Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Tanaka.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
We examined corneal nerves of 22 patients from 10 families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN-2A). According to the findings in slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination and photographic documentation, the increased visibility of corneal nerves were classified into 5 grades (Grade 0 = invisible to Grade 4 = as thick as in MEN-2B). All eyes of normal subjects, 19 of 20 eyes of patients with anterior keratoconus, and 11 of 12 eyes of patients with non-hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) were either grade 0 or 1, and the remaining 2 eyes were evaluated as grade 2. Of the 44 eyes of MEN-2A patients, 5 (11.4%) eyes were grade 0, 11 (25%) eyes were grade 1, 19 (43.2%) eyes were grade 2, 8 (18.2%) eyes were grade 3, and 1 (2.3%) eye was grade 4. Thus, more than 60% of eyes of MEN-2A patients showed pathologically thickened corneal nerves of varying degree (grade 2 or higher). There was no definite relationship between the grade of corneal nerve thickening and the patient's age or presence of pheochromocytoma. Differences in the grade of corneal nerve thickening were observed among affected members belonging to the same MEN-2A family, but unaffected members of the family never showed prominent corneal nerves of grade 2 or higher. Our findings suggest that MTC patients with thickened corneal nerves might actually be MEN-2A patients and should be carefully followed for other components of this syndrome.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term results in 63 patients who underwent transarterial embolization for control of hemoptysis. Overall immediate success rate was 86.1%. At long-term follow-up 50% of patients showed complete remission, 22% partial remission, and 28% recurrent hemoptysis. Hemoptysis remained controlled for a mean of 22 months and a median of 14 months. The long-term results among four disease groups differed substantially. Patients with bronchiectasis showed the best results, followed by those with idiopathic disease and with inflammation; patients with neoplasm showed the worst results.
We studied the three-dimensional (3D) deformities in patients with congenital facial anomalies, such as cleft lip and palate or hemifacial microsomia using three-dimensional CT (3DCT) images. At the same time, the data from the 3DCT was processed and analyzed using a 3DCT measurement system which we have recently developed. The coordinates of the 67 test points on the craniofacial bones were determined on a 3D image prepared by the 3DCT measurement system. Using this system, we prepared the 'skeletograms', which present deformities of craniofacial bones in detail as a 3D wire frame model, for detailed analysis of the craniofacial bones' deformities.
The temporal bones of 28 patients who underwent tympanoplasty were evaluated with high-resolution CT (HRCT). Seventeen patients had undergone tympanoplasty with a columella, used to form an ossicular reconstruction. The incus body was used as the columella in 4 patients and a prosthesis was used in 13 patients. No columella was used in the other 11 patients. After tympanoplasty, CT demonstrated normal appearance in 8 patients. Of the other 20 patients, 16 were diagnosed with chronic otitis media, and 4 were diagnosed with recurrent cholesteatoma on the basis of follow-up CT examinations. Seven underwent reoperation. In all 4 patients with recurrent cholesteatoma, the diagnosis was pathologically confirmed at reoperation. In 1 patient diagnosed with chronic otitis media, the pathological diagnosis was recurrent cholesteatoma. The columellae in 8 of the 17 patients could not be identified on CT because of surrounding soft tissue mass, but in the other 9 patients the condition of the ossicular reconstruction was well demonstrated. Prosthesis dislocation was apparent in 2 patients. We recommend HRCT examination in the follow-up of tympanoplasty patients.
OBJECTIVE: We applied glucose loading during PET studies with [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) to enhance detection of brain tumors by diminution of FDG uptake in normal gray matter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved three patients with glioblastomas. Two PET scans were performed in all cases within 1 week in control and with glucose loading state. RESULTS: In all patients, tumor was depicted more clearly with glucose loading than in the control study. The FDG uptake ratio of tumor to normal cortical gray matter showed a mean increase of 27% with glucose loading. CONCLUSION: This technique might be useful for detection of recurrent or residual tumors.
The extrahepatic spread of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is uncommon. Moreover, metastatic uterine tumor from extragenital primaries is rare. We report a 63-year-old woman with uterine metastasis from HCC. She had undergone transcatheter arterial embolization four times and surgery for HCC from 2-4 years before. This time, she underwent resection of a newborn, head-sized uterine tumor that was proven to be metastasis from HCC. This is the first described case of metastatic uterine tumor originated from HCC.
This is a case of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SSCN). The diagnosis of SSCN was based on the result of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and on suggestive clinical manifestations. The pure-tone audiogram showed bilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss with a poor speech discrimination score and Jerger type IV. The remarkable elevation of the detective threshold of cochlear microphonics on electrocochleography was found and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) showed no response: These electrophysiologic examinations, including electrocochleography and DPOAE, revealed that the progressive sensorineural hearing loss in this case was caused by both retrocochlear and cochlear damages.
The transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 expressions were immunohistologically studied in tissues specimens from 120 patients with a pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The results of a univariate analysis indicated that the expression of each of the TGF-beta isoforms correlated with the prognosis. Of the three prognostic factors examined using Cox's stepwise regression model, the TGF-beta1 isoform was found to correlate with survival. These findings suggest that TGF-beta isoforms play an important role in tumor progression and that the TGF-beta1 isoform is a useful prognostic marker for pulmonary adenocarcinomas.
We examined the role of the p53 gene in hyperthermia-induced apoptosis using three human gastric carcinoma cell lines, MKN-28 (carrying mutated type p53 gene), MKN-74 (wild-type), and KATO-III (complete deletion). The results indicate that i) long-term hyperthermia causes necrosis, and short-term treatment induces apoptosis in a gradual time dependent fashion, ii) hyperthermia-triggered apoptosis can occur both in a p53 gene-dependent and -independent manner, and iii) up-regulation of Hsp70 might enhance the function of wild-type p53 protein in hyperthermia-induced apoptosis.
An autopsy case with clinically and molecular genetically diagnosed Huntington's disease (HD) accompanied with minimal non-specific neuropathological features was reported. When the patient was 45 years old, he had faulty memory, mood swing, personality change and agitation. Neurological and psychiatric examinations revealed choreoathetoid movements in limbs and trunk, generalized hyperreflexia and mental deterioration. However, cerebellar ataxia and muscle rigidity were not disclosed. Neuroimaging study did not show a definite atrophy of heads of caudate nuclei. Neuroacanthocytosis and Wilson's disease were ruled out by the peripheral blood examination and serum Cu and ceruloplasmin examination. At the age of 55 he died of pneumonia. Post-mortem examination revealed minimal non-specific neuropathological features for HD (Vonsattel's grade 0), that is, no visible fibrillary gliosis in the striatum, and few neuronal loss and only proliferation of astrocytes (astrocytosis) in the striatum. Molecular-genetic study the patient's brain tissues and his youngest son's blood was performed. These studies revealed 40 CAG repeats in the patient, 56 CAG repeats in his youngest son. These results suggest they may be HD. Vonsattel et al. [ 1998] insist that grade 0 comprises 1% of all HD brains, and grade 1 comprises 4% of all HD brains. But we could not find any reports in which the clinical and neuropathological features were described in detail on the cases with clinically and molecular genetically diagnosed HD without specific pathological findings. Therefore, we present in detail the clinical and neuropathological features of such case.
OBJECTIVE: In order to predict the clinical outcome of secondary (AA) amyloidosis patients with rheumatic diseases, we studied the clinical features at presentation of AA amyloidosis. METHODS: We investigated the clinical characteristics and survival of 42 patients with biopsy-proven AA amyloidosis who were followed up in our department from 1983 to 2001. RESULTS: A presenting factor which adversely influenced clinical outcome was a raised serum creatinine concentration at the time AA amyloidosis was diagnosed. Eight of 42 patients survived for 10 years or more after the presentation of AA amyloidosis, while 24 patients had died within 10 years. At the diagnosis of AA amyloidosis, cardiac involvement was detected in 11 of 24 non-survivors, whereas it was not detected in any of the 8 long-term survivors. Estimated survival at 5 years was 31.3% in those who had cardiac involvement, and was 63.3% in those who had no cardiac involvement at the presentation of AA amyloidosis. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that clinical outcome is related to renal function and cardiac involvement at the time AA amyloidosis is diagnosed. Amyloid-related cardiac involvement is one of the unfavorable predictive factors in AA amyloidosis patients.
The changes in serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, and total calcium) produced by high-dose (3 ml/kg) intravenous contrast media were investigated in Japanese white rabbits. The test solutions included sodium/meglumine diatrizoate (370 mgI/ml), sodium/meglumine ioxaglate (320 mgI/ml), iohexol (350 mgI/ml), iopamidol (370 mgI/ml), 20% mannitol, and isotonic saline. The alterations in serum ionized calcium were relatively small and transient, and correlated with changes in the hematocrit. Diatrizoate caused a significant decrease in ionized calcium in comparison with other contrast media and mannitol. The ratio of ionized calcium to total calcium showed no significant decrease in any group. The changes in potassium did not correlate with those in hematocrit. Diatrizoate caused a smaller decrease in potassium than low-osmolality contrast media, which may suggest that diatrizoate caused a shift in potassium from extravascular space to intravascular space. In conclusion, intravenous infusion of high doses of low-osmolality contrast media did not cause clinically significant alterations in serum electrolytes.