Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Pierre

Publications and source records attributed to F Pierre.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Bacterial infection in the newborn by maternal-fetal contamination: oral antibiotic treatment of the colonized newborn. Prospective study at a maternity unit].

It is not yet known how important bacterial colonisation of the newborn is but in most maternity units this, when it occurs, is treated by parenteral antibiotic therapy. We have, in a prospective study, given antibiotics orally (amoxycillin or clavulanic acid-amoxycillin) in neonates who were colonised by bacteria, and have studied their clinical progress in the first month of life, using a questionnaire to be filled in by the parents. There were 119 neonates treated in 19 months and of these 87.4% of the parents replied to the questionnaires. The children did well in every case. A pharmacokinetic study showed that 76% of the amoxycillin given by mouth was absorbed. It seems, therefore, to us to be useful to give antibiotic treatment by mouth in these neonates.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Termination of pregnancy called "therapeutic." Requirements, limits and insufficiencies of the law].

The authors point out the difficulties in applying the two final paragraphs of article L 162 of the Public Health Code which authorizes and explains the justification for terminating pregnancies later than the legal term of twelve weeks of amenorrhoea. These difficulties arise mainly because of the different ways in which it is possible to interpret how serious a menace to the health of the woman is caused by the pregnancy, which at present cannot be the only reason for provoking a purely medical decision for terminating the pregnancy while deciding how desperate the obvious distress is. On the other hand, the definition of a strong probability that the child to be born would have a particularly serious malformation, recognised as incurable when diagnosed and which constitutes the second indication for terminating the pregnancy on so called therapeutic grounds seems also to lack precision. The authors draw attention to how strictly the law has to be applied as far as termination of pregnancy is concerned as well as basic conditions for carrying out the procedure, which can act as a support for the sole but very definite precise judgement of the Appeal Court of Paris on the 9th July 1982. This can be considered as a judgement for bidding any deviations form the legal requirements of a text that is a very definite one and has to be interpreted strictly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1990

[Cancer of the lips. Results of the treatment of 299 patients].

From 1970 to 1985, 299 patients with carcinoma of the lip were entirely managed at the Bergonié Foundation. Interstitial radiotherapy was most commonly used. It resulted in a successful local control in 96% of cases (238/248), while cosmetic and functional results seemed better than those of surgery. However, surgery seemed more performant for in situ carcinomas, late aggressive T3 carcinomas, local recurrences, as for T4 lesions associated with other techniques. After reviewing the case history of patients with local recurrences, we found technical faults in one half of those managed by interstitial radiotherapy. Local control rates after surgical salvage of recurrences was 99%. Treatment of neck nodes was not discussed in this publication.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Interlaboratory serum copper-zinc comparisons. Analytical performance during the first year].

In 1988 the Trace Elements Commission of the French Society for Clinical Biology operated an interlaboratory comparison program for copper and zinc determination in serum. The main objective is to enable participants to maintain or improve the accuracy of their analytical performance by comparing their results periodically, on the basis of three criteria: comparison of the results with the mean value, accuracy (recovery of copper and zinc additions), between-run reproducibility for identical samples. The statistical methods for evaluation are reported in detail. After one year, the results show a regular improvement in their homogeneity, especially for copper, indicating that the participants have taken into account their results to improve their analytical performance. The recovery of the copper and zinc additions shown a considerable improvement of their homogeneity. The coefficients of variation improved from 30 to 21 p. cent for copper and from 29 to 15 p. cent for zinc. The between-run reproducibility for identical samples was also evaluated. A performance score for each participant was calculated for each evaluation criteria, and a global score was attributed. The procedure for individual and global evaluation was reported in detail. The best scores were obtained for accuracy and the worst for the comparison with the mean value. The participants were considered "good", "acceptable" or "inadequate" in view of their global scores. The global performance was compared to other international interlaboratory comparison programs for copper and zinc in serum.

Copper↗
PubMed1989

[Perfusion of prostaglandins in the cervix uteri. A new method of cervical maturation after premature rupture of the membranes].

Many authors consider that using prostaglandins is the best way of obtaining adequate maturation of the cervix uteri before induction of labour; however, in case of premature rupture of the membranes the conventional methods can seldom be used. An original technique for this relatively rare situation is presented, consisting of an intracervical infusion of prostaglandin F2-alpha at the initial rate of 0.3 mg/hour. Details are given of the technique as well as of the results obtained in a preliminary study of 10 patients. With a mean 7.5 mg total dose of prostaglandin F2-alpha, the mean durations of maturation and delivery were 15 and 20 hours respectively. No infection developed and the procedure was well tolerated by the patients. Nevertheless, this technique should be reserved to those cases where conventional methods cannot be used.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1989

Respiratory hazards in hard metal workers: a cross sectional study.

A cross sectional study was conducted on 513 employees at three hard metal plants: 425 exposed workers (351 men, 74 women) and 88 controls (69 men, 19 women). Cough and sputum were more frequent in workers engaged in "soft powder" and presintering workshops compared with controls (12.5% and 16.5% v 3.5%). Spirometric abnormalities were more frequent among women in sintering and finishing workshops compared with control women (56.8% v 23.8%) and abnormalities of carbon monoxide test were more frequent in exposed groups than in controls; this difference was more pronounced in women (31.4% v 5.6%) than in men (18.5% v 13%). No significant correlation was observed between duration of exposure and age adjusted lung function tests. Slight abnormalities of chest radiographs (0/1, 1/1 according to ILO classification) were more frequent in exposed men than controls (12.8% v 1.9%) and mostly in soft powder workers. In subjects with abnormal chest radiographs FVC, FEV1 and carbon monoxide indices (fractional uptake of CO or CO transfer index or both) were lower compared with those with normal chest radiographs. Although relatively mild, the clinical, radiological, and functional abnormalities uncovered call for a regular supervision of workers exposed to hard metal dust.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Risks of medical complications inherent in technics of assisted procreation (excluding legal incidences)].

Although in France the law is still relatively poor in matters concerning complaints against medical people for accidents and incidents in connection with assisted reproduction, it appeared to the authors that it would be interesting to examine the subjects. There is some French and Anglo-saxon literature about the matter so that the circumstances that can be dangerous for the patients as well as well as for the doctors carrying out the processes can be listed in connection with the medico-legal field. When the legal cases in connection with the manipulation of gametes and of embryos have been excluded, there only remain the risks linked to the complications of the various techniques of assisted reproduction. These include those in connection with induction of ovulation and ovarian hyperstimulation. After having made a list of the risks in connection with In-Vitro Fertilization, with G.I.F.T. and with the various technique similar to it, such as artificial insemination donor, the authors suggest the steps that can be taken to prevent these medical complications and their eventual medico-legal repercussions. These consist of good organisation and improving the facilities dealing with assisted reproduction. The personnel should be well trained, as much information as possible should be given to the patients so that they give informed consent, whether exploratory procedures are being carried out or they are being treated with hormones, or having such manipulations as are necessary to obtain the desired pregnancy for them.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of welders and characterization of their exposure by biological samples analysis.

Chromosomal aberrations in cultured lymphocytes obtained from 55 welders and 55 matched controls were analyzed. Depending on the welding techniques and the nature of the consumables and metals welded, three separate groups of welders were examined. Chromium, nickel, and manganese levels in serum and urine were measured to assess the exposure to welding fumes. A statistically significant increase of chromosomal aberrations was found in one of the three analyzed groups of welders. This group used the semi-automatic metal active gas welding process with cored wire containing nickel for welding mild steel. These welders had significantly higher concentrations of serum and urine manganese and, unlike the other welders, significantly elevated concentrations of nickel, both in serum and urine. However, no significant correlations between nickel or manganese levels and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations were found. There was a significant correlation between the length of welding employment of these welders and the frequency of chromosomal breaks, although there was no significant correlation between age and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. The other two groups of welders, for which the analyses of biologic fluids proved chromium and manganese exposure, had no statistically significant higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations. One of these groups used the manual metal arc welding process with coated electrodes for welding mainly mild steel and the other group used the tungsten inert gas welding process for welding stainless steel. A significant correlation between the daily amount of cigarettes smoked and the frequency of chromosomal breakages, in controls as in welders, was observed. The present data indicate that certain welding processes may generate fumes that seem to have a clastogenic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Maternal behavior toward her newborn infant. Potential modification by peridural analgesia or childbirth preparation].

The effects of sophrology and epidural analgesia on early relationship between the mother and her child were studied on a simple of 190 deliveries. The mothers were observed during and just after delivery. Mothers who had been separated from their child before the end of the observation were excluded from the study. The patients had the choice between epidural analgesia or prenatal care with sophrology. Participation to prenatal courses has statistically a positive effect on the relation between the mother and her child (p less than 0.01). Instead, epidural analgesia and posture have very limited effect on this factor. However, a trend to more interaction is found in multipari and patients who didn't choose epidural analgesia.

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1988

Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in 871 miners according to Pi phenotype: a longitudinal study.

Pi phenotype was determined and alpha 1 protease inhibitor (alpha 1 Pi) was measured in 871 iron-ore miners examined twice at five years interval. A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms was administered and lung function tests: spirometry (VC, FEV1.0), measurements of the residual volume (RV/TLC) and of the CO diffusion (FuCO), were carried out by the same medical and technical team, using the same apparatus. There were no differences in age, length of employment or smoking habits among the three Pi Phenotype groups: M (90.03%), MS (7.1%), MZ (2.8%). The prevalence of clinical symptoms at the initial survey and the incidence of symptoms between the 2 surveys were not related to Pi Phenotype groups. However a significantly steeper decline of FEV1.0/VC was observed in the alpha 1 Pi partially deficient groups MS and MZ (-3.9%) compared with the non-deficient group (-1.8%). No significant difference was observed for VC, RV/TLC and FuCO. This finding suggests that an intermediate deficiency of alpha 1 Pi may be related to a slight but statistically significant impairment of a lung function in occupational conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Decreased serum ceruloplasmin concentration in aluminum welders exposed to ozone.

During an epidemiological survey on arc welders, serum copper and ceruloplasmin were determined in two groups of workers. One group consisted of aluminum welders who were divided into two groups: 13 welders working inside aluminum tanks (confined atmosphere) and 8 welders engaged in the production of vans for dump trucks (nonconfined atmosphere). The reference group consisted of 26 workers of the same plant who were not exposed to welding fumes. Ozone, the major pollutant in aluminum arc welding, was thought to be the principal factor in the significant decrease (P less than 0.01) of mean ceruloplasmin in confined welders. This decrease in the level of ceruloplasmin was still within the reference values and was not linked to age or to tobacco consumption. We found a linear relationship between ceruloplasmin concentration and the cumulated worktime along the week. This effect could be a sign in the serum of a lung reaction against oxidant activity in this type occupational exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Medicolegal risks of celioscopy. Analysis of 32 cases of complications].

An analysis of 200 case records of complications or undesired incidents that happened in the practice of gynaecological surgery and which often gave rise to legal actions either in the criminal or the civil courts, made it possible to extract from these case notes 32 cases where there were medico-legal consequences from laparoscopies that had become complicated. Above all, the relative seriousness of each case had to be considered. More than a third of these cases led to death directly linked to the gynaecological laparoscopy. This furthermore could be responsible for intestinal or vascular complications that had to be treated by intensive resuscitation and by further operative interference carried out as emergencies and by prolonged hospitalisation. After having reported these 32 case histories in detail, the authors analyse the medical consequences of these complications before going on the legal repercussions arising from them. The medico-legal practices that are so important are the ability of the laparoscopist, the standards of his technical equipment and of the anaesthetist, and his taking note of previous operations that have been carried out on the patient. It should not be forgotten, too, that there is a statistically demonstrated risk when laparoscopy sterilization is carried out, because this itself gives rise to claims. Finally, the preventive measures that can be undertaken in order to protect surgeons are outlined. These follow the discovery of an important series of complications which may help them to avoid trouble in their daily practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Active management of labor in Dublin: what is it 15 years later?].

Every obstetrician, in his readings, must have come across a report of article by K. O'Driscoll, and could not remain indifferent (surprise, incredulity, even anger...) in front of astonishing results: 5% of caesarean sections, 5 to 6% of forceps deliveries, combined with a recruiting worthy of any large university center and creditable neonatal results which are accurately analysed. In view of the difficulty and understanding of the basis of "active management of labor", advocated by this team and described as the main reason of its success, the author tried to understand, while staying in this department, the highlights of its daily obstetrical practice. In this detailed report of the activities of this irish obstetrical team, the author wanted to put the results back in their context and broadly outline the organization of this department and the management of labor, in order to evaluate the significance of the figures reported in numerous international publications and too often not easy to analyse for uninformed readers.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗