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Biomedical subjects

F Yamamoto

Publications and source records attributed to F Yamamoto.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Contribution of prostaglandin to the contraction induced by catecholamines in the isolated gallbladder of the guinea-pig.

Possible contribution of prostaglandins to the mechanical response produced by catecholamines was investigated in the isolated strips of the guinea-pig gallbladder. The contraction by catecholamine was blocked by an alpha-blocker, phentolamine (10(-6)M and relaxation was blocked by a beta-blocker, propranolol (10(-6)M. The rhythmic spontaneous motility and intrinsic tone were markedly inhibited by a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin (10(-7)M. Furthermore, exogenous prostaglandins F2 alpha, E1 and E2 produced potent stimulant actions on gallbladder and the order of potency was found to be E2 > E1 > F2 alpha. The contractile response of catecholamines was abolished almost completely by indomethacin (10(-7)M. Even after the muscle tone was elevated by exogenous prostaglandin after treatment with indomethacin, catecholamine produced no contractile response, although it still relaxed the preparation through activation of beta-receptor. Based on these results, it was suggested that endogenous prostaglandins appear to be contributed to the alpha-action of catecholamines in the isolated guinea-pig gallbladder.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Intranasal flunisolide in the treatment of perennial rhinitis: Correlation with immunologic parameters.

The effectiveness and safety of 200 micrograms/day of intranasal flunisolide in the treatment of perennial rhinitis was studied in 56 patients in a 6 wk double-blind parallel vehicle controlled clinical trial. In addition, patients failing to respond to placebo were entered into a 6 wk open trial with the active drug. Forty-six percent of the flunisolide-treated patients achieved total or substantial control of their nasal symptoms compared to 11% of the placebo-treated group in the double-blind study (p = 0.031). Eighty percent of patients achieved total or substantial control of their nasal symptoms in the 6 wk open study. No adverse effects attributable to flunisolide were observed. Parameters of IgE-mediated reactivity, including immediate-type skin test reactivity, total serum and nasal secretion IgE, specific serum and nasal secretion IgE, and nasal eosinophilia, were also assessed in these patients. Although benefit from flunisolide significantly correlated with all of these parameters except specific serum IgE, the absence of these findings did not preclude significant benefit from the drug. This study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of intranasal flunisolide in the treatment of perennial rhinitis, especially but not exclusively in those patients with evidence of IgE-mediated reactivity.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1978

A new approach to absorptive function of gallbladder.

To investigate the mechanism of concentration of bile, the normal canine gallbladders were cannulated through the cystic duct into the gallbladder neck with polyethylene tube, and hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic salines as well as hepatic and gallbladder biles were placed in the gallbladder. Low molecular electrolytes such as Na+ and Cl- were transported across the epithelial membrane against water flux. The hepatic bile was decreased markedly in volume and each level of electrolytes including bile acids approached that in the gallbladder bile. The different results were obtained by concentration of the hepatic bile in the gallbladder with chemically induced cholecystitis.

Absorption↗
PubMed1978

Administration of local anesthetics to patients with a history of prior adverse reaction.

The clinical histories of 71 patients evaluated for suspected local anesthetic (LA) allergy were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical histories were classified into (1) immediate generalized reactions (15%), (2) localized swelling at the injection site (25%), (3) nonspecific systemic symptoms (42%), and (4) other histories (17%). Serial dilutional intradermal skin tests were performed with mepivacaine, lidocaine, and procaine in 59 patients. There were 5 skin test--positive patients found, and each had a positive reaction to an LA to which, by history, they had not reacted. In 50 patients, when an LA was subsequently required, a subcutaneous challenge was performed with an LA chosen for chemical nonsimilarity. No significant reactions were observed in this group. Three patients tolerated a challenge with an LA to which they were skin test--positive. These data indicate (1) the low incidence of reactions compatible with a systemic IgE-mediated mechanism by history in patients referred for evaluation of LA allergy, (2) the lack of specific and clinically relevant information provided by dilutional skin tests, and (3) the apparent safety and usefulness of careful challenge with an alternative LA.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1978

Steroid-dependent asthma treated with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate in children.

The efficacy of beclomethasone diproprionate aerosal (BDA) was studied in 27 steroid-dependent asthmatic children. In the double-blind portion of the study BDA was found to be superior to placebo. The benefits of BDA therapy were sustained through the two-year, open-label portion of the study. Adverse effects were few and minor. Transfer from oral corticosteroid therapy to BDA was carried out uneventfully and was not associated with untoward effects.

Adolescent↗