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Biomedical subjects

F Rosner

Publications and source records attributed to F Rosner.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Headache in the writings of Moses Maimonides and other Hebrew sages.

In the history of philosophy, theology, and medicine, Maimonides shares the limelight with Arabic scholars such as Ibn Rushd, Ibn Sinna and Ibn Zuhr, chronologically between the great intellectuals of classical Greece and Rome and those of the later Middle Ages and early Renaissance. Maimonides was a very great philosopher and theologian, usually underrated by the historians. He was also an outstanding medical practitioner and teacher. Moses Maimonides had an incredible literary ability and an encyclopedic knowledge. He wrote extensively in the fields of theology, mathematics, law, philosophy, astronomy, ethics, and, of course, medicine. His medical writings are varied, comprising extracts from Greek medicine, a series of monographs on health in general and several diseases in particular, and a pharmacopoiea. The present essay extracts, primarily from Maimonides' medical writings, his pronouncements dealing with headache. Since most of Maimonides' pronouncements about headache in his Medical Aphorisms were derived from Graeco-Roman medical writers such as Hippocrates, and especially Galen, in regard to these statements Maimonides was merely a compiler--not an innovator. Some of his concepts about the causes of headaches being related to a dysequilibrium of the body humors are clearly medieval in origin. Other statements demonstrate this concern with preventive medicine and the maintenance of a healthy regimen of daily living. Medications to treat illness should only be used if non-medicinal means such as diet and exercise are not effective. The heritage of Maimonides' writings is being more and more appreciated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Headache↗
PubMed1993

Symptomatic hyponatremia associated with psychosis, medications, and smoking.

Over a 3-year period, 15 patients with severe hyponatremia were referred to our emergency room from a nearby psychiatric institution. This article reports on 36 episodes of symptomatic hyponatremia in those 15 patients. All but two of the patients were receiving antipsychotic medications; one patient was taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and one patient was taking an oral hypoglycemic agent. Thirteen patients were chronic schizophrenics, one had a bipolar depressive disorder with psychotic features, and one patient had no psychiatric disorder. Patients presented with seizures, change in mental status, and vegetative symptoms (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) associated with hyponatremia and water intoxication. Exacerbation of the patients' underlying illness, psychogenic polydipsia, compulsive smoking, alcoholic cirrhosis, drug abuse, and neuroleptic and other medications are thought to be the major causes of acute hyponatremia in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: report of seven cases.

We describe seven patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a disorder, mostly in young women, characterized by papilledema, elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, normal CSF composition, and normal neuroradiologic studies. Obesity, the most consistent etiologic association, was present in two of our patients. Hypothalamic compression in IIH may induce increased appetite and result in weight gain. Use of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole has been reported to be associated with IIH and was seen in one of our patients. IIH is an important diagnostic consideration in the differential diagnosis for a patient with headache, visual disturbances, and papilledema.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Medical futility. Committee on Bioethical Issues of the Medical Society of the State of New York.

The term futile is used in many different ways. It is therefore difficult to decide whether a procedure or treatment such as CPR or hemodialysis or blood transfusion would be futile in a given case. The AMA's guidelines on the appropriate use of DNR orders state that DNR decisions should be made openly. Institutions should have policies and physicians should elicit the patient's preferences about CPR. For physicians, the question is no longer whether we should discuss DNR orders with our patients; instead, the issue is how to do so with compassion and caring. Physicians should share with patients their judgment about what medicine can and cannot do. Then physicians must "make decisions about when to withhold or limit resuscitation openly" in honest and trusting conversation between doctor and patient. Often CPR is an exercise in futility. The medical profession should be vested with the authority to make futility decisions if they are the product of open discussion and shared deliberation between physician and patient, family, or surrogate. Rationing, triage, and medical futility in relation to AIDS patients require careful deliberation and consideration. What was considered medically futile five years ago for an AIDS patient may be appropriate care nowadays. The need for appropriate use or non-use of life-sustaining therapy for the elderly, the terminally ill, patients with AIDS and other incurable illnesses is evident to patients, health care providers, policy makers, and the public. CPR should only be administered if it is expected to confer lasting benefit to the patient. However, if 10% of elderly patients benefit from CPR in the case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, how can one consider this procedure futile? Although communication between physician and patient about difficult treatment limitation decisions has markedly improved in recent years, it remains a problem, largely because open dialogue with patients and families about futility is a demanding emotional and intellectual task. The medical profession is charged with setting standards for the proper implementation of judgments regarding futility.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1992

Improving access to a primary care medical clinic.

Patients presenting to an episodic care walk-in clinic often warrant prompt but not necessarily emergency attention. Legitimate reasons often prohibit these patients from attending regularly scheduled daytime weekday clinics. Most patients interviewed thought that having a single primary care provider was important to ensure continuity of care. Access to primary care can be improved by scheduling clinics and ancillary services on nontraditional times and days. Enhanced communication can help patients differentiate routine from urgent from emergency conditions. Printed and audiovisual materials can be used to increase awareness of the benefits of comprehensive care.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗