radiographs. The correlation coefficient between hand-wrist and cervical-vertebrae maturation was 0.86 (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: The cervical-vertebrae maturation stages are clinically useful maturity indicators of the pubertal growth period Turkish subjects.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Conventional and high-intensity halogen light effects on polymerization shrinkage of orthodontic adhesives.

The objectives of this study were to compare the polymerization shrinkage of three orthodontic adhesives. In addition we wanted to determine the effectiveness of the high-intensity quartz tungsten halogen (HQTH) in curing orthodontic adhesives on polymerization shrinkage with that of the quartz tungsten halogen (QTH). A total of 120 glass ring molds were prepared using a low-speed saw. The internal surface of the glass rings were roughened and etched. Adhesive pastes were placed into the glass molds, which were sandwiched between two glass slides. Samples were divided into six groups according to the combination of three orthodontic adhesives (Kurasper F, Light Bond, and Transbond XT) and two light intensities. One half of each 40 samples of three adhesive pastes was polymerized for 20 seconds by a QTH (Hilux 350), and the other half was polymerized for 10 seconds by a HQTH (Optilux 501). The volumetric polymerization shrinkage for each system was measured through the specific density method modified by Puckett and Smith. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance for intergroup comparisons. The HQTH-curing unit resulted in a more polymerization shrinkage than did the QTH for all investigated adhesives. However, no statistically significant differences were found. The highest shrinkage was observed for Light Bond cured with HQTH (1.59 +/- 0.82%), and the lowest value was observed for Transbond XT cured with QTH (1.23 +/- 0.60%). There are no significant differences in polymerization shrinkage of the three investigated orthodontic adhesives when polymerized with a QTH or a HQTH.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed2005

Effects of camouflage treatment on dentofacial structures in Class II division 1 mandibular retrognathic patients.

The aims of this study were to determine the changes in the dentofacial structures of Class II division 1 mandibular retrognathic patients treated with bilateral extraction of the upper first premolars, and to compare pre- and post-treatment values with the cephalometric norms of Anatolian Turkish adults. The Class II division 1 subjects included 20 males and 33 females (mean age: 17.08 +/- 1.03 years). All received comprehensive orthodontic treatment using an edgewise appliance and appropriate headgear. Lateral cephalograms were taken at the beginning and end of treatment. Twenty-five (14 linear and 11 angular) measurements were analysed on each radiograph. Each cephalogram was traced and digitized. For statistical evaluation, paired and independent-samples t-tests were performed. When the pre- and post-treatment measurements were compared, statistically significant differences were found for nine of 25 measurements. During treatment the facial axis, U1-SN ( degrees ), U1-NA (mm), U1-NA ( degrees ), H angle and upper lip to E plane measurements decreased, while N-ANS, interincisal angle and upper lip to Steiner S line increased. No statistically significant gender differences were found. Significant improvements were determined in ANS-Me and L1-APo measurements compared with Turkish norms. However, statistically significant deterioration was found in values related to point A, upper incisor and lower lip measurements. The findings demonstrates that camouflage treatment in Class II, mandibular retrognathic subjects has characteristic skeletal, dental and soft tissue effects on the dentofacial complex.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

The association of occlusal factors with masticatory muscle tenderness in 10- to 19-year old Turkish subjects.

The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the relationship between occlusal factors and masticatory muscle tenderness among 10- to 19-year-old (mean 14 years eight months) Turkish subjects and (2) to identify possible sex differences between them. The sample consisted of 716 individuals (355 male and 361 female subjects). Tenderness with palpation of masseter and temporalis muscles and functional manipulation of lateral and medial pterygoid muscles was registered. The examiners recorded the Angle classification bilaterally for molars, presence of anterior and posterior crossbites, excessive overjet, open and deep bites, functional shift, and severity of anterior crowding. Associations between the occlusal factors and muscle tenderness according to sex were evaluated with chi-square analysis. Statistically significant associations were found between masticatory muscle tenderness and all the investigated occlusal factors except posterior crossbite and functional shift. Masseter, medial, and lateral pterygoid muscle tenderness was higher in female subjects. Medial and lateral pterygoid muscle tenderness in Class I cases and masseter and medial pterygoid muscle tenderness in Class II, division 1 malocclusion cases were higher in female subjects (P < .05). In open-bite cases, medial pterygoid muscle tenderness (P < .05), in deep-bite cases, masseter (P < .01) and medial pterygoid (P < .05) muscle tenderness, and in excessive overjet cases, masseter muscle tenderness (P < .05) were also higher in female subjects. These results suggest that greater masticatory muscle tenderness in female subjects may contribute to the greater prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in them.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and malocclusion: is there a relation?

The aims of this study were to identify the possible sex differences in tooth size ratios between males and females, to determine whether there is a difference in the incidence of tooth size discrepancies for both the anterior and overall ratios when comparing with Angle Class I; Class II, division 1; Class II, division 2; and Class III malocclusion groups, to compare the tooth size ratios of different malocclusion groups with the anterior and overall tooth size ratios of 150 untreated normal occlusion subjects. In addition, the aim was to determine the percentage of tooth size discrepancies outside 2 SD from Bolton means for tooth ratios present in each malocclusion group and in the overall sample of this study. This study consisted of 150 subjects who served as the normal occlusion group and 560 patients who showed four different malocclusion characteristics (Angle Class I; Class II, division 1; Class II, division 2; and Class III). Tooth size measurements were performed on the models of normal occlusion and pretreatment models. For statistical evaluation, Student's t-test, analysis of variance and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference tests were performed. A significant sex difference was found only in the overall ratio for normal occlusion subjects (P < .001). All malocclusion groups showed statistically significant higher overall ratios than the normal occlusion group (P < .001). There were no statistically significant differences among malocclusion groups; however, there were a large number of patients within each group who had discrepancies greater than 2 SD from the mean. Further investigations are needed to explain the probable racial differences and relationships between malocclusion and tooth size measurements.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Craniofacial structure of Anatolian Turkish adults with normal occlusions and well-balanced faces.

This study aimed to develop cephalometric standards for Anatolian Turkish men and women. Fifty young men (mean age [+/- standard deviation], 22.61 +/- 1.22) and 55 young women (mean age, 22.14 +/- 1.44 years) were studied. All subjects were born to Turkish parents and grandparents and were 19 to 25 years old. All had Class I occlusions with minor or no crowding, normal growth and development, well-aligned maxillary and mandibular dental arches, all teeth present except third molars, good facial symmetry determined clinically and radiographically, no significant medical history, no history of trauma, no previous orthodontic or prosthodontic treatment, and no maxillofacial or plastic surgery. Twenty-five measurements (14 linear and 11 angular) were analyzed on each radiograph. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated for each measurement. For statistical evaluation, independent-samples t tests were performed. Our established values were compared with the norms of other investigators who studied facial esthetics. Significant racial differences were found in skeletal measurements (anterior nasal spine [ANS] to menton), dental measurements (maxillary incisor to sella-nasion plane, mandibular incisor to nasion-Point B line, and mandibular incisor to mandibular plane), and soft tissue measurements (H angle, upper lip to E plane, and upper lip to Steiner S line). Significant sex differences were found in the measurements condylion to A point, condylion to gnathion, ANS to menton, and nasion to ANS. It is appropriate to put these cephalometric norms into daily orthodontic practice when an Anatolian Turkish population is being treated.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Biomechanical evaluation of mandibular midline distraction osteogenesis by using the finite element method.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical effects of mandibular midline distraction osteogenesis on the mandibular complex by using a 3-dimensional finite element model, whose construction was based on computer tomography scans of the mandible of a 22-year-old man. The computer tomography pictures were transferred and converted to the finite element model by means of a procedure developed for this study. The final mesh consisted of 1314 solid elements with 3076 nodes. The distraction was performed on the middle intersection point of the vertical and horizontal planes on the mandibular symphysis. The mechanical response in terms of displacement and von Mises stresses was determined by widening the mandible up to 5 mm on both sides. The results indicate that the mandible was separated almost in a parallel manner (4.45-5.0 mm separation from the mandibular incisors to the lower border of the mandibular symphysis and 4.09-4.92 mm from the mandibular canines to the symphyseal border at the canine region), superoanteriorly. Anteroposterior evaluation demonstrated that the greatest widening was achieved at the symphyseal region, and the widening effect gradually decreased from anterior to posterior. Viewed occlusally, the width of the mandibular bone at the symphyseal region increased remarkably, whereas the ramal and gonial regions of the mandible and the condyle had shown minimal displacement. Mandibular bone was displaced forward and slightly downward. The highest stress levels were observed bilaterally below the condylar areas. High stress levels were also observed in the ramal region of the mandible.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

The influence of extraction treatment on Holdaway soft-tissue measurements.

The aims of this study were (1) to determine the changes in the soft-tissue measurements of orthodontic patients treated with four first premolars extractions as determined by the Holdaway Analysis, (2) to investigate the sexual differences between pre- and posttreatment values, and (3) to compare the Holdaway soft-tissue norms with findings in Anatolian Turkish adults. Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms of 58 patients (26 boys and 32 girls) were evaluated. During treatment, the H angle, soft tissue subnasale to H line, and upper-lip strain decreased, and the upper-lip thickness, inferior sulcus to H line, and nose prominence increased. No statistically significant sex differences were found between the pre- and posttreatment values of the four premolar extraction cases. When the pretreatment values were compared with the Holdaway soft-tissue norms of Anatolian Turkish adults, seven variables showed statistically significant differences. When the posttreatment values were compared, six measurements showed statistically significant differences. It was determined that some measurements (H angle, inferior sulcus to H line, upper-lip thickness) moved closer to the Anatolian Turkish norms with extraction of four first premolars. However, upper-lip strain measurement changed in an undesirable direction during the treatment. In this study, the sample began treatment with greater facial imbalance, and the facial esthetics improved during treatment. It is necessary to investigate this difference in future studies using larger sample sizes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

A comparison of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion and fan-type rapid maxillary expansion on dentofacial structures.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the sagittal, transverse, and vertical effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and fan-type RME on dentofacial structures. The study group consisted of 34 patients, 14 boys and 20 girls (average age 12.5 years), selected without considering their skeletal class and sex. The fan-type RME group comprised 17 subjects, who had an anterior constricted maxilla with a normal intermolar width. The RME group comprised 17 other subjects, who had a maxillary transverse discrepancy with a posterior crossbite. The records obtained for each patient included a lateral and a frontal cephalometric film, upper plaster models, and occlusal radiograph obtained before treatment (T1), after expansion (T2), and immediately after a three-month retention period (T3). The data obtained from the evaluation of the records before and after treatment, after treatment and after retention, and before treatment and after retention were compared using paired t-test. Further comparisons between the groups were made using Student's t-test. There was significantly greater expansion in the intercanine than in the intermolar width in the fan-type RME group as compared with the RME group. Downward and forward movement of the maxilla was observed in both groups. The upper incisors were tipped palatally in the RME group, but they were tipped labially in the fan-type RME group. There was significantly greater expansion in the nasal cavity and maxillary width in the RME group as opposed to the fan-type RME group.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed2004

The effects of early preorthodontic trainer treatment on Class II, division 1 patients.

The aim of this study was to clarify the dentoskeletal treatment effects induced by a preorthodontic trainer appliance treatment on Class II, division 1 cases. Twenty patients (10 girls and 10 boys, mean age 9.6 +/- 1.3 years) with a Class II, division 1 malocclusion were treated with preorthodontic trainer appliances (Myofunctional Research Co., Queensland, Australia). The patients were instructed to use the trainer every day for one hour and overnight while they slept. A control group of 20 patients (mean age 10.2 +/- 0.8 years) with untreated Class II, division 1 malocclusions was used to eliminate possible growth effects. Lateral cephalograms were taken at the start and end of treatment. Final cephalograms were taken 13.1 +/- 1.8 months after trainer application, compared with a mean of 11.2 +/- 2.4 months later for the control group. The mean and standard deviations for cephalometric measurements were analyzed by paired-samples t-test and independent-samples t-tests. At the end of the study period, the trainer group subjects showed significant changes including anterior rotation and sagittal growth of the mandible, increased SNB and facial height, reduced ANB, increased lower incisor proclination, retroclination of upper incisors, and overjet reduction. However, only total facial height increase, lower incisor proclination, and overjet reduction were significantly higher when compared with the changes observed in the control group. This study demonstrates that the preorthodontic trainer application induces basically dentoalveolar changes that result in significant reduction of overjet and can be used with appropriate patient selection.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2004

Relationships between dental and skeletal maturity in Turkish subjects.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the stages of calcification of various teeth and skeletal maturity stages among Turkish subjects. The samples were derived from dental panoramic and hand-wrist radiographs of 500 subjects (215 males and 285 females). Calcification of the mandibular canines, first and second premolars, and second and third molars was rated according to the system of Demirjian. To evaluate the stage of skeletal maturation of each hand-wrist radiograph, nine ossification events were determined according to the systems of Björk, and Grave and Brown. Statistically significant relationships were determined between dental calcification and skeletal maturity stages according to Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients. Correlations between dental development and skeletal maturity ranged from .490 to 0.826 for females and .414 to .706 for males (P < .01). The second molar showed the highest correlation and the third molar showed the lowest correlation for female and male subjects. For both sexes, root formation of the canine as well as the first premolar was completed in the majority of the subjects at the MP3cap, PP1cap, Rcap stages. Because of the high correlation coefficients, this study suggests that tooth calcification stages from panoramic radiographs might be clinically useful as a maturity indicator of the pubertal growth period. It is appropriate to put these skeletal and dental maturation relationships into daily orthodontic diagnostic practice, when treating a Turkish patient.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

The relationship between bruxism and occlusal factors among seven- to 19-year-old Turkish children.

The aim of this study was (1) to investigate the relationship between occlusal factors and bruxism among 965 Turkish subjects (472 boys and 493 girls) with a mean age of 12.8 years (range, seven to 19 years); and (2) to identify possible sex differences between girls and boys. This sample was divided into two groups of bruxers or nonbruxers based on a clinical examination and self-reports. The examiner recorded the Angle molar classification bilaterally, severity of anterior crowding, existence of anterior and posterior crossbite, open and deep bite, functional shift, and excessive overjet. The relationships between occlusal factors and bruxism and sex differences between boys and girls were evaluated with chi-square analysis (chi2) using the SPSS software package. The results showed that bruxism was diagnosed in 12.6% of all subjects. The evaluation of the findings indicated that no statistically significant relationships were determined between bruxism and occlusal factors. No sex differences were found between occlusal factors in relation to bruxism. The prevalence of bruxism in boys and girls was similar, and no statistically significant differences were found. It is concluded that none of the occlusal factors seem to play a role in the development of bruxism. However, additional longitudinal studies with larger samples need to be conducted to determine if there is any relationship between occlusal factors and bruxism.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Can previously bleached teeth be bonded safely?

The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of a 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent on the shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets. Sixty premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 each. Teeth in group A were etched with 37% phosphoric acid before bonding metallic premolar brackets. Teeth in the other 2 groups were bleached with a 35% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching agent according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Twenty bleached teeth (group B) were bonded immediately, and the other 20 (group C) were stored in artificial saliva for 30 days before bonding. Shear bond strength of these brackets was measured on a universal testing machine and recorded in MPa. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were determined after the brackets failed. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests. The shear bond strength values of groups A, B, and C were 12.9 +/- 3.4, 12.0 +/- 4.6, and 14.8 +/- 4.0 MPa, respectively. Results of ANOVA showed no statistically significant differences in shear bond strengths between groups (P >.05). ARI scores were significantly different in all groups. The unbleached group's failures were primarily at the bracket/adhesive interface, whereas the bleached groups either showed cohesive failures within the adhesive or failed at the adhesive/enamel interface. The results of this study suggest that office bleaching with hydrogen peroxide does not adversely affect the bond strengths of brackets bonded immediately after bleaching or 30 days after bleaching, even though bleaching can result in differences in the failure site.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed2003

Effects of extraction and nonextraction treatment on class I and class II subjects.

This study aims to examine the profile as well as the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects of extraction or nonextraction treatment in a wide range of patients including Class I and Class II, division 1 cases. Results achieved with extraction and nonextraction modalities have also been compared. The study was performed on pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms of 87 orthodontic patients. There were no significant differences between the pretreatment values of extraction and nonextraction Class I groups, whereas SN-GoGn (degrees), maxillary incisor to A-Po (degrees), mandibular incisor to A-Po (mm), Co-Gn (mm), overjet (mm), and overbite (mm) measurements of extraction Class II group were significantly higher before the treatment. After treatment, these differences were eliminated in the Class II group; however, incisors were significantly protruded in both nonextraction groups. No other differences in profile or lip position were found between the extraction and nonextraction groups. The results of this study indicate that in successfully treated cases, whether by extraction or nonextraction, the same soft and hard tissue profile posttreatment end points were reached except for the incisor positioning, which is rather easier to anticipate than profile and soft tissue changes. The simple statement that extraction means a more retrusive or dished-in profile seems to be unacceptable. It seems that a more thorough assessment and investigation including pretreatment extent of crowding and factors related to anchorage, soft tissue thickness, and strain should be carried out.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on nocturnal enuresis.

One of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a reduction in nighttime bed-wetting. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the effects of RME on nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children who are liable to psychosocial stress conditions. Eight children (six boys and two girls) who had not responded to different conventional medical treatments were included in the study. The subjects were between eight and 11 years of age with a mean age of nine years five months, and were residents of a government orphanage. All the children wet the bed at least one time every night and previously had been subjected to unsuccessful conventional treatment modalities. Maxillary expansion was performed using a rigid acrylic RME device. Lateral and PA cephalometric films and dental casts were used in the assessment of the dentofacial and nasopharyngeal structures. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test. In seven of the eight children, remarkable improvement was observed in NE after three to six mm RME. At the end of eight months observation, the mean rate of improvement in bed-wetting in the seven successful subjects was 74.2% (57.6-87.5%). The findings also indicated significant changes in the nasomaxillary structures and nasopharyngeal airway dimensions with the use of RME. However, none of the subjects became completely dry, and the disorder is probably multicausal including psychological emotions and tensions. This study demonstrated that RME treatment could cause relief for the enuretic children. However, the long-term success rate is still questionable.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2003

Rapid maxillary expansion. Is it better in the mixed or in the permanent dentition?

The aim of this study was to compare the dentoskeletal effects of a modified acrylic-bonded rapid maxillary expansion (RME) device when it is used in the mixed and permanent dentitions. The study group consisted of 51 patients in the mixed and permanent dentition (26 girls and 25 boys) who underwent RME treatment. Group 1 was composed of 34 subjects in the mixed dentition (19 girls and 15 boys; mean age, 9.2 +/- 1.3 years). Group 2 consisted of 17 subjects in the permanent dentition (seven girls and 10 boys; mean age 12.7 +/- 1.2 years). Lateral and frontal cephalograms and upper dental casts were collected before treatment (T1), after treatment (T2), and after retention (T3). Intragroup and intergroup changes were evaluated by paired t-test and Student's t-test, respectively. In both groups after RME, the maxilla moved forward; mandible rotated posteriorly; facial height increased; nasal, maxillary, and maxillary intercanine and first molar widths increased; and the upper molars tipped buccally. Almost all these significant changes were stable at follow-up (T3). When overall (T1 - T3) differences were considered, upper molars tipped more, and the ANB angle increased less in the mixed dentition group compared with the permanent dentition group (P < .01). Within the limits of this study, the results suggest that the orthopedic effects of RME are not as great as expected at early ages, and it might be a better alternative to delay RME to early permanent dentition.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2003

Determination of Holdaway soft tissue norms in Anatolian Turkish adults.

The purpose of this study was to determine Holdaway soft tissue standards for Anatolian Turkish adults. The material included the lateral cephalometric radiographs of 175 patients, 90 men and 85 women, selected from the dental students at Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. After analyzing these radiographs, 105 subjects (55 men, mean age 22.61, and 50 women, mean age, 22.14) with normal anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationships were selected for the study. Ten linear and 2 angular measurements were analyzed on each radiograph. The landmarks were located according to the definitions of Holdaway. For each variable, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated. For statistical evaluation, an independent-samples t test was performed. Except for the measurements of soft tissue chin thickness and basic upper lip thickness, all soft tissue measurements were similar to Holdaway norms. For nose prominence, inferior sulcus to H line, upper lip strain, soft tissue chin thickness, and basic upper lip thickness measurements, statistically significant sex differences were determined. We believe it is appropriate to use these Anatolian Turkish soft tissue norms in daily orthodontic practice.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

The effects of activator treatment on the craniofacial structures of Class II division 1 patients.

The aim of the present study was to clarify the skeletal treatment effects induced by activator treatment. Fifty actively growing patients with Class II division 1 malocclusions were treated with an activator appliance. A control group consisting of longitudinal growth data from 20 patients (untreated Class II division 1 malocclusions) was used to eliminate possible differences in growth pattern. Lateral cephalograms of each patient were taken at the start and end of treatment. Final cephalograms were taken after a mean of 16.4 (+/- 2.0) months activator treatment, compared with a mean of 14.2 (+/- 2.4) months for the control group. Each cephalogram was traced and digitized by the same individual. The mean and standard deviations for linear and angular cephalometric measurements were analysed statistically, and intra- and inter-group changes were evaluated by paired- and independent-sample t-tests. At the end of the study period, the overjet was decreased in all patients. Ramus height, corpus length, anterior and posterior face height all increased significantly (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, ANB angle decreased and the bite was opened. The activator appliance caused maxillary incisor lingual tipping and mandibular incisor labial tipping. The overjet was decreased as a result of the increased forward growth of the mandible and dentoalveolar changes. The results demonstrated that the activator appliance has a characteristic skeletal and dental effect on the developing craniofacial complex.

Activator Appliances↗