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Biomedical subjects

F Talbot

Publications and source records attributed to F Talbot.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Computerized cognitive training with learning disabled students: a pilot study.

The effects of practicing computerized exercises in class by 59 learning disabled students who received an 8-hr. training program, 30 min. per week, were evaluated. Six exercises designed to facilitate basic cognitive skills development were used. Twelve subjects were assigned to a control group without any form of intervention. Covariance analysis (pretest scores used as covariates) showed a significant effect of training on mental arithmetic. These results suggest that practicing a computerized exercise of mental arithmetic can facilitate the automatization of basic arithmetic skills (addition, subtraction, and multiplication). The nature, progress, and evaluation of such types of intervention are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A single amino acid substitution strongly modulates the activity and substrate specificity of the mouse mdr1 and mdr3 drug efflux pumps.

Specific protein domains and amino acids responsible for the apparent capacity of P-glycoprotein (mdr) to recognize and transport a large group of structurally unrelated drugs have not been identified. We have introduced a single Ser----Phe substitution within the predicted TM11 domain of mdr1 (position 941) and mdr3 (position 939) and analyzed the effect of these substitutions on the drug-resistance profiles of these two proteins. Mutations at this residue drastically altered the overall degree of drug resistance conveyed by mdr1 and mdr3. The modulating effect of this mutation on mdr1 and mdr3 varied for the drugs tested: it was very strong for colchicine and adriamycin and moderate for vinblastine. For mdr1, the Ser941----Phe941 substitution produced a unique mutant protein that retained the capacity to confer vinblastine resistance but lost the ability to confer adriamycin and colchicine resistance. These results strongly suggest that the predicted TM11 domain of proteins encoded by mdr and mdr-like genes plays an important role in the recognition and transport of their specific substrates.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Demonstration of a surface antigen of Clostridium tyrobutyricum by use of immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody.

A monoclonal antibody, prepared against whole cells of Clostridium tyrobutyricum, recognized a surface antigen extracted by heat treatment or by hot phenol-water treatment. This antigen, after analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, has been shown to present a regularly-spaced ladder pattern similar to those shown by the lipopolysaccharide of many gram-negative bacteria. The proteinase K has been shown to have no effect on the recognition of this epitope by the monoclonal antibody. On the contrary, the inhibition of the antigen reactivity to the monoclonal antibody after a mild periodate oxidation suggests the involvement of a carbohydrate moiety in the epitope. Moreover, the SDS-PAGE analysis of phenol-water extracts has shown an additional compound, detected by silver staining but not recognized by the monoclonal antibody.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validation of the French translation of the agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: The goal of the present study was to validate the French version of the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ). METHODS: Subjects consisted of 115 patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia, 54 obsessive-compulsive patients and 72 normal controls. Patients were referred for outpatient treatment. They filled in the questionnaire before and after entering treatment. The control group consisted of people taken from the general population. It was matched with the clinical groups on age, sex and education. RESULTS: The ACQ appears to have a constant factor structure across US, Dutch and French samples. Results support the validity of the total score of the ACQ. Patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia scored significantly higher than obsessive-compulsive patients and control subjects. On the ACQ physical concerns subscale agoraphobic patients were significantly different from obsessive-compulsive patients and control subjects. On the social/behavioural subscale agoraphobic patients and obsessive-compulsive patients were significantly different from control subjects. The French translation of the ACQ was found to be stable over an interval of 15 days in the control group. The Cronbach coefficients of both subscales were also satisfactory. These results support the stability and the internal consistency of the questionnaire. In addition, the French translation of the ACQ was sensitive to changes with cognitive-behavioural therapy. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the findings of Chambless and Gracely [Cogn Ther Res 1989;13:9-20]. The ACQ physical concerns subscale is a specific feature for the anxiety status experienced by patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia. The ACQ social/behavioural subscale seems to be a more general feature of anxious patients.

Adult↗