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F Rodhain

Publications and source records attributed to F Rodhain.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathology in Malagasy lemurs and their relation to human pathology].

From researches conducted in Institute Pasteur in Madagascar and from bibliographical work, the authors try to draw up a general picture of the pathology of lemurs. Several aspects are developed (bacteriology, hematology, mycology, parasitology, virology), especially those which could be interesting for human pathology, for instance the relationships between lemurs and viruses because of the arbovirus programme in progress in Institute Pasteur. The authors emphasize on the possible use of lemurs, the only non human primate in Madagascar, as laboratory animals in order to develop colonies and, then, to promote their conservation.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Culicidae of the French Territory of Afars and Issas. I. The genus Anopheles].

During an entomological survey conducted in French Territory of Afars and Issas from November 1973 to June 1975, eight Anopheles species were collected: A. rhodesiensis, A. azaniae, A. dthali, A. macmahoni, A. gambiae, A. turkhudi, A. salbaii and A. pharoensis. One can note particularly the presence of A. gambiae which does not seem to be observed in the Territory since the beginning of the century.

Africa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Culicidae of the French Territory of Afars and Issas. 2. The genus Culex].

During an entomological survey conducted in French Territory of Afars and Issas from November 1973 to June 1975, seven Culex species were collected: C. sitiens, C. tritaeniorhynchus, C. univittatus, C. simpsoni, C. laticinctus, C. pipiens fatigans, C. tenagius, to which we must add two other doubtfully identified species (C. ethiopicus and C. decens), and one unidentified species.

Africa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of an entomological survey of mosquitoes (diptera:Culicidae) in Hermit Islands and Wuvulu Island (Papua, New Guinea)].

An entomological survey conducted on Wuvulu Island and Maron Island, Hermit group, Papua-New Guinea, in August 1975, 1976 and 1978, shows the presence of eight mosquito species: Anopheles (C.) farauti, Aedes (S.), hebrideus, A. (F.) notoscriptus, A. (V.) lineatus, A. (L.) dasyorrhus, Culex (C.) sitiens, C. (C.) pipiens fatigans and Armigeres breinli. The potential medical significance of these mosquitoes is discussed, with reference to malaria, dengue and filariasis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[South-East Asian arboviruses (author's transl)].

The South-East Asian arbovirological pathology is dominated by dengue fever, of which haemorrhagic forms constitute an important public health problem. The incidence of the disease is increasing from year to year, especially in large urban areas of this region and it is expected that the development of a vaccine in the near future will make it possible to improve the actual prevention only based on mosquito control, directed against domestic and peridomestic Aedes. Almost equally worrying is the epidemiological situation of Japanese encephalitis, which recently gave rise to important outbreaks in the Indian sub-continent, the transmission of which is ensured by rural mosquitoes and is very difficult to interrupt. Other arbovirus diseases are of secondary importance; they can involve dengue-like syndromes, meningo-encephalitic syndromes or haemorrhagic syndromes, and constitute public health problems only sporadically.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[World epidemiological situation: viral disease incidence (author's transl)].

The importance of viral disease, although estimated with difficulty, seems very large in human pathology. Viruses appear to be involved in most of respiratory disease. Moreover, in tropical countries, measles and viral diarrhoeas (mainly rotaviruses) are fatal for many children. But smallpox eradication must be considered as the most important fact which occurred in the field during the last five years, and the consequences of this new situation are discussed. Finally, beyond the recent question of african viral haemorrhagic fevers, one must take in account the increasing prevalence of several arboviruses, specially dengue in southeast Asia, which is one of the first causes of paediatric mortality in urban environment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arboviruses and lemurs in Madagascar: experimental infection of Lemur fulvus with attenuated strains of yellow fever virus].

Experimental infections of the malagasy Lemur fulvus have been carried out with two yellow fever virus attenuated strains (17D and FNV vaccine strains). A viremia is detected, with FNV virus only, between the 1rst and 11th day after inoculation. Haemagglutination inhibiting, complement fixing and neutralizing antibodies appear around the 10th day; the study of their dynamics shows their persistence through less than 6 months. These preliminary experiments are the first of a series of infections of malagasy lemurs by several Flaviviruses. The results might allow to evaluate the epidemiological role played by these prosimian primates in the arbovirus cycles in Madagascar.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and urbanization. Examples of urban vectors of dengue and filariasis].

Once located in time and place the beginning of urbanization process, the mechanisms of adaptation to urban ecosystem and of dissemination by human conveyances are studied for two domestic mosquitoes: Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens fatigans (= quinque-fasciatus). Then epidemiological consequences are discussed. Ae. aegypti pullulation constitutes a potential risk of urban yellow fever outbreak and the main factor of dengue haemorrhagic fever appearance; the increase of C. p. fatigans populations involves a slow rise of bancroftian filariasis. Future prospects for these diseases are discussed with regards to data concerning recent evolution of their own epidemiological features.

Aedes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum. Analysis of factors in its appearance and spread].

After recalling the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of P. falciparum chemo-resistance, the authors report on an analytic study of the factors ruling the apparition and diffusion of resistant strains. The phenomenon is of chromosomic origin. The repetitive and high doses of drugs exert a pressure on the strains which is the main factor for revealing the selecting resistant mutants. Other facilitating factors may operate such as a lack of immunity of the considered population, a possible particular efficiency of some anopheles (more specially A. balabacencis) in the transmission of chloroquino-resistant strains, transfers of population acting either by a massive arrival of persons receptive or carrying resistant plasmodia. The most serious concern is the recent apparition of polyresistant cases in the Indochina Peninsula. The geographical distribution of chloroquino-resistance suggests the existence of two distinct stocks of P. falciparum: one indigenous to Africa and the Atlantic skirt of the American continent, the other to south-est Asia and deep tropical America. Prophylactif consequences, though difficult to apply, are proposed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypotheses on the dynamic ecology of Loa infections].

In the light of the known data about epidemiological cycles of human and simian loiasis in Africa, and the eventual relationships between these infections, a hypothetical schema is presented, giving a whole view of the dynamic ecology of the Loa systems. This schema involves a primitive simian savannah cycle, from which, the filaria passing from monkey to man, a human savannah cycle, and then the classical human forest cycle are developed. The primitive savannah cycle could also be at the origin of simian forest cycles, but the exchanges between monkeys and man seem very unlikely inside the forest. Between the factors favouring the passage from one cycle to another,. the bush fires could have played are important role. Finally, the main factors of the geographical distribution of human loiasis are discussed.

Africa, Central↗