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Biomedical subjects

F Williams

Publications and source records attributed to F Williams.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Nonenzymic in vitro isolation of perinatal islets of Langerhans.

We have developed a method to circumvent the use of exogenous proteolytic enzymes in the isolation of islets of Langerhans from the perinatal rodent pancreas. Advantage is taken of the propensity of fibroblastlike cells to attach and migrate on polystyrene at low-serum concentrations (5%). In contrast, at this serum level, rat islet epithelial cells tend not to adhere to the substrate. At 3 d of culture, islets are visible at the edges of the explants. With further fibroblast outgrowth the majority of islets are freefloating by 7 d. Simple agitation of the medium and centrifugation yields approximately 50 micrograms of islet tissue per perinatal pancreas. Further purification of the islets can be obtained by subculture. Rat islets can be maintained in this manner for several months in Medium F12 supplemented with 25% horse serum in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 and air at 37 degrees C. Hormone content of the islet tissue remains constant during prolonged subculture and such islets continue to exhibit appropriate insulin and glucagon responses to glucose and theophylline. The morphological integrity of the endocrine cells within the cultured islets was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and ultrastructural study. Nonendocrine cells are not identifiable within the long-term cultured islets.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Carbamazepine--erythromycin interaction leading to carbamazepine toxicity in four epileptic children.

We report four cases of carbamazepine toxicity in children associated with the concurrent administration of erythromycin. They all developed clinical toxicity (ataxia, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting) when erythromycin administration was begun; symptoms disappeared after erythromycin was discontinued. Serum carbamazepine levels were measured before, during, and, in most cases, after the toxic episodes. In all cases, there was a sharp increase in carbamazepine concentration after erythromycin therapy was begun and a rapid fall once erythromycin was discontinued. Our data support the previous suggestion that erythromycin interferes with the liver microsomal metabolism of carbamazepine with a subsequent increase in blood levels of the drug.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMed1983

Unilateral congenital ptosis and amblyopia.

Amblyopia was detected in 15 of 55 children with unilateral congenital ptosis. Anisometropia was the main cause of the amblyopia in 10 cases, and strabismus alone was the cause in 2 cases. In three cases amblyopia developed after ptosis surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Severe kyphosis due to congenital dorsal hemivertebra.

Kyphotic deformity arising from failure of the formation of a vertebral body is described in nine patients. The study of the natural history demonstrates the progressive nature of this disorder resulting in severe deformity and neurological embarrassment. Early radiological recognition of this congenital deformity is essential and tomography is important in the early assessment. Tomography combined with myelography is essential to delineate the extent of bony abnormality and cord compression in severe kyphosis in order that adequate decompression and reconstructive surgery can be performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Prostaglandins and human lung carcinomas.

Lung primary carcinomas and normal tissue from 136 patients have been extracted for prostaglandins, and the findings examined in relation to histology. In most cases, tumours yielded more prostaglandin-like material (PG-lm), as judged by bioassay, than did normal tissue from the same lungs. Amounts varied with tumour types, in the following ascending order: small-cell carcinomas, large-cell undifferentiated carcinomas, well-differentiated squamous carcinomas, poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas, poorly differentiated squamous carcinomas, and well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. Tumour PG-lm was highest when necrosis or the neutrophil content of the tumours were moderate, whereas PG-lm from normal lung tissue correlated with the number of macrophages. Chromatography indicated the presence of various prostaglandins, in agreement with our recent findings using gas chromatography--mass spectrometry.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Adjustable sutures in strabismus surgery.

The results of conventional strabismus surgery are always somewhat uncertain, despite the most careful preoperative assessment. Yet it is important to achieve good alignment in patients with fusion potential who have intermittent exotropia, extraocular muscle paresis or a restrictive syndrome. Planning surgery for patients with thyroid myopathy and planning reoperations is particularly difficult. In 30 patients with various strabismus disorders the use of adjustable sutures proved safe and of value; the results were unacceptable in only 5 of the 28 patients with horizontal deviations. The inconvenience for the surgeon and the extra discomfort for the patient seemed outweighed by the predictability of the surgical result.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Gallium-67 scanning in the painful total hip replacement.

Pain following total hip replacement is a significant clinical and diagnostic problem. Technetium scanning has proved a sensitive indicator of infection or loosening but does not differentiate between them. This study assessed the value of gallium-67 to aid this differentiation. Thirty patients underwent revision surgery. Fourteen were proven to be infected and 13 had positive gallium scans as also did two patients without infection. The implications of these false interpretations are discussed. Increased gallium activity was correlated with the patterns of the 99mTc scans and arthrographic appearances. It is concluded that gallium-67 scanning is a valuable adjunct to the assessment of the painful hip replacement when infection is suspected.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Consecutive exotropia after correction of hyperopia.

A study was done of 22 children in whom exotropia developed following correction of hyperopia because of accommodative esotropia that had not been corrected surgically. The early onset of esotropia and high degree of hyperopia seemed to predispose to the spontaneous development of exotropia. Reduction of the hyperopia by 50% to 60% resulted in satisfactory realignment of the eyes and some form of binocularity.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1980

Pseudomonas putrefaciens and group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus septicemia.

Pseudomonas putrefaciens was isolated twice in blood cultures from which group A beta-hemolytic streptococci were concurrently isolated from a moribund woman. Only once previously has P putrefaciens bacteremia been reported. To our knowledge, we are reporting the first blood isolate of P putrefaciens, albeit with group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, associated with fatal septicemia.

Aged↗