Biomedical subjects

F X Pizza

Publications and source records attributed to F X Pizza.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Indices of training stress during competitive running and swimming seasons.

Eight male cross-country runners and five male swimmers were tested four times during their collegiate seasons. Each trial corresponded to a different training load. The runners' trials were conducted before the start of organized practice (RT1), after 3 wk of increased training (RT2), 3 wk prior to the conference championship (pre-taper, RT3), and 4 d after the conference championship (post-taper, RT4). The swimmers' trials were conducted after the first 9 wk of training (ST1), after completing 2 wk of hard training (ST2), after an additional 6 wk of training (pre-taper, ST3) and during a week following the conference championship (post-taper, ST4). Venous blood samples, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were obtained after 15 min supine rest (0700 h). Serum was analyzed for cortisol (C), total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), and creatine kinase (CK). Blood samples (lactate), HR and RPE were obtained during a fixed velocity run (75% preseason VO2max) and blood samples and RPE following a 365.8 m swim (90% preseason VO2max). The runners then completed a "performance run" to exhaustion (110% preseason VO2max) and the swimmers completed maximal 22.9 and 365.8 m swims. Serum CK, C, TT, FT, and the TT:C and FT:C ratios were not significantly different among trials for the runners. Serum TT and FT were significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the swimmers at ST2 (TT 16.7 +/- 2.5; FT 85.3 +/- 8.5) compared to ST1 (TT 30.3 +/- 2.8; FT 130.2 +/- 20.9) whereas, C, TT:C or FT:C were not significantly altered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1994

The effect of volume ingested on rehydration and gastric emptying following exercise-induced dehydration.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different drink volumes on rehydration, gastric emptying, and markers of fluid balance following exercise-induced dehydration. Nine male subjects (27.3 +/- 5.47 yr of age, 77.8 +/- 7.9 kg) exercised for 90 min (or until 2.5% of initial body weight was lost) on a cycle ergometer in a hot environment (30 degrees C with 60% RH). Following exercise, subjects were moved to a neutral environment (23 degrees C 50% RH) and rested for 30 min prior to beginning a 3-h rehydration period. During rehydration, subjects were serially fed with an electrolyte solution (14.98 mmol.l-1 Na+, 13.51 mmol.l-1 Cl-, and 7.95 mmol.l-1 K+) every 30 min with either 100% or 150% of the fluid lost during exercise. Gastric contents were determined every 15 min using double sampling. Blood samples, urine samples, and body weights were taken before and after exercise and at 1-h intervals throughout rehydration. Blood samples were analyzed for percent change in plasma volume, electrolyte concentration, aldosterone levels, and renin activity. Urine electrolyte concentrations were also measured. The final percent rehydration was 48.11 and 67.90 for the 100% and 150% conditions, respectively. During rehydration, the subjects emptied 98.9 and 86.0% of the fluid ingested, and the % emptied and used for weight gain at the end of rehydration was 55.1 and 54.6 for the 100% and 150% trials, respectively. Urine production was significantly higher in the 150 compared with the 100% condition while renin and aldosterone levels did not differ significantly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Opioid receptor modulation of postexercise hypotension.

Previous studies of both hypertensive and normotensive individuals have indicated a prolonged reduction in blood pressure for several hours after aerobic exercise. In related studies of spontaneously hypertensive rats, this postexercise hypotension has been prevented with naloxone. The purpose of the present investigation was to examined whether the postexercise hypotension may be reversed by antagonism of opioid sensitive receptors with naloxone in normotensive humans. Eight males 22-34 yr of age, participated in two 60-min cycling trials at 60% of VO2 peak, followed by 29 min of recovery. Beginning at 7-min recovery, naloxone or saline (control) was administered intravenously through an indwelling catheter. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored every 15 min during exercise and every 2 min during recovery. Heart rate was significantly elevated (P < 0.05) over basal levels for the first 11 min of recovery, but from 13 to 29 min was not different from that measured at rest. In both trials, after 11 min of recovery, systolic and mean arterial blood pressures were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than pre-exercise levels (9 +/- 1 mm Hg and 4 +/- 1 mm Hg, respectively). Injection of naloxone (0.1 mg.kg-1) reversed the hypotensive response. However, the reversal was transient, lasting from minutes 15 to 27. Since naloxone reverses postexercise hypotension, opioid sensitive receptors appear to be involved in the reduction in systolic blood pressure following a single bout of submaximal exercise in normotensive humans.

Adult↗