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Biomedical subjects

F U Dzgoeva

Publications and source records attributed to F U Dzgoeva.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and coronary heart disease in contrast media nephrotoxicity. Protective effects of calcium antagonists].

AIM: To study pathological significance of circulating thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in mechanisms of impairment of intrarenal hemodynamics and renal function due to contrast media (CM) in risk group patients and to study protective effects of calcium antagonists in CM nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To study plasmic concentrations of TxA2 and prostacyclin, we used radioimmunoassay to measure plasmic TxB2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (group 1), systemic atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (group 2). The control group consisted of 23 healthy subjects. Diatrizoate (verografin), a high-osmolar CM, was used (40-60 and 250-400 cc in groups 1 and 2, respectively). RESULTS: Plasma TxB2 and serum creatinine concentrations were significantly elevated in group 1 after CM infusion compared to the preinfusion period and healthy controls. Plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a in group 1 before CM infusion was lower than in controls after CM infusion. The data in group 2 were similar to those for group 1. Administration of nifedipine before and after introduction of CM prevented a rise in serum creatinine and had beneficial effects on TxA2 and prostacyclin synthesis. CONCLUSION: Ionic CM have a renal vasoconstrictive effects mediated by imbalance between vasoconstrictor TxA2 and vasodilator prostacyclin and may be nephrotoxic in risk group patients. The protective effects of calcium antagonists promote normalization of calcium dependent TxA22 and prostacyclin synthesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Endothelin-1 in the mechanisms of the nephrotoxic action of x-ray contrast media].

The authors study mechanisms of nephrotoxic action of high-osmolar radiopaque substance (RPS) and the role of endothelin-1, hormonal endothelial factor, in these mechanisms in patients with different variants of chronic glomerulonephritis. Endothelin-1 is a potent endogenic vasoconstrictor participating in regulation of intrarenal hemodynamics and renal function the synthesis of which id related to Ca metabolism. Mechanisms of nephrotoxic action of RPS involve disturbances of Ca metabolism (hypercalcemia), high concentration of blood endothelin-1 which directly correlated with baseline creatinine in the serum and deterioration of renal function after RPS introduction. Ca ions antagonists (corinfar) contribute to prevention of changes in endothelin-1 synthesis relevant renal dysfunction induced by RPS.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1996

[New approaches to the pathogenetic therapy and prevention of acute kidney failure related to the use of x-ray contrast agents].

The authors analyze causes, mechanisms underlying acute renal failure (ARF) attributed to tests with application of radioopaque substances and results of ARF treatment in 12 ARF patients and on Wistar rats models. It is inferred that ARF is a frequent and severe complication of the above tests which may be treated successfully by early application of dialysis, filtration, sorption, plasmapheresis techniques. Disorders of calcium metabolism and their correction contribute to ARF onset. Radio-opaque substances have essential inhibiting action on nitrogen oxide synthesis in the kidneys of experimental animals.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

[Acute kidney failure related to the use of x-ray contrast agents and indomethacin: the risk factors and mechanisms of its development].

7 acute renal failure (ARF) and experiments provided information on ARF induced by radio-opaque substances and indomethacin. The leading mechanism underlying renal failure is supposed to be the spasm of renal afferent arterioles secondary to hypercalcemia, prostaglandin synthesis blockade, activation of renin-angiotensin system and high activity of adenosine.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tubular interstitial disorders in the nephrotoxic action of antibiotics].

Experimental and clinical evaluation of antibiotic nephrotoxicity suggest a conclusion that these drugs may cause tubular damage in relatively unaffected function of tubular apparatus. Progression of tubular dysfunction results from accumulation of high concentrations of antibiotics in renal parenchyma due to tubular filtration and secretion of the drug by tubular epithelium cells. In the majority of patients the disease manifestations were directly associated with antibiotics administration. Tubular dysfunctions present as concentration, acid-excretion, glucose transport and beta 2-microglobulin reabsorption abnormalities. Though renal lesions proved benign, there were occasional cases of acute renal insufficiency in the absence of arterial hypertension.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The preliminary results of a study of the role of endogenous nitric oxide in pregnant women with chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertension and puerperal eclampsia].

NO-synthase activity and formation of ERP/NO were evaluated in 19 pregnant women by high activity of platelet guanylate-cyclase (GC) and presence of z-arginine. The examinees were divided into 4 groups: 3 women with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), 9 patients with essential hypertension (EH), 3 nonpregnant women of reproductive age with EH, 3 healthy pregnant women. One patient had puerperal eclampsia. Z-arginine activation failed to change GC activity in healthy pregnant women, reduced it in pregnant and nonpregnant women with EH, increased GC activity 1.6-fold in a patient with puerperal eclampsia and in CGN pregnant females. It is inferred that changes in NO-dependent synthesis of cGMP manifested more distinctly in a patient with puerperal eclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute kidney failure from the nephrotoxic action of x-ray contrast media].

Causes and mechanisms involved in the onset of severe forms of acute renal insufficiency induced by highly osmotic ionic x-ray contrast media have been analyzed for 9 patients suffering from renal and other diseases. Risk factors and factors of principal importance in promotion of nephrotoxicity of contrast media are the following: preexisting renal dysfunction, cardiovascular insufficiency, hypovolemia, calcium and sodium dysbolism. Approaches to prevention of contrast media nephrotoxicity with employment of forced diuresis, vasodilators, calcium channels blockers are under consideration.

Acute Kidney Injury↗