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Biomedical subjects

F Vidal

Publications and source records attributed to F Vidal.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Coordinated posttranscriptional control of gene expression by modular elements including Alu-like repetitive sequences.

We previously reported that in rat fibroblasts, accumulation of a set of mRNAs ("pIL genes") was modulated as a function of cell growth and transformation, at a posttranscriptional stage, and by a mechanism that depends on a short nucleotide sequence containing an ID repetitive element. In mouse fibroblasts, hybridization with rat pIL probes identified mRNAs with the same pattern of expression, which did not contain ID sequences but contained a different regulatory element, encompassing a repetitive sequence of the B1 family. Expression in mouse cells of a reporter beta-globin gene carrying this element inserted in its 3' noncoding region was growth- and transformation-dependent. The nucleotide sequences of two murine and of three rat pIL cDNAs showed clear similarities in the region immediately adjacent to the ID and B1 repeats. Both the repeat and the flanking sequence were required to confer on beta-globin constructs the pattern of expression characteristic of the pIL genes. The hypothesis is presented that repetitive sequences in the eukaryotic genome might be modular parts of complex regulatory elements ensuring the coordinated expression of various mRNA species.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1993

T wave alternans associated with amiodarone.

T wave alternans is an intriguing phenomenon widely observed in some experimental conditions, but rare in clinics. The authors describe a case of T wave alternans associated with amiodarone treatment. This electrocardiographic finding spontaneously reverted and was not associated with ventricular arrhythmias or hemodynamic depression. Mechanisms that may be responsible for alternation of the T wave are discussed.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1993

Effect of zinc and copper on preimplantation mouse embryo development in vitro and metallothionein levels.

The effect of zinc and copper on the in vitro development of mouse preimplantation embryos and on metallothionein (MT) levels was studied by exposing the embryos to 100 microM concentrations of the metals for 24 h at the 1-cell, 2-cell, 4-cell, 6-8-cell, morula and blastocyst stages. Zinc affected embryo development in the early but not in the late stages, whereas copper affected it more generally. The combined presence of both metals caused a stronger embryotoxicity. MT levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and were found to be similar at all developmental stages, though possibly higher at the blastocyst stage. The exposure of embryos to zinc and copper increased MT levels significantly only at the blastocyst stage, supporting previously published results on MT mRNA levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Sephadex filtration and human serum albumin gradients do not select spermatozoa by sex chromosome: a fluorescent in-situ hybridization study.

Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) of decondensed sperm nuclei has been used directly to evaluate the enrichment efficiency of human sperm separation using Sephadex gel filtration and human serum albumin (HSA) gradients. Control and processed spermatozoa were fixed and their nuclei decondensed. In-situ hybridization was carried out with a Y-specific DNA probe (DYZ1). Sephadex filtration yielded 52.5% Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa, HSA separation resulted in 49.4% Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa and in the untreated control sample the percentage of Y spermatozoa was 49.3%. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the selection methods employed and the controls, and no real enrichment for X- or Y-bearing spermatozoa was detected for any of the selection methods assayed. The usefulness of the protocols reported for selection of spermatozoa by sex chromosome in couples at risk for X-linked diseases is discussed.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1993

Cytogenetic sexing of mouse embryos.

Cytogenetic sexing by means of chromosome C-banding was carried out in 1/2 and 2/4 biopsied mouse embryos. Chromosome spreads were obtained in 85.0% of 1/2-embryos and in 77.5% of 2/4-embryos. Sexing was accomplished in 30.0% of 1/2-embryos and 52.5% of 2/4-embryos, with a loss due to poor technique of 12.5 and 15.0% respectively. Transfer of sexed embryos resulted in a low implantation rate. The two live fetuses obtained were of the predicted sex.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Atypical liver alcohol dehydrogenase in the Spanish population: its relation with the development of alcoholic liver disease.

The presence of atypical liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was determined in samples of liver tissue from 222 alcoholic and nonalcoholic subjects to determine its prevalence in the Spanish population, and to evaluate the possible relationship between the presence of this isoenzyme and the development of alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease. Alcoholic patients were classified into the following groups: control subjects, with normal liver pathology (group 1), patients with noncirrhotic liver disease (group 2), and patients with cirrhosis of the liver (group 3). Nonalcoholic subjects were also divided, following the same criteria, into groups 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The prevalence of atypical ADH in the population analyzed was 16.2%. Atypical ADH was present in 14.9% of alcoholics and in 17.4% of nonalcoholics (p = NS). There were no significant differences when the prevalence of atypical ADH of alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients with similar degrees of liver pathology was compared (group 1 vs. 4, group 2 vs. 5, and group 3 vs. 6). The prevalence of atypical ADH was also similar in cirrhotic patients with respect to those of noncirrhotic liver disease and control patients, either in alcoholic or nonalcoholic groups. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of atypical ADH in the Spanish population is similar to that reported for other Caucasian groups. Moreover, the presence of atypical ADH does not play a role in the development of alcoholism nor in the development of alcoholic liver disease in the population analyzed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The De affectibus oris, of Vittorio Trincavella of Venice].

The author states that starting with a work published in 1575 in the city of Venice, it is possible to rebuild in a complete way the Dentistry History of the XVI century; it is indeed an important testimony considering specially the lack of existing information and of authors dedicated specifically to this subject. The article center its interest in the Book number V and in the 13 chapters it is composed of and where there are described the common affections of the mouth and its surroundings. It is also given a biography of Trincavella and a panorama of Medicine of that time and by XVI and XVII centuries. Prof. Vidal offers also the translation from latin to french of Vittorio Trincavella, text made by Jean Marc Galeazzi, Paris.

Dentistry↗
PubMed1993

[Socioeconomic incidences and prognostic factors of low back pain caused by occupational injuries among the hospital personnel of Grenoble University Hospital Center].

Low back pain is generally believed to be common among hospital employees. This cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out to determine the annual incidence of low back pain ascribable to occupational injuries in hospital employees and to evaluate factors influencing the prognosis of these injuries. In 1989, 70 employees working at the Grenoble Teaching Hospital (GTH) reported an occupational injury responsible for low back pain. Each of these employees filled out an epidemiological questionnaire during a routine evaluation by a rheumatologist. Overall annual incidence of occupational injuries with subsequent low back pain was 1.9% among GTH employees. Higher incidences were seen among employees whose occupations involved patient transfer, as well as among nursing assistants. Activities associated with an increased risk of low back pain included handling of patients or objects and work requiring prolonged periods in uncomfortable positions or in the standing position. A previous history of low back disease and a longer period of time in the current work were also associated with an increased risk of low back pain. Characteristic clinical profiles of patients with low back pain subsequent to occupational injury were determined by occupation and type of hospital department. The analysis of long-duration absence from work and long-term consequences on career confirmed the significant adverse socioeconomic impact of these injuries.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1993

[Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in low and high risk newborns].

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) were performed in a population of preterm infants of 32-34, 35-37 and 38-41 weeks of gestational age (GE) high risk newborns, and in 38-41 weeks GE low risk newborns. Statistical differences were found between both 38-41 weeks GE groups. High risk newborns showed longer latencies of waves III and V (P < 0.001), and I-III and I-V interwave intervals (P < 0.01). Our data show that auditory brainstem system suffer in high risk newborns. Results is discussed in relationship with other brainstem auditory evoked potentials studies in high risk newborns due it's clinical implications of present data.

Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem↗
PubMed1993

Expression in transgenic mice of the large T antigen of polyomavirus induces Sertoli cell tumours and allows the establishment of differentiated cell lines.

The large T antigen of polyomavirus (PyLT) efficiently immortalizes rodent fibroblasts, but, unlike SV40 T antigen, it is not sufficient to achieve complete oncogenic transformation. We analysed a series of transgenic mouse families that express the PyLT protein under control of the viral enhancer-promoter region. In all of them, the transgene was expressed in the seminiferous epithelium of the testis (Sertoli and germ cells), with no pathological consequences during most of the animals' lives. However, every old male developed large bilateral tumours of the testes, generated by the proliferation of Sertoli cell derivatives. Cell lines could be readily established both from the tumours and from the still apparently normal testis before the onset of tumoral growth. They retained in vitro morphological and ultrastructural features characteristic of Sertoli cells. But, in addition to this major Sertoli component, the maintenance of a cellular contingent of germinal origin was suggested by the expression of genes that are normally transcribed during the premeiotic and early meiotic stages of spermatogenesis (LDH-X, Hox1.4 and c-kit). The two cell types remained tightly associated, even at late passages in culture, and could not be separated by conventional cloning procedures. This association in culture of the two cell types whose interaction is critical for spermatogenesis may provide a useful tool for its molecular analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A murine sequence-specific DNA binding protein shows extensive local similarities to the amyloid precursor protein.

Microinjection experiments suggested previously that protein binding to the DNA nucleotide sequence GTCACATG, identical to the CDEI element of the yeast centromere, plays an important role in the early development of the mouse. We established from a series of overlapping mouse cDNA clones the sequence of a candidate CDEI-binding protein. Synthesis in Escherichia coli of a fusion protein which binds specifically the CDEI box in vitro confirmed its identification. On the other hand, the translated 511 amino acid sequence shows two regions with high degrees of similarity to the protein precursor (APP) of the beta-protein (amyloid) that accumulates in the brain and blood vessels of Alzheimer patients. A continuous stretch of 195 amino acids includes 133 residues identical to part of the extracellular domain of APP, and 48 of the 70 C-terminal residues of the open reading frame are identical to the APP transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Interpleural analgesia through a DuPen catheter for lung cancer pain.

BACKGROUND: Pain, one of the most frequent symptoms of lung cancer, is difficult to control at times, not only because of the many structures involved but also because of the paths through which the pain is conveyed. METHODS: When usual analgesic treatment did not alleviate pain after chemotherapy in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma, long-term interpleural analgesia was begun. A DuPen epidural catheter was inserted between the pleura parietalis and visceralis for the administration of bupivacaine in a bolus regimen every 6 hours. RESULTS: Thoracic pain thus was controlled until the patient died 130 days after placement. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term tunneled interpleural placement of DuPen catheters constitutes an alternative to systemic and spinal treatments for thoracic pain due to cancer.

Bupivacaine↗