Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Petersen

Publications and source records attributed to F Petersen.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of infection prevention regimens on early infectious complications in marrow transplant patients: a four arm randomized study.

Three hundred and forty-two patients with hematological malignancies underwent allogeneic marrow transplantation from family donors and were allocated to receive 1) no specific infection prophylaxis in a conventional hospital room (control, 100 patients), 2) prophylactic systemic antibiotics (PSA) in a conventional hospital room (PSA group, 101 patients), 3) decontamination and isolation in a laminar air flow (LAF) room (LAF group, 65 patients) and 4) PSA in an LAF room (LAF+PSA group, 76 patients). Patients were studied for bacterial and fungal complications from the day of admission and until engraftment. LAF isolation was discontinued before engraftment in 27% (LAF+PSA group) to 32% (LAF group) of isolated in 26% (LAF+PSA group) to 27% (PSA group) of patients on prophylactic antibiotics. Septicemia occurred in 41%, 22%, 25% and 10% of patients in the control, PSA, LAF and LAF+PSA group, respectively. The incidence of septicemia was significantly less in the LAF+PSA group than in the control and LAF group with the incidence of septicemia significantly higher in the control group than in any of the other three groups. No other risk factors analyzed in proportional hazards regression tests were associated with septicemia acquisition. It is concluded that effective infection prevention modalities significantly reduce infection morbidity in transplant patients. Since most granulocytopenic transplant patients not receiving PSA will receive empiric or therapeutic broad spectrum antibiotics. The use of PSA in or out of LAF isolation is recommended as an effective modality to reduce septicemia acquisition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ambient air pollution and cancer in California Seventh-day Adventists.

Cancer incidence and mortality in a cohort of 6,000 Seventh-day Adventist nonsmokers who were residents of California were monitored for a 6-y period, and relationships with long-term ambient concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSPs) and ozone (O3) were studied. Ambient concentrations were expressed as mean concentrations and exceedance frequencies, which are the number of hours during which concentrations exceeded specified cutoffs (e.g., federal and California air quality standards). Risk of malignant neoplasms in females increased concurrently with exceedance frequencies for all TSP cutoffs, except the lowest, and these increased risks were highly statistically significant. An increased risk of respiratory cancers was associated with only one cutoff of O3, and this result was of borderline significance. These results are presented in the context of setting standards for these two air pollutants.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimating cumulative ambient concentrations of air pollutants: description and precision of methods used for an epidemiological study.

Methods for estimating cumulative ambient air pollution concentrations for individuals enrolled in an epidemiological cohort study are described and studied. Monthly interpolations from fixed-site monitoring stations in California to zip code centroids were used. The precision of the interpolation methods for total suspended particulates and ozone was assessed, and fixed-site monitoring stations were used in turn as receptor sites. Actual versus interpolated 2-y mean concentrations did not differ significantly and were correlated with a Pearson correlation coefficient of .78 for total suspended particulates and .87 for ozone. The impact of the change from monitoring total oxidants to ozone on oxidant/ozone cumulations was evaluated, and monthly mean concentrations for total oxidants were compared with ozone for 435 station months during which both pollutants were measured simultaneously. Average concentrations did not differ significantly and were highly correlated (r = 0.94). Exceedance frequency statistics, which averaged slightly higher for ozone than for total oxidants, were also highly correlated.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term ambient concentrations of total suspended particulates, ozone, and sulfur dioxide and respiratory symptoms in a nonsmoking population.

Seventh-day Adventist nonsmokers, who, subsequent to 1966, had resided within 8 km (5 miles) of their 1977 residence (N = 3,914), completed the National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI) respiratory symptoms questionnaire in 1977 and again in 1987. For each participant, cumulative ambient concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSP), ozone, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in excess of several cutoff levels were estimated by month and by interpolating ambient concentrations from state air-monitoring stations to their residential and workplace zip codes for the month. Statistically significant relationships between ambient concentrations of TSP and ozone, but not SO2, were found with several respiratory disease outcomes. Multivariate analyses adjusted for past and passive smoking and occupational exposures. Results are discussed within the context of standards setting for TSP and ozone.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical features of idiopathic mitral valve prolapse].

This paper ask a question; is there a generalized defect of the connective tissue among subjects with primary mitral valve prolapse? Based on clinical methods it was found that paired subjects with and without primary mitral valve prolapse, are different in respect of an arbitrary score of joint hypermobility and phenotypic features. This is a statistically significant difference and suggest a possible molecular defect affecting connective tissue in people with primary mitral valve prolapse. Therefore, biochemical and molecular studies should be done to further characterize this abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic respiratory symptoms associated with estimated long-term ambient concentrations of fine particulates less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and other air pollutants.

Seventh-Day Adventists (SDAs), nonsmokers who had resided since 1966 in the vicinity of nine airports throughout California (n = 1,868), completed a standardized respiratory symptoms questionnaire in 1977 and again in 1987. For each participant, cumulative ambient concentrations of fine particulates less than 2.5 microns (microns) in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) were estimated from airport visibility data. Long-term ambient concentrations of estimated PM2.5 in excess of 20 micrograms per cubic meter (micrograms/m3) were found to be associated with development of definite symptoms of chronic bronchitis between 1977 and 1987. Estimated mean concentrations of PM2.5 were associated with increasing severity of respiratory symptoms related to general airway obstructive disease, chronic bronchitis, and asthma. It was felt that the observed relationships, with the exception of the relationship between increasing severity of chronic bronchitis symptoms and PM2.5, could be due to surrogate relationships with other ambient pollutants.

Adult↗