Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to F Wilson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Immunobiology of congenitally athymic-asplenic mice.

Congenitally athymic-asplenic mice on an outbred N:NIH(S) background were produced by the mating of nude by hereditarily asplenic (Dh/+)mice. Athymic-asplenic mice survive for up to 9 months, under specific pathogen free conditions, with no evidence for increased risk of spontaneous neoplasia. Although lymphocyte surface markers and sera immunoglobulin levels of athymic-asplenic mice are similar to their nude and asplenic littermates, there are a number of significant differences. In particular, levels of sera IgA are higher than nude, but lower than either nu/+ or Dh/+ mice, related perhaps to the increased histiocytic engorgement of Peyer's patches. Athymic-asplenic mice have normal haematocrit, haemoglobin, and reticulocyte counts, but are markedly leucopenic, have a thrombocytosis and an increased number of bone marrow CFU-C. As expected, the response of the athymic-asplenic mice to the T cell mitogen PHA is markedly reduced. However, levels of Thy 1.2 bearing cells, while reduced compared to either nu/+ or Dh/+ littermates, are significantly higher than nude mice in both Peyer's patches and lymph nodes. Further, they, like their nude littermates, fail to respond to sheep red blood cell immunization. Nonetheless, athymic-asplenic mice appear more immunologically compromised than nude mice. Indeed, there is an elevated rate of growth and a lower inoculated cell threshold needed for successful transplantation of a human malignant melanoma. Finally, there was no evidence for auto-antibody production in mice up to 9 months of age. Congenitally athymic-asplenic mice can be used for a variety of studies in which other immunologically deprived mouse mutants are desired.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Select growth of human T lymphocytes in single phase semisolid culture.

Selective growth and clonal proliferation of human T lymphocytes can be achieved by using a single-phase semi-solid methylcellulose system without the requirement of preincubation with lectins. Significant proliferation, however, depends upon the continued presence of Con A or PHA, but not pokeweed mitogen or lipopolysaccharide within the methylcellulose. This procedure eliminates nonspecific agglutination by lectins and allows for direct visualization of colonies and their specific removal and subsequent cloning in liquid phase. Optimal growth and production of colonies greater than 40-cell size require 3 to 9 days. Individual cells can be identified on the basis of E rosette formation and absence of surface immunoglobulin or ability to phagocytize latex particles. Moreover, proliferation is inhibited by antithymocyte but not anti-B cell sera and can be demonstrated with peripheral blood T and MOLT-4 cells, but not with B or Raji cells. Finally, colony formation is not enhanced by the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. The clonal proliferation of human T lymphocytes has wide application in the study of both antigen recognition and lymphocyte alterations in specific diseases.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1976

Radiotherapy and CCNU in the treatment of high-grade supratentorial astrocytomas.

Forty-one consecutive patients with supratentorial primary brain tumors (38 Grade III and IV astrocytomas, one giant-cell astrocytoma, and two cases with insufficient tissue for diagnosis) were randomly allocated within 2 weeks of surgery to one of three therapeutic groups. Group 1 (15 patients) received radiation therapy totaling 4000 to 4500 rads in 4 to 5 weeks. Group 2 (13 patients) received 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea CCNU) 130 mg/sq m orally every 6 weeks. Group 3 (13 patients) received radiation therapy plus CCNU as for Groups 1 and 2. When the disease progressed, patients in Groups 1 and 2 were crossed over to receive CCNU and irradiation respectively. The median survival time in these groups was 188, 259, and 252 days, and the mean survival 263, 262, and 329 days. The median time from diagnosis to crossover (Groups 1 and 2) or to progression (Group 3) was 163, 99, and 220 days, and the mean time was 172, 108, and 231 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the means or medians in any of these situations.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1976

[Semi continuous low rate irradiation by telecobalt (author's transl)].

The current status of knowledge regarding low rate telecobalt irradiation does not permit any definitive conclusions. However, it has shown that this technique of irradiation, on condition that it is given in two fractions separated by three weeks, is without major risk for healthy tissue, the tolerance of skin being particularly remarkable, and with immediate very satisfactory results on the tumour. Strict statistical comparison will be necessary, however, if a final judgment is to be made. Thus a study group of the O.E.R.T.C. has decided to undertake a comparative study between classical fractioned irradiation and semi-continuous low rate irradiation. The trial involves only cancers of the base of the tongue he has began in January 1976.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1976

Immune function at diagnosis in relation to responses to therapy in acute lymphocytic leukemia of childhood.

Tests of immune capacity were performed on blood from 49 children with newly diagnosed, untreated acute lymphocytic leukemia, and relation to prognosis was determined. Patients were treated with multiple-drug therapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. Median follow-up time was 16 mo (range 10--37 mo). Principal unfavorable findings at diagnosis were absolute numbers of T lymphoid cells outside the range 850--2500/mul blood, absence of whole blood responses to phytohemagglutinin in vitro, a low titer of complexed antibody, and the presence in serum of free leukemic blast cell membrane antigen. Fourteen patients showed two or more unfavorable findings at diagnosis. Eleven of these have died. Four of the remaining 35 patients have died. A shorter duration of first remission was found among patients with abnormal numbers of T cells at diagnosis. The findings suggest that the immunologic capacity of the patient at diagnosis is an important determinant in responses to therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The effect of chest physiotherapy upon the FEV1 in chronic bronchitis.

Chest physiotherapy, including posturing the patient head downwards while the chest is percussed and vibrated, was used in the treatment of patients with an exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. In seven patients the mean FEV declined from 1.38 litres plus or minus 0.39 to 1.25 litres plus or minus 0.37 after postural drainage and percussion (P less than 0.001). Twenty minutes later the FEV rose to 1.37 litres plus or minus 0.33. The mean decline in the FEV1 was prevented by prior administration of salbutamol. The fall in the FEV1 did not occur in 10 patients who received the postural tipping without chest percussion. Also it was not induced by coughing every two minutes during posturing. It was considered that the fall in FEV1 after chest physiotherapy was due to bronchoconstriction caused by the chest percussion or vibration, particularly in patients with bronchoconstriction under basal conditions. The induced bronchoconstriction counter-balanced any improvement of the FEV due to freeing the airways of sputum, but in two patients with moderate to copious sputum an improvement of the FEV1 was repeatedly obtained in measurements made 20 minutes after the physiotherapy when the bronchoconstriction had presumably subsided. Although the immediate decline in FEV1 was not large, it is considered inadvisable to employ chest percussion and vibration in sick patients unless a bronchodilator is administered previously.

Aged↗