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Biomedical subjects

F Simon

Publications and source records attributed to F Simon.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Historical research on international medical terminology].

The history of medical terminology is part of the history of medicine. Historical study of medical terminology involves the following aims: 1. to investigate the role of Latin and Greek in medical terminology; 2. to study changes and trends in terminology, such as changes induced by better insight into certain phenomena, narrowing and broadening of the content of terms, development of models and of special means of word formation, fight against foreign elements in terminology, and the existence of synonyms and eponyms; 3. research into the origin and development of individual terms; 4. to establish the use of terms by individual authors; 5. to study trends towards unification of terminology; 6. to investigate theoretical views of physicians on medical terminology in the past. (Ref. 93.).

History, 16th Century↗
PubMed1988

Disposition of amopyroquin in rats and rabbits and in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum.

The disposition of amopyroquin was studied in rats after a single 50-mg/kg (body weight) oral dose of amopyroquin base. After a rapid absorption phase, the drug concentrations decreased in the plasma, with a terminal half-life of 14.5 h. The drug was widely distributed in the liver and lungs and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys and spleen. In rabbits, the kinetic parameters were compared after a single 10-mg/kg dose of amopyroquin base through intravenous, intramuscular (i.m.), and oral routes. The similar bioavailability values (0.67 and 0.69) suggested that the drug could be used through i.m. or oral administration. Clearance and distribution volume did not differ significantly among the three modes of administration, and the terminal half-lives were 18.1 +/- 3.3, 23.9 +/- 6.7, and 25.7 +/- 5.4 h for intravenous, i.m., and oral routes, respectively. The ratio of concentrations in erythrocytes and plasma was about 5 in rats and rabbits. Three metabolites were detected in both animal species (one was tentatively identified as the primary amine derivative). The amopyroquin in vitro activity was tested against four chloroquine-susceptible and 11 chloroquine-resistant African Plasmodium falciparum strains. For all isolates, the 50% inhibitory concentrations of amopyroquin were much lower than those of chloroquine and monodesethylamodiaquine.

Absorption↗
PubMed1988

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Ancient↗
PubMed1987

[Drug sensitivity of malaria in a population of children in Pointe-Noire, Congo, in the first half of 1986].

The study by an isotopic semi-microtest of the sensitivity of 44 P. falciparum strains isolated from Congolese children living in Pointe-Noire demonstrated a high prevalence of chloroquine resistance and partial cross resistance to monodesethylamodiaquine. The sensitivity to quinine was high except for 3 isolates. The assay of amino-4-quinolines by H. P. L. C. on 37 subjects revealed the extent of self-treatment and drug-pressure in this population. A 3-day treatment with 25 mg/kg of chloroquine or amodiaquine in 24 subjects resulted in the disappearance of clinical symptoms in all patients and a parasitological cure on day 7 in 75%. The partial maintenance of efficacy of amino-4-quinolines in this chloroquine-resistant region implies that chloroquine and amodiaquine can be used as first choice drugs for uncomplicated acute malaria, but on condition that the levels of resistance and transmission are monitored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[2 cases of multiresistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria contracted in Douala with atypical clinical presentation].

We present two cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria contracted in Douala despite adequate prophylaxis by Fansidar for one and by chloroquine for the other. Failure of curative treatment by Fansidar for the first case (in vitro chloroquine-resistant strain) and by amodiaquine plus erythromycin for the second. After these therapeutic failures, both patients presented without fever, but with splenomegaly and anaemia. The successful therapeutic was mefloquine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to quinolines and therapeutic strategies: comparison of the situation in Africa and Madagascar between 1983 and 1986].

One thousand and twenty six P. falciparum strains isolated from cases imported in France and field surveys in four regions of Africa and Madagascar were studied in vitro against chloroquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, quinine and mefloquine, 917 in vivo tests were performed during field studies with chloroquine (10 and 25 mg/kg) and amodiaquine (10, 25, 35 mg/kg). In Madagascar, the chemoresistance remained low and stable during the study period, concerning mostly chloroquine (11% in vitro and in vivo) without obvious geographical variation. 25 mg/kg chloroquine or amodiaquine were satisfactory as respectively first and second line therapeutic regimen. In Central Africa, chemoresistance emerged with an epidemic profile and increased dramatically in disseminated urban focus. High level and prevalence of chloroquine resistance and multiresistance were observed few months after the index cases in these foci. In South West Cameroon, amodiaquine remained efficient as curative treatment but only at a dose of 35 mg/kg/5 days. Decrease of in vitro sensitivity and in vivo efficacy of quinine is a matter of concern. Given the heterogeneous and evolutive situation of drug resistance, the need for epidemiological surveillance and monitoring of P. falciparum drug sensitivity in Africa is obvious to adjust therapeutic regimen.

Amodiaquine↗
PubMed1987

[Current aspects of imported drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum].

24 cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a group of 73 non-immune subjects coming mostly from central Africa have been tested in vitro for chloroquine sensitivity: 5 are sensitive, 19 are resistant among whom one is also quinine-resistant. The comparison of the major clinical and biological features in the two groups by methods of statistical calculation shows that the parasitological diagnosis is retarded and that hemolysis is more frequent in the strains of Plasmodium falciparum resistant to chloroquine. Thrombopenia is more frequent with chemosensitives strains. In any case, the delay between the first symptoms and the parasitological diagnosis is increased with an average of 17 days in comparison to what was observed in the 1970's. Under the influence of several complex factors including human ones, the clinical aspects are changed in comparison to forms usually observed. In this context of an extension of the emergence of the chemoresistance and in the aim of efficiency, only the quinine I.V., with an average dose of 16.5 mg/kg per day of quinine-base, has been chosen as a curative treatment during 5 days allowing a rapid recovery without after-effects for all the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Retinal visual acuity with pattern VEP normal subjects and reproducibility.

Retinal visual acuity was determined using an objective method by means of VEP. Sixty subjects with subjective visual acuity ranging from 20/25 to 20/12 were measured with a computer-controlled laser interferometer, using interference fringes modulated in counterphase as pattern-reversal stimulus. Steady-state VEPs taken at different spatial frequencies were evaluated by Fourier analysis and linear regression. Objective retinal acuity was calculated as the intersection between the linear regression line and the linear scaled spatial frequency axis. In 68% of all cases, the difference between objective and subjective visual acuity was less than +/- 5.1 cycles per degree (c/d) (+/- 15.4% referred to subjective acuity); in 86%, the difference was less than +/- 7.7 c/d (+/- 23.1%).

Evoked Potentials, Visual↗