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Biomedical subjects

F Spreafico

Publications and source records attributed to F Spreafico.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Adjuvant treatment with levamisole in cancer: a review of experimental and clinical data.

Animal and human studies of adjuvant treatment with levamisole in cancer are reviewed and discussed. From the animal data it is concluded that the activity of levamisole is dose-dependent, more effective on slow-growing tumors, affects metastasis formation, preferentially is best when levamisole is used as an adjuvant to the usual cytoreductive treatments and that tumor enhancement is not expected. Clinical findings are put into perspective of the animal data and the most appropriate clinical situations are indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Activation of K cells in mice with transplanted tumours differing in immunogenicity and metastasizing capacity.

The effector arm of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was evaluated using 51Cr-labelled chicken erythrocytes as targets in BALB/c mice transplanted with the Moloney sarcoma virus-induced tumours T-MSV and MS2, and in C57BL/6 mice transplanted with the chemically induced FS6 sarcoma, Lewis lung carcinoma and B16 melanoma. Tumour-bearing animals showed higher levels of ADCC than normal mice, a stimulation confirmed in MS2-bearing mice, using SL2 lymphoma cells as targets in a cytostasis assay. ADCC effector-cell capacity was higher in animals transplanted with the immunogenic, spontaneously regressing T-MSV than in mice bearing the poorly immunogenic metastasizing MS2 sarcoma. The increased ADCC activity detectable in the spleen of tumour-bearing hosts was not abolished by removal of phagocytic-adherent cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of immunomodulators on effector cells involved in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity: Brief communication.

The effect of four immunomodulators (BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, pyran copolymer, and levamisole) on the cellular arm of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was investigated in mice with 51Cr-labeled chicken erythrocytes employed as targets. All these drugs, except levamisole, stimulated the effector cells of ADCC in the spleen, but the kinetics of their effect differed. Stimulation of the effector cells of ADCC peaked on day 15 after injection of BCG and C. parvum and on day 7 after injection of pyran, which was less efficient in this respect than the two bacterial immunostimulants. The increase in ADCC activity caused by BCG and C. parvum was eliminated by treatment with carbonyl iron of the splenocyte suspensions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Antigenic changes of L5178Y lymphoma after treatment with 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) imidazole-4-carboxamide in vivo.

Immunologic alteration of the L5178Y lymphoma was obtained in vivo after treatment with 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (DIC). A single dose of 1,3-bis(2-chlorethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) "CURED" MICE CHALLENGED WITH L5178Y cells that had been treated with DIC (L5178Y/DIC) for four transplant generations; BCNU did not cure mice bearing the parent tumor. The L5178Y/DIC, treated in vivo for five transplant generations, id not grow in syngeneic mice. L5178Y/OIC cell growth and incidences of death were similar to those of parent cells when inoculated into heavily immunosuppressed mice. Adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from spleens of mice sensitized to the drug-altered tumor specifically protected immunosuppressed mice bearing the L5178Y/DIC tumor. Little protection was afforded by lymphocytes immune to the parent L5178Y tumor, whereas nonimmune lymphocytes or lymphocytes immune against unrelated tumors were completely ineffective. Anti-L5178Y/DIC lymphocytes did not cure mice challenged with the parent L5178Y tumor. Irradiated (400 R) mice previously sensitized to L5178Y/DIC cells rejected 10(2)-10(7) inocula of L5178Y/DIC cells and died when the parent L5178Y was used for challenge. It was concluded that antigeni( alterations of L5178Y cells occurred in (BALB/ctcr X DBA/2Cr)F1 mice after treatment with DIC in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The immunodepressive and hematotoxic activity of imidazole-4-carboxamide,5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) in mice.

The immunodepressive and bone marrow stem cell-reducing activities of imidazole-4-carboxamide,5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) (DTIC), an antitumoral agent reported to possess little immunodepressive capacity in man, have been investigated in mice and compared with those displayed by cyclophosphamide (Cy). In this species, single doses of DTIC could profoundly depress antilymphoma allograft resistance as well as the number of antibody-producing cells after primary and secondary stimulation with sheep erythrocytes. The highest immunodepressive activity was observed when DTIC was given before antigen and the effect observed was substantially more long lasting than seen with Cy, which was, however significantly more active on a milligram per kilogram basis. In contrast, both agents displayed a quantitatively equal activity in reducing bone marrow stem cells. It is concluded that DTIC can be an effective immunodepressant and that this activity may have clinical implications.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Steroid contraceptive agents and immunological reactivity in experimental animals.

The immunodepressive activity of widely employed steroid contraceptive agents (SCA's) was evaluated in mice and rats on various humoral and cell-mediated responses. Three different progestagens (lynestrenol, norethindrone or norethynodrel) were administered in combination with the estrogen mestrahese SCA's could significantly reduce the severity of allergic encephalomyelitis in rats, variations in their capacity to interfere with primary response to sheep erythrocytes in mice and anti-mouse erythrocyte autoantibody formation were found. Treatments employed with these SCA's did not reduce tumor allograft resistance in mice and the anti-sheep erythrocyte response in rats. In addition, otherwise immunosuppressive treatments with these SCA's did not modify the mouse response to a T-independent antigen. The possible clinical significance of these results is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A characterization of the immunosuppressive activity of adriamycin and daunomycin on humoral antibody production and tumor allograft rejection.

The effects of adriamycin (AM) and its analog daunomycin (DM) on immunological responsiveness have been investigated in an effort to elucidate whether a differential interaction of the two drugs with the immune system could play a role in the higher antineoplastic activity of AM. It was found that AM induced a greater reduction in the number of antibody-producing cells after primary stimulation with sheep erythrocytes, whereas DM was more suppressive on the secondary response to the same antigen. Primary reactivity to the T-independent antigen S-III was reduced by AM, whereas DM was ineffective in the same conditions even at high doses. In addition, when a tumor allograft model was investigated, DM was significantly more immunosuppressive than was AM administered at equitoxic doses. In contrast, these agents displayed similar activity in reducing bone marrow stem cells and in inhibiting DNA synthesis in this organ. The possibility that the different immunosuppressive capacity of AM and DM contributes to the greater antitumoral activity of the former is advanced.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The attacker: target-cell ratio and serum effects on in vitro cell-mediated immunity.

Sera collected from mice rejecting an allogeneic tumor and showing arming activity for normal splenocytes increased target-cell lysis by immune cells when low (less than or equal to 25:1) attacker:target-cell ratios (A:T) were used but inhibited cytotoxicity at higher (100:1) A:T. The importance of this methodologic variable in studies of serum activity on cellular cytotoxicity is emphasized and the possible mechanisms are discussed.

Animals↗