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Biomedical subjects

F Rasmussen

Publications and source records attributed to F Rasmussen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Granulocyte adherence after intravenous and intraarterial injection of ioxaglate or iohexol.

The effect of iohexol and ioxaglate on granulocyte adherence to nylon fibers was investigated with blood from 15 patients undergoing angiography, and from 24 patients undergoing excretory urography. Decreased adherence and increased numbers of granulocytes in the circulation were observed soon after injection of iohexol or ioxaglate in the aorta, or injection of ioxaglate i.v. Increased adherence and decreased numbers of granulocytes in the circulation were observed soon after injection of iohexol i.v. The differences were small soon after the injection of contrast media (CM). More pronounced decreased adherence and increased numbers of granulocytes were detected 2 and 5 hours after injection in the aorta for both CM.

Aorta↗
PubMed1992

Radiographic contrast media and release of neutrophil specific proteins in vitro and after intravenous injection.

The neutrophil granulocytes contain granules in which different proteins are present. When activated the neutrophils degranulate and thereby release some of these proteins to the surroundings. Some of these proteins are specific for this type of cell, e.g., lactoferrin and elastase. To investigate the influence of contrast media (CM) on this release, blood was incubated with diatrizoate, ioxaglate, iohexol, iodixanol, hyperosmolar saline, and hyperosmolar mannitol at different concentrations, and the amount of the neutrophil specific proteins lactoferrin and elastase were measured. Decreasing protein concentrations were observed for increased medium concentrations, suggesting that the degranulation process of the neutrophils was inhibited by the CM. The protein concentrations were lowest after incubation with the two ionic media diatrizoate and ioxaglate. Significantly decreased values of plasma lactoferrin were observed one min after i.v. injection of iohexol or ioxaglate in 82 patients undergoing urography. There was no significant difference between the two CM.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1992

Granulocyte chemotaxis before and after urography. Influence of four different radiographic contrast media.

Granulocytes isolated from whole blood of 10 volunteers with Hypaque/Ficoll or Percoll gradient centrifugation showed a significant inhibition of their chemotactic response when incubated with diatrizoate. The influence of 4 different i.v. injected radiographic contrast media (CM) on granulocyte chemotaxis was evaluated using the under agarose assay. Each CM was injected in 10 consecutive outpatients referred for urography. Cells and serum were obtained before and 20 min after the injection of CM. Autologous serum was used as chemoattractive agent, and the cell suspensions from both samples were tested against serum drawn both before and after the injection of CM. No significant changes in granulocyte chemotaxis or the chemotactic potential of serum were seen. Furthermore, there was no change in the chemotactic response towards homologous serum or N-fmlp after injection of diatrizoate or iohexol. In conclusion, the investigation did not unveil any change in granulocyte chemotaxis 20 min after the injection of CM in the 40 subjects studied.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1992

Phagocytic properties of granulocytes after intravenous injection of ioxaglate or iohexol.

To evaluate the influence of radiographic contrast media (CM) on human granulocytes, the ability of these cells to ingest latex particles after intravenous injection of ioxaglate and iohexol was investigated. Both CM inhibited the phagocytic properties of granulocytes; the inhibition was the most pronounced immediately after the injection, but inhibition was also observed 60 min after injection of ioxaglate. The inhibition 1 and 5 min after injection of CM was more pronounced after injection of ioxaglate than after injection of iohexol. However, this difference between the 2 CM was not significant. Significant inhibition of phagocytosis was found for mannitol solutions with osmolalities higher than 369 mOsm/l. Significant inhibition of phagocytosis was observed when granulocytes were isolated with either Hypaque/Ficoll or Percoll gradient centrifugation and then incubated with diatrizoate. Thus the ability of granulocytes to phagocytize latex particles was inhibited after i.v. injection of 50 ml ioxaglate or iohexol. Part of this inhibition may be due to hyperosmolality.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1992

Granulocyte adherence is inhibited by radiographic contrast media in vitro.

Different amounts of diatrizoate, ioxaglate, iohexol, iodixanol, NaCl 1,000 mOsm/kg, mannitol 1,098 mOsm/kg, and meglumine (meglumine concentrations corresponding to the content in the diatrizoate solutions) were added to either whole blood or a suspension of granulocytes in autologous plasma, and the adherence to nylon fibers was determined. At high concentrations all the investigated contrast media (CM) inhibited granulocyte adherence. The degree of inhibition was significantly greater when the ionic CM diatrizoate and ioxaglate were used, as compared with the nonionic media. Meglumine solutions at high concentrations also inhibited adherence but significantly less than diatrizoate solutions containing the same amount of meglumine. Diatrizoate showed the greatest inhibitory effect on granulocyte adherence, and significant inhibition could be detected even with a 1.25% solution.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1991

Bowel and bladder control of children with myelomeningocele: a Nordic study.

The urinary and bowel control was studied of 527 children with myelomeningocele aged between four and 18 years. Information was obtained from medical records and by parent questionnaire. 44 had normal urinary control, 50 had a urinary diversion and the remaining 433 had neuropathic bladder without urinary diversion, of whom 31 per cent expressed their bladder manually and 40 per cent used clean intermittent catheterisation (CIC). 60 per cent needed assistance emptying their bladder. Children using CIC were more continent and needed less help, but were more often treated with antibiotics. Of the 527 children, 412 had disturbed bowel control. 212 evacuated their bowels manually, of whom 90 per cent needed assistance. Parents judged urinary incontinence to be very stressful for 37 per cent of the children and faecal incontinence for 33 per cent. The authors conclude that social urinary continence should be defined as the ability to keep dry for three hours or more.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Diagnostic quality and complications of hysterosalpingography: oil- versus water-soluble contrast media--a randomized prospective study.

In a prospective randomized study of 417 patients, side effects and complications of contrast media and the diagnostic quality of images obtained after hysterosalpingography (HSG) were evaluated after use of diatrizoate meglumine (104 patients), ioxaglate (105 patients), iohexol (105 patients), or ethiodized poppy-seed oil (103 patients). The authors detected no differences among these groups in the prevalence of pain during HSG. The prevalence of lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding after HSG was significantly lower in the group that received ethiodized poppy-seed oil than in the three other groups. The prevalence of pelvic infection or inflammation was significantly lower with ethiodized poppy-seed oil than with water-soluble media. All contrast media provided acceptable diagnostic image quality with regard to fallopian tubes, peritoneal spill, and intraperitoneal distribution. Visualization of the uterine cavity and ampullary rugae was significantly better with water-soluble media than with ethiodized poppy-seed oil, which was associated with a high conception rate and which the authors consider preferable for HSG.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1991

Therapeutic effect of hysterosalpingography: oil- versus water-soluble contrast media--a randomized prospective study.

In a prospective randomized study, the number of pregnancies after hysterosalpingography (HSG) was estimated in 398 patients who had been infertile for longer than 1 year. Iohexol was used in 101 patients, ioxaglate in 102 patients, diatrizoate meglumine in 97 patients, and ethiodized poppy-seed oil in 98 patients. Ten months after HSG, the patient, referring physician, and/or hospital department was consulted for information about pregnancies. Questionnaires were obtained from the patients who became pregnant during the waiting period of 3 months. No differences in demographic parameters, infertility status, or diagnosis made with HSG were detected among the four contrast media groups. Significantly more patients became pregnant after HSG in the ethiodized poppy-seed oil group than in the three water-soluble contrast media groups (P less than .01). When only intrauterine pregnancies resulting in full-term births were considered, significant differences in pregnancy rates between the oil-soluble and the water-soluble contrast media groups became more obvious. In the group that received ethiodized poppy-seed oil, almost one-third of the infertile women had normal pregnancies and childbirths after HSG.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1991

Long-term results of ultrasonically guided implantation of 125-I seeds combined with external irradiation in localized prostatic cancer.

Transperineal 125-iodine seed implantation guided by transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent external beam irradiation was employed in the treatment of 32 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (16 poorly differentiated). Follow-up is currently 35-98 months with a median of 65 months. Distant metastases have developed in 18 patients, of whom 11 have died from prostatic cancer. Median change in prostatic volume was a reduction of 35%. Re-biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 25 patients after 1-4 years, revealing still malignant histology in 10 (40%), of whom 8 have developed distant metastases or died from prostatic cancer. Fourteen patients suffered from late complications of which surgical intervention was indicated in five cases. Nine patients are presently free of progression and prostate specific antigen is less than 0.5 ng/ml in 8 of these. The future role of ultrasonically guided implantation in the management of prostatic cancer is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Long-term treatment with antiandrogens.

Since the first report in 1966 by Scott and Schirmer on the clinical use of antiandrogens in patients with prostatic cancer, several studies have been published. Most of these deal with short-term treatment and include only a limited number of patients. Steroid antiandrogens have demonstrable progestational and antigonadotrophic effects, whereas the non-steroid "pure" antiandrogens mainly act peripherally on androgen-dependent accessory genital organs and thus preserve libido and sexual potency in most patients. Short-term treatment with antiandrogens have exerted responses similar to those achieved with conventional endocrine therapy. Because of relatively fewer side effects of these drugs, there is an increasing interest in assessment of the long-term effect, and some studies have been initiated.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Intravenous urography with a new non-ionic contrast media in a clinical phase III study: iopentol vs iohexol.

The safety and diagnostic efficacy of iopentol 300 mg I/ml were compared with iohexol 300 mg I/ml in 300 patients submitted for urography. The study was carried out as a double-blind, randomised parallel study where 149 patients received iopentol and 150 patients iohexol. There were no significant differences between the patients receiving the two contrast media with regard to demographic parameters, rate of injection or total dose of injected contrast media. No changes in blood pressure and no clinically important changes in heart rate were detected in the two groups. No serious adverse effects occurred. Seven patients (5%) in the iohexol and 12 patients (8%) in the iopentol group experienced adverse effects other than a sensation of warmth. Fourteen iohexol patients (9%) and 18 iopentol patients (12%) experienced warmth related to the contrast injection. Excellent films were obtained in most patients and no difference in diagnostic quality between iopentol and iohexol was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Granulocyte chemotaxis. Influence of radiographic contrast media on the chemoattractive properties of serum.

One of the important functions of granulocytes is the ability to respond to a chemoattractive signal by migration. The influence of radiographic contrast media (CM) on the chemoattractive properties of serum was investigated by under agarose technique for chemotaxis. No chemotactic response was seen when serum was incubated with different concentrations of CM after heat inactivation. The CM did not generate the heat stable complement split product C5a-desarg which would have resulted in a chemotactic response. Without heat inactivation all complement available in the serum was activated by the agarose in the chemotaxis assay. Low concentrations of iohexol and iodixanol brought about an increased chemotactic response relative to a reference with saline instead of CM. This may be due to activation of heat labile chemoattractants from other sources than the complement cascade. At high concentrations of all five investigated CM, a decreased number of granulocytes migrated over a shorter distance when compared with the reference, and this may be due to interactions between the CM and chemoattractants or their precursors.

Chemotaxis↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonically guided 125iodine seed implantation with external radiation in management of localized prostatic carcinoma.

Thirty-three patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (16 poorly differentiated) were treated with transperineal 125Iodine seed implantation (160 Gy) guided by transrectal ultrasonography and subsequent external beam irradiation (47.4 Gy). The observation time was six to sixty-eight months with a median follow-up of thirty-five months. Median change in prostatic volume was a reduction of 35 percent. Re-biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 25 patients after one to two years, revealing still malignant histology in 12 (48%). Development of distant metastases occurred in 14 patients (44%), and 8 have died of prostatic cancer. Fourteen patients suffered from late complications of which surgical intervention was indicated in 3 cases.

Aged↗