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Biomedical subjects

F Savino

Publications and source records attributed to F Savino.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Food intakes in breast-feeding mothers].

BACKGROUND: The relation between mother's diet and breastmilk composition is still an open issue. Nutritional inadequacies during lactation may affect the well-being of both the mother and the infant. For this reason breast feeding women usually pay attention about their alimentary practices and about their style of life during breast-feeding period. This research was conducted to verify the adequacy of lactating mother's diet in comparison with the Italian recommended daily assumption levels of nutrients (LARN 1996) for this category. We have also compared food intake of not breast feeding mothers with the LARN, and analyzed the differences between these groups of mothers. METHODS: Forty-eight healthy infants were selected, 23 bottle fed, 25 breast fed. Mothers's diet in the previous 48 hours was investigated using a structured questionnaire. The data collected were processed using software Dietosystem to obtain the daily nutrient intakes. RESULTS: The wetnurses's diet in comparison with the LARN 1996 resulted hypocaloric and hyperproteic, deficient in Calcium, Iron, folic acid and vitamin E. Surprisingly not breast feeding mothers's intake of nutrients is closer to LARN levels than that of breast feeding mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers are not informed enough about their alimentation during lactating period. Pediatricians must improve their knowledge about this subject and give the mothers the information they need to achieve the recommended food requirements.

Eating↗
PubMed1999

Psychological and academic functioning in college students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been increasingly recognized as a valid adult diagnosis. Yet the impairments related to ADHD in college students have received little scholarly attention. Psychological and academic impairments in college students not previously diagnosed with ADHD were assessed in a retrospective chart review, using specifically defined diagnostic criteria, and compared with a control group. Students with ADHD had a significantly lower mean grade point average, were more likely to be on academic probation, and reported significantly more academic problems. Measures of psychological impairment in the ADHD group were not significantly different from those in the control group. College students diagnosed with ADHD had a specific pattern of academic impairment. The problems of these students, compared with other groups of children and adults with ADHD, appeared to be more related to a type of learning disorder than to the conceptualization of ADHD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).

Achievement↗
PubMed1997

Hypoantigenic (HA) milk formula and blood cholesterol level in infants at 3 months of age.

A preliminary observation is reported concerning total and high-density lipoprotein blood cholesterol levels in 36 infants at 3 months of age fed with a hypoantigenic milk formula. The values are compared with those of 66 breastfed and 76 conventional formula-fed infants. Total and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in hypoantigenic formula-fed infants (152 and 65.7 mg dl(-1), respectively) were comparable to those of breastfed infants (148 and 61.8 mg dl(-1)) and significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of conventional formula-fed infants (130 and 42.5 mg dl(-1)).

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1996

[Home enteral nutrition in pediatric age. Based on the Torino experience].

Enteral nutrition is increasingly used in the management of sick children. Malnutrition may frequently complicate chronic illness in children and nutritional support may be a primary treatment. Particularly children with malnutrition due to certain chronic disorders may need long term enteral nutrition not only in hospital but also at home. We report our experience on home enteral nutrition of 14 patients, aged from 3 months to 15 years. Eleven had a serious weight deficit (< 3 degrees percentile), but none had severe alteration of the biohumoral nutritional parameters. The indication for EN were: in 7 patients cerebral palsy, in 2 cystic fibrosis, and in the other 5 patients congenital heart disease, multiple food intolerance, oesophageal athresia, Werding-Hoffman disease, Costello's Syndrome. Nutritional support was given by nasogastric tube in 6 patients, through gastrostomy in 3 patients and by mouth in 5 patients. We did not see any severe complication due to home enteral nutrition. The practicalities of this nutritional approach are discussed. Although home enteral nutrition was evaluated in a low number of patients, it may have a role in promoting growth of children with inadequate dietary intake or malnutrition and in improving their quality of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Bone metabolism changes after transdermal estradiol dose reduction during estrogen replacement therapy: a 1-year prospective study.

Twenty-four surgically menopausal women were randomly allocated to one of two transdermally-administered estrogen replacement therapies (ERT): Group A was administered Estradiol (E2) TTS 0.05 mg/day for 6 months and 0.025 mg/day for the following six months and group B, E2 TTS 0.10 mg/day for the first 6 months and 0.05 mg/day for the following 6 months. For both groups, the treatment regimen was based upon the twice-weekly application of transdermal patches to the lower abdomen for three weeks a month. Serum E2, alkaline phosphatase (AP), osteocalcin (BGP) and urinary hydroxyproline (OHP) excretion levels were measured before the operation, at the beginning of ERT and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the distal regions of the forearms was measured by single photon absorptiometry at the start of the study and after 6 and 12 months. In Group A, both mean cortical and trabecular BMD had increased by, respectively, 1.53% and 2.17% after 6 months of therapy; after the second 6 months a significant decrease was observed in both parameters (2.40% and 3.62%, respectively). In Group B, mean cortical and trabecular BMD increased by 1.50% and 2.10%, respectively (significant increase in trabecular bone) after the first 6 months of treatment; after the following 6 months, these values persisted (+0.15 and -0.03%, respectively). Mean AP, OHP and BGP serum levels rose after the operation. In Group A, AP and OHP showed a significant decrease after the first 6 months (-34.90% and -30.90%), followed by an increase at the last evaluation of 22.50% and 35.50%, that reached statistical significance only for OHP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1994

Dietary modifications versus dicyclomine hydrochloride in the treatment of severe infantile colics.

This study examined 120 infants, aged 3-12 weeks, with severe colics and compared the results of a specific hypoallergenic diet (group A) with those of pharmacological treatment (group B). Non-breast-fed group A infants received soy milk and if unresponsive, hydrolyzed milk formulas; mothers of breast-fed infants received a diet without cow's milk, eggs or fish. Breast-fed and non-breast-fed group B infants received dicyclomine hydrochloride 3 mg/kg/day. Results, based on quantitative measurements of crying, indicated that in breast-fed infants there was no significant improvement between group A (62.5%) and group B (66.6%) infants. Among formula-fed infants, comparison of positive results using soy milk (65.9%) with positive results using dicyclomine (53.3%) was not significant; positive results using soy milk and hydrolyzed milk formulas in non-responders to soy milk, provided an improvement in 95.4% of cases. Pharmacological treatment provided an improvement in 53.3% of cases. The difference was significant (p < 0.01).

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1994

[Lipidemic alterations in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in treatment with L-aspariginase].

The case of a child treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (LLA) with high-dose L-asparaginase, (HD L-ase) presented alteration who of lipidemic values (rise of total cholesterol and triglyceride values) without toxicity is described. This finding has previously been reported in only a few patients. Parameters normalized with dietetic regimen. The authors underline the importance of the control, in patient during HD L-ase treatment of lipidic values too, especially when parents also have similar alterations.

Asparaginase↗
PubMed1994

[Milk feeding of infants in the Turin district. An epidemiological survey].

A cross section study was performed on 1342 children living in the Turin district to examine the modalities followed for milk-feeding during the first year of life. Children examined had been admitted to the infants' ward of the Pediatric University Clinic of Turin suffering from common illness of early infancy. Mothers were asked to fill in a questionnaire concerning breast-feeding, formula feeding and cow's milk feeding. Data collected show that 75% of infants were exclusively breast-fed at birth, that a large number of infants are already fed cow's milk after the 3rd month of life, that hypoallergenic formulas are overused (18.5% among adapted formulas), and that follow-up formulas are underused. Most of the mothers (74%) say that their dietary choices were made by their physician. These data indicate that infant dietary trends in our district are often not in accordance with scientific recommendations.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Weaning of infants in the Turin district. An epidemiological survey].

A cross section study was performed on 1060 healthy children living in the Torino district to examine the modalities followed for weaning during infancy. Mothers were asked to fill in a questionnaire which contained questions concerning the family, allergic and metabolic diseases in relatives, type of food given to infants before, during and after weaning, and source of dietary counselling. A score was given for each answer. Data indicate generally correct trends though major fields of error concerns prevention of food allergy and coeliac disease. Scores were correlated with family type and area of origin of the family.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Comparative study of progesterone plasma levels after nasal spray and intramuscular administration of natural progesterone in menopausal women.

11 mg natural progesterone (P) was administered to 20 healthy menopausal women by means of a nasal spray or intramuscular injection. Circulating P levels were calculated at various times after administration. The spray formulation yielded a CMax of 3.75 ng/ml at TMax = 60 min, the area under the curve (AUC)0-720 being 1,481.6 +/- 343. Intramuscular administration yielded a mean CMax of 4.137 ng/ml at TMax = 240 min, the AUC0-720 being 2,491.2 +/- 540. P absorption was faster through the nasal than through the intramuscular route, but intramuscular administration led to high serum levels for a much longer period.

Absorption↗
PubMed1992

Progesterone administration by nasal spray in menopausal women: comparison between two different spray formulations.

The aim of the study was to compare the bioavailability of progesterone dissolved in almond oil or dimethicone, and administered by nasal spray. Twenty healthy menopausal women were randomly allocated to treatment by four doses of intranasal spray either of a progesterone solution in almond oil, 2 mg/0.1 ml, corresponding to a total dose of approximately 11 mg of progesterone, or a progesterone solution in dimethicone 5 mg/0.1 ml corresponding to a total dose of approximately 28 mg of progesterone. Circulating progesterone levels were calculated at various time intervals following administration. The formulation with almond oil yielded a maximum progesterone concentration (Cmax of 3.75 ng/ml at Tmax = 60 min, and the area under the curve (AUC0-720) value was 1481.6 +/- 343. The formulation with dimethicone yielded a mean Cmax of 1.049 ng/ml at Tmax = 30 min; the AUC0-720 value was 302.06 +/- 37.5. Therefore, bioavailability of progesterone dissolved in almond oil proved to be largely superior compared to the solution in dimethicone. The crucial role of the carrier in the spray formulations is discussed; in addition to ensuring clinical safety, it must have good solubility for progesterone, be fluid enough to enable efficient 'spraying' and also must allow progesterone to be absorbed through the nasal mucosa.

Absorption↗
PubMed1992

[Hodgkin's disease in childhood].

Only in these latest years has been possible to consider Hodgkin disease (HD) as a neoplastic syndrome, thank of immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic techniques which have confirmed the monoclonal origin of typical cellular marker of disease: the Reed-Sternberg cell (R-S cell). Interesting associations have been observed between children suffering from HD and the positivity of EBV antigen above all in the socio-economically developed countries. The histopathologic classification of HD is divided in four sub-types, with different incidence in the pediatric age: the nodular sclerosis and the mixed cellularity are more rap-presented than the lymphocyte predominance and mostly the lymphocyte depletion. Histopathologic classification is essential for the prognosis and a correct therapeutic approach to disease. The management of HD is based on chemotherapy and radiotherapy associated; the results of treatment are more and more encouraging with a global survival over 95%. Sequelae of treatment are reduced in modern therapeutic trials: in particularly injury to somatic growth, cardiopulmonary system, gonadal and thyroid functionality is reduced by using low dose and involved fields for the early stage patients. The most important sequela in children treated for HD is the risk to developed a second malignant neoplasm; in particularly acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and non Hodgkin's lymphoma. In patients treated with radiotherapy alone increase the risk to develop solid tumors like sarcomas and carcinomas, which can appears several years after diagnosis.

Child↗