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Biomedical subjects

F Rosner

Publications and source records attributed to F Rosner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Moses Maimonides.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed2000

Reporting by physicians of impaired drivers and potentially impaired drivers. The Committee on Bioethical Issues of the Medical Society of the State of New York.

Physicians routinely care for patients whose ability to operate a motor vehicle is compromised by a physical or cognitive condition. Physician management of this health information has ethical and legal implications. These concerns have been insufficiently addressed by professional organizations and public agencies. The legal status in the United States and Canada of reporting of impaired drivers is reviewed. The American Medical Association's position is detailed. Finally, the Bioethics Committee of the Medical Society of the State of New York proposes elements for an ethically defensible public response to this problem.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Human experimentation in Judaism.

The supreme value of human life, the sanctity of human life, and the obligation of patients to accept standard efficacious medical therapy are axiomatic Judaic principles. If a seriously and/or terminally ill patient has already received all standard treatments and is asked to consider experimental therapy that may prolong his or her life or may hasten death, he or she is allowed but not required to accept the treatment. Healthy people may volunteer to participate in research studies that involve little or no risk.

Human Experimentation↗
PubMed1999

Human immunodeficiency virus-associated pericardial effusion: report of 40 cases and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated pericardial effusion is common. We present its clinical features, cause, and prognosis on the basis of a review of 40 cases at a single public hospital. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted of 122 patients with pericardial effusion (of which 40 were HIV associated) admitted to Queens Hospital Center from January 1988 to April 1997. A review of the literature is also presented. RESULTS: Forty patients with HIV-associated pericardial effusion represent 33% of the 122 patients with pericardial effusion admitted during that period. The most common symptom of the 40 patients was dyspnea (75%). Echocardiogram detected small effusions in 18 (45%), moderate effusions in 10 (25%), and large effusions in 12 (30%). Sixteen (40%) patients had cardiac tamponade, in 15 of whom pericardiocentesis or pericardiostomy was performed. Causes of cardiac tamponade were Mycobacterium species in 3 (19%), Streptococcus pneumoniae in 1 (6%), Staphylococcus aureus in 1 (6%), Kaposi's sarcoma in 1 (6%), and unknown in 10 (63%). In comparison, causes of cardiac tamponade in 74 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the literature were 45% idiopathic, 20% mycobacteria, 19% bacteria, 7% lymphoma, 5% Kaposi's sarcoma, 3% viruses, and 1% fungus. Thirteen of the 40 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the other 27, 11 (41%) were alive at 3 months and 5 (19%) at 1 year. Ten of the 27 patients had cardiac tamponade, of whom 5 (50%) were alive at 3 months and 3 (30%) at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-associated pericardial effusion is the most common type of pericardial effusion in our inner city hospital. Causes are diverse. The development of pericardial effusion predicts a poor prognosis in HIV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Complementary therapies and traditional Judaism.

In Jewish tradition, physicians are obligated to heal the sick and patients are obligated to seek healing from physicians. Judaism also sanctions certain complementary therapies such as prayers, faith healing, and amulets, when used as supplements to traditional medical therapy. Confidence in the healing powers of God through prayer and contrition is encouraged, provided that the patient uses prayer alongside traditional scientific medicine, not as a substitute for it.

Complementary Therapies↗
PubMed1999

The medicinal leech in Jewish writings.

Leeches were widely used for healing throughout antiquity and the Middle Ages. The rabbinic responsa literature acknowledges the use of leeching for the prevention and treatment of certain illnesses, and classic Jewish sources including the Bible, Talmud, and Codes of Jewish Law describe leeches and mention their medicinal use. Although the swallowing of a leech is considered dangerous and may lead to abdominal swelling, the Talmud describes an oral concoction containing leeches in wine for patients with enlarged spleens. It is also documented that engorged leeches placed in salt quickly discharge their blood and can be used again. Modern plastic and microsurgery have rediscovered the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis, to reduce venous congestion. Clearly, the value of this annelid worm lies in its secretion of an anticoagulant known as hirudin, which has several advantages over heparin. One cannot help but marvel at the wisdom and ingenuity of our forefathers.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

An adult with 49,XYYYY karyotype: case report and endocrine studies.

Sex chromosome abnormalities, such as 47,XXX, 47,XXY, 47,XYY, and 45,X, are relatively common and occur in approximately 1 of 400 births. Sex chromosome tetrasomy and pentasomy are much rarer events. The somatic and developmental consequences of supernumerary sex chromosomes have not been studied adequately. This is especially true of individuals with only supernumerary Y chromosomes. Based on available case reports, the effects of extra Y chromosomes appear not as severe as those of supernumerary X chromosomes. Only two case reports of nonmosaic tetrasomy of the Y chromosome have been published. We evaluated a 30-year-old man with a 49,XYYYY karyotype and assessed his severe physical and mental handicaps (particularly the endocrine abnormalities) and attempted to clarify the effects of extra Y chromosomes on growth, development, and behavior.

Adult↗