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Biomedical subjects

F Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to F Watanabe.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adrenal cortex of Micromys minutus japonicus (Japanese harvest mouse). Its histochemical and fine structural study.

Micromys minutus japonicus (Japanese harvest mouse) is one of the smallest known mammals and is easily maintainable in the laboratory. The adrenal cortex of this animal is described here for the first time. The morphological structure with histochemistry was essentially the same as that of the mouse or the rat. However, the histochemical activity of steroid 3 beta-OH dehydrogenase in the zona glomerulosa was characteristically positive in this animal and electron microscopically Golgi's apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum were prominent in the glomerular cells. The concentration of aldosterone was high in the serum. These findings suggest the hyperfunction of the zona glomerulosa in this animal.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Analysis of guanase by agarose gel electrophoresis and activity staining.

A method was developed to separate guanase by agarose gel electrophoresis and to detect its activity by staining of the bands with a mixture of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, catalase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase, the coenzyme NADP+, and a substrate of guanine, ethanol, phenazine methosulfate, nitrotetrazolium blue, and KCN in Tris-(hydroxymethyl)methylamine buffer (pH 8.0). Serum samples showed bands 1 (faster moving) and 2 corresponding to the positions of albumin and alpha 2-globulin, respectively, found by serum protein staining. The same bands were detected with guanase from human liver and kidney, although band 2 from the latter samples was not as distinct as that from the liver samples.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1985

Left ventricular aneurysm and the prediction of left ventricular enlargement studied by two-dimensional echocardiography: quantitative assessment of aneurysm size in relation to clinical course.

A retrospective study was performed to elucidate the process of left ventricular aneurysm formation and its influence on left ventricular enlargement based on serial two-dimensional echocardiographic observations from 150 consecutive patients with first acute anterior myocardial infarction. Echocardiograms were available and interpretable through the entire period of observation in 68 patients. Because of early death in 13 patients, echocardiograms of 55 patients, 22 with and 33 without aneurysm, were analyzed from 1 to 28 days after infarction. Patients with aneurysms were separated into two groups with large (group 1, 11 patients) and small aneurysms (group 2, 11 patients) on the basis of ratios of aneurysm to overall left ventricular circumferential length [Lcf-LV(RAO)] and area [Area-LV(RAO)], i.e., Lcf(An/LV)-RAO and Area(An/LV)-RAO, respectively, in the right anterior oblique equivalent view at the time of aneurysm formation, with reference to Forrester's subset. Group 1 consisted of patients with Lcf(An/LV)-RAO of 0.4 or greater or Area(An/LV)RAO of 0.3 or greater while group 2 included patients with Lcf(An/LV)-RAO less than 0.4 or Area(An/LV)-RAO less than 0.3. In the test for time trend in these groups with a one-way analysis of variance, Lcf-LV in RAO equivalent and apical four-chamber views and Area-LV in apical four-chamber view effectively separated group 1 from groups 2 and 3 (without aneurysm) with significance (p less than .005, p less than .01, and p less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1985

Synthesis of several new carbapenem antibiotics.

A synthesis of several carbapenem antibiotics including 9-methoxythienamycin is described. The final deprotection of C-3 esters was accomplished by a novel procedure using aluminum trichloride under a very mild condition. The antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is shown.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1985

Simple, rapid determination of serum guanase activity with the Hitachi 736 automated discrete analyzer.

In this new method for determining serum guanase activity by use of the Hitachi 736-40 automated analyzer, serum is incubated with a mixture of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase; a reagent containing KCN, guanine, nitrotetrazolium blue, and Triton X-100 is added; and the increase in absorbance at 570 and 660 nm is measured for 2.4 min. Only 20 microL of sample is required, and results are linearly related to the activity concentration of guanase up to 30 U/L. Within-run and day-to-day precision (CV) was respectively 2.6 to 4.2% and 3.5 to 5.5% over 0-30 U of guanase activity per liter. The normal reference interval, as calculated from data on 40 healthy persons, is 0.1 to 2.2 U/L. Results correlate well (r = 0.997) with those by a kinetic method (Clin Chem 27: 560, 1981). The guanase activity of 150 samples can be measured within 1 h by this method.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of solid and cystic acinar cell tumor of the pancreas].

A 35-year-old woman with a tumor of the pancreatic head is presented. A filling defect, suggesting an extragastric mass, was found in the photofluorogram of a gastric mass survey. But she had no complaints. CT showed a cystic mass in the pancreatic head, but ERCP and celiac angiography indicated no invasive findings. The resected tumor, wrapped well with a partially calcifying fibrous capsule, measured 7 X 7 X 5 cm and was mostly necrotic. On histological examination, malignant findings, were not revealed. PAS-positive granules and zymogen-like granules were found in the cytoplasm by electronmicroscopic examination. Immunohistochemically, alpha 1-antitrypsin granules were detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Condensation of polynucleosome by histone H1 binding.

The cooperative binding of histone H1 to polynucleosome was studied quantitatively. The equilibrium and kinetic data were satisfactorily described in terms of the large ligand model. The binding constant K and the cooperativity parameter q showed remarkable salt effects: K = 7.5 X 10(7) M-1 and q = 1.3 X 10(4) at 0.2 M NaCl, pH 7.5 and 20 degrees C. This considerably strong cooperativity reveals that the polynucleosome state, condensed or not, is sensitive to small changes in the free histone H1 concentration around the value of 1/K. The association rate constant was of the order of 10(7) M-1 X s-1 and had a small salt concentration dependence, indicating a diffusion-controlled association process.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Interaction of the HB protein of Bacillus globigii with nucleic acids. Analysis of the binding to DNA and polynucleotides.

Fluorescence of the phenylalanine residues of the HB protein of Baccillus globigii was found to be quenched upon binding to nucleic acids. Using this phenomenon, the binding properties were investigated on the basis of an approach published recently. The stoichiometric numbers were about 10 basepairs per bound protein molecule for double-stranded DNA and about 10 bases for single-stranded polynucleotides, independent of salt concentration. Cooperativity parameters were in the range of 50-250. Binding constants were about 5 X 10(6) M-1 (at 0.1 M NaCl) and decreased with increasing salt concentration. From the salt dependence it is inferred that about one Na+ ion is displaced upon binding of a protein molecule to DNA. Therefore the binding site should contain one positively charged amino acid residue. The protein was found to bind with comparable strength to double-stranded and single-stranded DNA as well as to poly(rA). Hence it is concluded that the HB protein does not belong to the category of 'melting proteins'.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1984

Clinical evaluation of serum guanase activity in liver diseases.

We measured serum guanase (EC 3.5.4.3) activity in patients with various diseases and in healthy controls, and evaluated the clinical usefulness of this enzyme in liver diseases. The reference range, which showed no significant difference between sexes and ages over the range studied, was 0 to 1.8 U/L. The mean guanase activities for patients with various liver diseases, including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatoma and metastatic carcinoma, were above the upper limit of the reference range. In acute hepatitis and metastatic carcinoma of the liver, the activities were especially high. Validity (sensitivity + specificity) of guanase, which in all tests was above 1.66, was compared to that of AST and ALT in liver diseases. With guanase, the highest validity (1.98) was found in acute hepatitis and metastatic carcinoma. Specificity of guanase was 0.98, whereas sensitivity of AST was 1.00 in all diseases. Sensitivity and specificity of ALT were 0.85 to 0.97 in all diseases. As guanase was specific, including this enzyme with other liver function tests, such as AST and ALT, may decrease false-positive results and may be effective for prediction of liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Enzyme immunoassay for serum 18-hydroxycorticosterone and its clinical application.

An enzyme immunoassay for serum 18-hydroxycorticosterone was established using alkaline phosphatase as a label. The antiserum for 18-hydroxycorticosterone was produced by immunization of rabbits with 18-hydroxycorticosterone 3-(O-carboxymethyl)oxime conjugated to bovine serum albumin. Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography was used to separate 18-hydroxycorticosterone from other steroids in serum samples. The minimal detectable amount of 18-hydroxycorticosterone was 50 pg/tube and the measurable range was from 5 to 1000 ng/dl when a 1.0 ml serum sample was used. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variance were 5.0% (n = 6) and 5.8% (n = 6), respectively. Four of 5 patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma had above-normal serum 18-hydroxycorticosterone levels.

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1984

Chondroma of the tongue. Report of a case.

A case of chondroma which occurred in the midline of the dorsum of the tongue in a 40-year-old Japanese male is reported together with a review of the literature. Histological investigation revealed that this lingual chondroma had the characteristics of hyaline cartilage. We regard the metaplastic transformation theory as the best explanation of histogenesis of lingual chondroma at the lateral margin, while cartilaginous rests are the origin of lingual chondroma on the dorsum of the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Identification of 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone in normal rat serum by enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Recent reports on the isolation and identification of 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone from the urine of rats with adrenal regeneration hypertension give rise to the possibility of a role of this steroid in the pathogenesis of low renin essential hypertension. The present study was undertaken to investigate the presence of 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone in normal rat serum both by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 19-Nor-deoxycorticosterone in rat serum was separated from other steroids prior to enzyme immunoassay by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The average concentration of 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone in normal rat serum was 137 +/- 62 ng/dl (mean +/- SD, n = 32). Pooled normal rat serum (50 ml) was purified by HPLC and the purified sample was acetylated with acetic anhydride for GC/MS measurement. The retention time and m/z ions (358, 285, and 257) on the resulting mass fragmentogram coincided in position with those of authentic 21-acetoxy-19-nor-deoxycorticosterone and acetylated normal rat serum extract. The combined characteristics of HPLC elution, antigen-antibody reaction, GC retention and selected ion responses provided strongly evidence supporting the presence of 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone in normal rat serum.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Enzyme immunoassay of 11-deoxycortisol.

Enzyme immunoassay of serum 11-deoxycortisol was established by using alkaline phosphatase as a label. The labelled alkaline phosphatase was stable for at least a year. 11-Deoxycortisol in serum was purified by applying to Sephadex LH-20 column prior to present enzyme immunoassay. Separation of bound and free form was carried out by adding anti-rabbit gamma-globulin goat antiserum as a second antibody. The minimal amount of 11-deoxycortisol detected was 40 pg/tube and the measurable range was from 0.04 to 10 micrograms/dl. Intra- and interassay coefficient of variations were 3.8-4.5% and 3.4-5.3%, respectively. 11-Deoxycortisol values determined by the present method correlated well with those determined by radioimmunoassay (r = 0.98, y = 0.93 x + 0.19, n = 28). This enzyme immunoassay satisfied the standard criteria of dilution and accuracy, and is applicable to routine determination of serum 11-deoxycortisol in any clinical laboratory as a non-isotopic immunoassay.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental study on the optimal potassium and magnesium concentrations in the cardioplegic solution].

Minimum concentration of potassium and magnesium in cardioplegic solution to get cardiac arrest was studied. The isolated rat hearts were perfused by Langendorf perfusion with Modified Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer solution, and their heart rates were measured. The perfusion of infusate of 15 mM per liter of K-aspartate stopped the heart beat completely, and as the same way it was necessary 25 mM per liter of MgCl2 to get cardiac arrest. By their combination, however, heart was arrested with infusate of 10 mM per liter of K-aspartate and 15 mM per liter of MgCl2, which were lower concentration than K-aspartate or MgCl2 alone. In order to determine the optimal concentration of potassium and magnesium in cardioplegic solution, the isolated rat hearts were preserved in relatively disadvantageous condition; such as 37 degrees C of infusates, non-oxygenation, continuous perfusion and perfusion pressure 50 cmH2O during 120 minutes. Sixty isolated rat hearts were divided into eleven groups. Each group received a different proper combination of KCl (5.9, 15, 25, 40, 60 mM/L) and MgCl2 (1.2, 13, 25, 33, 50 mM/L) in cardioplegic solution. Using the isolated working rat heart apparatus, hemodynamic indices after 120 minutes preservation were compared with control values of the same hearts, and their percent recoveries were compared with one another. In conclusion it appears that in the isolated working heart model combination of KCl 40 mM/L and MgCl2 13 mM/L in Basic-Modified-Krebs-Solution might offer the best myocardial protection of all combinations tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Guanine deaminase in serum as an indicator of survival probability in severe shock patients.

To find ways of predicting survival or death in cases of severe shock, arterial blood pH and gases, vital signs, and the half-life of activity in the enzymes guanine deaminase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), were studied in 24 patients. The mean arterial blood pH (+/- SD) in survivors was 7.325 +/- 0.092 while that in non-survivors was 7.108 +/- 0.251 (p less than 0.05). The mean half-life of guanine deaminase in survivors was 19.8 +/- 3.3 hours, while that in non-survivors was 58.6 +/- 11.8 hours (p less than 0.001). When the screening values were set at 7.190 for the arterial blood pH and 36 hours for the half-life of guanine deaminase activity, the 'validity' (sensitivity plus specificity) for the combination of the two tests was 1.88. The values may be useful for the prognosis of survival in severe shock patients.

Adolescent↗