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Biomedical subjects

F Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to F Yamaguchi.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Toxic neuropathy as a complication of thiophenicol therapy.

Two cases with sensory neuropathy due to thiophenicol therapy are reported. Thiophenicol neuropathy is hitherto unreported in literature published in English. Neurological manifestations of these cases were similar to those of chloramphenicol neuropathy, but rather marked impairment of position sense in the lower extremities was characteristic. Thiophenicol neuropathy reported in Japanese literature was reviewed and it is concluded that thiophenicol administered in large doses (70-150 g) or for long periods (more than 3-5 months) appeared to have a toxic effect on the nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of in vitro methods using peripheral whole blood to selecting highly susceptible individuals among common squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) to bacterial lipopolysaccharides.

The present study was designed to elucidate whether the individual susceptibility of common squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can be predicted by in vitro testing batteries performed in advance. Of the in vitro tests, the blastogenic response (n = 11) to LPS was determined by a micro-blood culture technique, and the production (n = 6) of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) released into the culture medium was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosolvent assay (ELISA). In the blastogenic assay, four out of 11 animals showed an increase in the uptake of [3H]thymidine in a concentration-dependent manner (LPS-positive reaction), while seven remaining animals did not show any response to LPS (LPS-negative reaction). Among the cytokines employed, an elevation in TNF-alpha production was noted in three out of six animals employed without affecting IL-1beta and IL-6 productions. After the completion of in vitro examinations, LPS was administered subcutaneously at 0.3 mg/kg to these animals (n = 11) for 14 consecutive days. The six monkeys including either four animals showing a LPS-positive reaction or three animals having an increase in TNF-alpha production exhibited moribund conditions from days 3 to 12, and five remaining monkeys including five animals showing a LPS-negative reaction or three animals having a decrease in TNF-alpha production survived. The extrapolation rate from the in vitro data to the in vivo results was over 80% (9/11) and 100% (6/6) in the blastogenic assay and TNF-alpha production, respectively. These results demonstrate that the in vitro methods can be available to selection of LPS-sensitive squirrel monkeys in advance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Critical appraisal of cerebral blood flow measured from brain stem and cerebellar regions after 133 Xe inhalation in humans.

Validity of regional blood flow (rCBF) measurements recorded over the human posterior fossa after 133Xe inhalation was tested. Recording of counts from both brain stem and cerebellum (BSC) was reproducible and contamination by counts derived from surrounding anatomical structures was low and no greater than that found over hemispheres. BSC values were F1 = 99 +/- 19 ml/100g brain/min, F2 = 17 +/- 4 in reasonable agreement with data reported from experimental animals. BSC flow values showed significant correlation with the state of awareness as judged by clinical and EEG evaluation with lowest F1 values in semicoma and step increases in stupor, non-REM sleep, drowsiness, rest, activation, REM sleep and highest values during focal and generalized epileptic seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-telomerase therapy suppressed glioma proliferation.

In order to determine if telomerase activity contributes to the growth of glioma cells, we constructed an anti-telomerase vector to suppress telomerase expression in glioma cells. The human telomerase (hTR)-antisense vector showed a significant suppression effect. However it did not appear to induce cell death as a stable population of cells survived more than two months following transfection. These results provide evidence that reagents aimed at inhibiting telomerase may represent a useful strategy for suppressing the growth of glioma cells. In addition to telomerase, another mechanism would also maintain telomere length, thus supporting continuous cell proliferation.

Cell Division↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental treatment of malignant gliomas with human monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates.

This study was designed to determine whether the monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates are more potent than the free drugs in killing human glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. The anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DXR) and 4'-epi-doxorubicin (epi-DXR) were separately conjugated to the human monoclonal antibody (mAb) CLNIgG, which binds strongly to human malignant glioma cells. The cytotoxic activity of the mAb-drug conjugates was assessed by a 3H-thymidine assay in vitro. The efficacy, biodistribution and autography of the immunoconuugates were examined using the subcutaneous glioma model (nude mouse). The epi-DXR-CLNIgG conjugate was found to be 11 times more potent than free epi-DXR in killing glioma cells in vitro, and epi-DXR-CLNIgG clearly achieved the most favorable antitumor effects. A biodistribution study using [14-14C]DXR-CLNIgG at the conjugate indicated that the immunoconjugates delivered DXR to glioma tissues at least five times more than the free DXR alone in nude mice without increasing the concentration in other tissues. An autoradiographic study also showed good accumulation of the antibody-drug conjugate in the subcutaneously transplanted glioma. Thus, the human monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates constitute a potential new approach for the treatment of malignant gliomas.

Animals↗