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Biomedical subjects

F Wattel

Publications and source records attributed to F Wattel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Intravenous nitroglycerin in acute respiratory failure of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, secondary pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale.

We have studied the hemodynamic effects of an intravenous single dose of nitroglycerin in 13 patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension and Cor Pulmonale, during the acute course of respiratory failure and under assisted ventilation. We observed a significant decrease in systolic, diastolic and mean pulmonary arterial pressures, and in pulmonary resistance and systolic right ventricular work index, without any change in right or left pre-loads. The systolic arterial pressure decreased slightly, without any change in cardiac index or diastolic pressure. The arterial and mixed venous oxygen contents, and the pulmonary shunting ( Qs/Qt) were unchanged. These results suggest that nitroglycerin may be a useful therapy in patients in the acute stages of pulmonary hypertension resulting from chronic lung disease and under assisted ventilation. In addition, the lack of change in cardiac index, intrapulmonary shunting and oxygen content suggests that this decrease in pulmonary resistance is not linked with any deleterious effect in oxygen transfer.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Massive digitoxin intoxication. Treatment of Amberlite XAD 4 resin hemoperfusion.

Amberlite XAD 4 resin hemoperfusion was studied in the treatment of massive digitoxin overdosage. In vitro experiments using 4 hour resin hemoperfusion showed that digitoxin is removed 100 percent from an isotonic saline reservoir, 83 +/- 14 percent from plasma, and 42 +/- 7 percent from whole blood. In dogs, serum level reduction is fast: 50 +/- 12 percent in 15 minutes, 71 +/- 6 percent in 180 minutes; mean plasma clearance is 24 +/- 6.5 ml/min for a 150 ml/min plasma flow rate. Eleven patients with massive digitoxin overdosage recovered with resin hemoperfusion. Serum level reduction was 32 +/- 14 percent with a 325 g resin column, 59 +/- 6 percent with two 325 g resin columns in series as compared with a 4.5 +/- 1.7 percent reduction without perfusion. Hemoperfusion increased the rate of spontaneous removal of digitoxin 8.6 +/- 3.3 times with a 325 g resin column, and 14 +/- 7.4 times with two 325 g resin columns.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Autonomic dysfunction in the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Hemodynamic and neurobiochemical studies.

In 12 patients suffering from the Guillain-Barré syndrome, with autonomic dysfunction, a hemodynamic study was performed and biological counts of neurotransmitter metabolites were repeatedly taken in the urine, the plasma and the lumber cerebrospinal fluid. In the course of the Guillain-Barré syndrome with autonomic dysfunction the changes in hemodynamic indices suggest a state of sympathetic hyperactivity. There is an increase in cerebrospinal neurotransmitter metabolite levels with an increase in central cathecholaminergic and serotoninergic activity. The findings point to an interference of central structures in the sympathetic hyperactivity observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Acute intoxication with diisopyramide: clinical and experimental study by hemoperfusion an Amberlite XAD 4 resin.

Diisopyramide overdose induces an early and severe cardiogenic shock; hemoperfusion on resin (Amberlite XAD 4) is the most efficient treatment. In vitro, 92% of the drug is adsorbed in 240 min. In dog, the plasmatic epuration is 66% with a mean plasma clearance of 74% plasmatic flow. A woman who had absorbed 4.50 g diisopyramide showed an idioventricular rhythm. The cardiac electrical stimulation and positive inotrope drugs were inefficient. Hemoperfusion on resin Amberlite XAD 4 corrected hemodynamic and ECG disturbances in 4 h. The epuration was proved by the decrease of diisopyramide plasma level: 24.4 micrograms/mL before epuration, 1.9 micrograms/mL after epuration, and a mean plasma clearance of 107.8 mL/min (61% of the plasmatic flow). Hemoperfusion of resin (Amberlite XAD 4) is more efficient than hemodialysis (cuprophan) and hemofiltration (polyacrylonitrile). The system that we have used is well tolerated and of low cost.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[A case of acute acrolein poisoning].

A four and a half year old boy was hospitalised with acute respiratory failure due to the inhalation during two hours of the smoke from an overheated frier. Oxygen, corticosteroids and furosemide led to clinical stabilisation but after 24 hours asphyxia developed. The trachea was found to be obstructed by a firm elastic substance which prevented intubation or bronchoscopy. Autopsy revealed massive cellular desquamation of the bronchial lining. The lumen was occupied by miscellaneous debris. There were multiple pulmonary infarcts. This is the second case of acute intoxication by acroleine. In the light of these two cases, treatment should consist of corticosteroids, antibiotherapy, inhalation therapy, and repeated bronchial aspiration.

Acrolein↗
PubMed1979

[Haemoperfusion on coated activited charcoal. Experience in French anti-poison centres based upon 60 cases (author's transl)].

Sixty three sessions of haemoperfusion on coated activated charcoal were carried out in 60 cases of poisoning. The indications concerned 2 clinical situations: - massive poisoning with coma (by hypnotics or chlorine-containing solvents) with high extracellular concentrations of the toxic agent, with the aim of reducing the duration of the coma; - intoxications with a high mortality rate, such as those due to paraquat, colchicine, digitoxine, tricyclic antidepressants, and heavy metals, even when plasma levels were low in relation to the dose ingested. Such discordance may be related not only to predominantly intracellular fixation, but also to low intestinal absorption. The effectiveness of haemoperfusion was estimated in terms of the amount of toxic substance extracted, measured either indirectly by repeated calculation of the arteriovenous difference multiplied by the flow rate through the column, or directly by elution of the column. This method for the removal of toxic substances would not appear to be life-saving, is too costly for the extraction obtained and is not free from specific complications. Thrombocytopaenia remains an epiphenomenon, but the frequency of infection is significantly higher than with haemodialysis. An effective and safe method for the vascular extraction of poisons, particularly one favourising removal of toxic substances from intracellular localisation, remains to be found.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗